What scientific methods do you need to master in order to effectively prevent and control anthracnos

Choose excellent varieties: pepper such as Zaoza No. 2, neutron grain, Xiangyan No. 4, No. 5, No. 6, neutron grain, fine line pepper, etc.; Sweet peppers such as Lujiao No. 1, Tomato Pepper No. 1, Mengjiao No. 3, Hajiao No. 2, Lujiao No. 3, Zaoza No. 2, Sujiao No. 2, Zaofeng No. 1, Tomato Pepper No. 1, Anhui Pepper No. 2, Changfeng, Jinong Fang Pepper, etc.

Disinfection breeding: soak seeds in 100 times liquid with 4% agricultural resistance 120 melons and vegetables and tobacco special type for 12 hours, and sow directly after removing them and cooling them semi-dry. It can also be pre-soaked with cold water for 1-2 hours, then soaked in 55 warm water for 10 minutes or soaked in 50 warm water for 30 minutes, rinsed with water after removal, and sown after cooling.

You can also soak the seeds in cold water for 10-12 hours, soak the seeds with 1% copper sulfate solution for 5 minutes, add an appropriate amount of slaked lime or plant ash to mix the seeds after taking it out, and sow it immediately. Or soak seeds in 500 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for 1 hour, rinse with water, and promote germination and sowing.

How can you prevent the occurrence of chili anthracnose?

1) Heavy stubble is strictly prohibited.

In the field management of pepper planting, it is very important to choose a suitable plot, and it is strictly forbidden to re-cultivate it year after year, which should be remembered! Because the residual rate of pepper disease is very high, the spores or mycelium of the fungus can be attached to the surface skin and weed residue roots and rotten leaves for wintering, if the next year stubble planting will continue to infringe on the pepper, so it is necessary to plant in rotation to reduce the occurrence of diseases, in addition, after the pepper harvest every year, the vegetable field is thoroughly cleaned up, and the residual diseased leaf stems are deeply ploughed and pressed in the deep soil, so as to eradicate the breeding place of the diseased bacteria and prevent the migratory spread to the new vegetable field to infect the pepper.

b) Seed treatment.

Most of the pepper diseases are fungal viruses, it can be attached to the seeds, so it must be disinfected before planting, the seeds are soaked in warm water at 50 degrees for 20 minutes, dried and exposed to the sun for a day, completely kill the bacteria remaining on the seeds, and the seeds can also be soaked in 1% copper sulfate solution for 20 minutes, and the effect is also very good.

3) Reasonable dense planting.

Pepper planting is too thick, the field is closed, the ventilation and light transmittance is poor, if it encounters high temperature and rainy days, and is prone to disease, the pathogen relies on rainwater to spread very quickly at high temperatures, if it is not prevented and controlled in time, it will cause anthracnose to break out in a row, which has a great impact on the commodity quality and yield of peppers, so it is necessary to plant peppers reasonably and densely, and the specific number of pepper plants per mu is controlled within 3000 plants, the plant spacing is controlled at more than 50 cm, and the row spacing is controlled at more than 65 cm.

1. Keep seeds from disease-free fruits to reduce the source of primary infection. If the seeds are suspicious of harboring bacteria, they can be soaked in 500 times of 500 times of carbendazim wettable powder for 1 hour, rinsed and sown after germination. 2. Remove the diseased residues, and dry the soil before sowing after harvesting;Apply sufficient high-quality organic base fertilizer;High furrow deep furrow planting is easy to water and drain and reduce the wetness of the furrow surfaceAppropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers;Diseased fruits are found in the field, and they are immediately removed and taken out of the field for destruction.

Crop rotation and strengthen cultivation management, and the severely diseased plots should be rotated with Solanaceae and leguminous vegetables for more than 2 to 3 years. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be applied on the basis of sufficient organic fertilizer;Avoid planting too densely and in low-lying areas;Nutrient bowl seedlings, cultivate age-appropriate strong seedlings;Prevent sunburn of fruits;Disease residues in the field to reduce the source of pathogen infection.

In the process of pepper cultivation, plant disease-resistant varieties are preferred to reduce the harm of anthracnose to peppers. Generally, pepper varieties are more resistant to disease. Choose sterile seeds, or use chemically treated seeds.

Captive seeds are harvested from disease-free fruits. Seeds suspected of carrying bacteria should be soaked in warm water at 55 °C for 10 to 15 minutes, or in a solution of 70% mancozeb or 50% carbendazim for two hours, at 1000 mg per kilogram of water. Strengthen on-site management.

Scientific and reasonable dense planting, avoid continuous cropping, crop rotation, appropriate increase of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, cultivate strong seedlings, and improve disease resistance.

Prevent water accumulation in the field and pay attention to changes in moisture. To pick fruits in time, Anthracnose is a weak parasitic bacterium, in the process of ripening and aging, the damaged fruit is the most susceptible to disease, timely picking can avoid disease. Regularly remove diseases and weeds from rural areas to reduce diseases.

Zanthoxylum anthracnose is an important disease in China after fruit bearing. It mainly harms ripe fruits, old leaves, and stems. When the leaf is damaged, the leaf margin lesion is brown, rounded, or irregularly shaped, with a light gray center.

When the fruit is damaged, brown water-soaked lesions can be seen, which are round or irregularly shaped, and the plaques are concave, which can cause a large amount of fruit rot and a large yield in severe cases. The cause of this disease is that it is planted in succession or in the same place for many years, and the planting density is high, the field permeability is poor, the field drainage and irrigation is poor, the greenhouse ventilation is not timely, resulting in high temperature and humidity, the basal fertilizer is insufficient, and the local application of nitrogen fertilizer is the cause of this epidemic. When the pathogenic bacteria are latent in the field, only when the conditions for the occurrence of the disease are met, the symptoms of the disease will be infected, and anthracnose is no exception.

The optimum temperature for pepper anthracnose is 27 degrees Celsius with a relative humidity of about 95%.

It can be seen that high temperature and high humidity are the main conditions for the onset of the disease. Overwintering bacteria produce conidia, which invade directly from crop wounds and epidermis through wind, rain, air currents, and insects. A:

In the prevention and control of anthracnose of Zanthoxylum, people generally only pay attention to chemical prevention and control, and always ignore agricultural prevention and control. Agricultural prevention and control is good at daily drips and daily management. If agricultural prevention and control is done well, the diseases will be greatly reduced, the use of chemical pesticides will be less and less, and the residue of pesticide in pepper will be less and less, which is very beneficial to people's health.

The house program can choose excellent varieties, disease resistant, and then the seeds can be disinfected, so that it can also resist some, and can also reduce the occurrence of this disease through reasonable crop rotation, and can also be sprayed by strengthening cultivation management, chemical control can be sprayed, 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, 600 times liquid or 50% Shibaogong wettable powder, 1500 to 2500 times the solution, or the crown fungus clear dry granules, 1000 to 1200 times the liquid and so on.

or 50% mixed sulfur suspension, 500 times liquid, 50% carbendazim visual powder, 500 times liquid, 70% mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times liquid or 40% carb suspension 500 times liquid.

You can use nitrogen fertilizer, or spray pesticides, understand the causes of the formation of diseases, formulate prevention and control plans, pay attention to the speed of germ reproduction, choose excellent varieties, or disinfect seeds, and have cultivation methods.

Spray pesticides in time, choose peppers with excellent varieties for planting, pay attention to the outside temperature, water in time, and pay attention to the intensity of the sun.

Use pesticides and herbicides, water and fertilize in time, ensure soil fertility, pay attention to ventilation problems, and be sure to pay attention to the right planting temperature.

Pepper anthracnose is a common pepper disease, which often causes peppers to cry out for leaf loss and fruit rot.

Today, let's talk about what are the symptoms of chili anthracnose and how to prevent and treat chili anthracnose.

1. The causes of pepper anthracnose.

Poor drainage and high planting density in case of rain can lead to the occurrence of pepper anthracnose.

If the plant is deficient in fertilizer and nutrients, the plant disease resistance is weak, and the number of pathogens in the field is large or the seeds carry bacteria, which is also conducive to the disease.

Extensive management, due to leaf spot disease, many fallen leaves, and fruit exposure under the scorching sun, can induce pepper anthracnose.

2. Symptoms of anthracnose in Chili Pepper Rock.

1.The leaves are infected, initially fading green water-soaked spots, gradually turning brown, pale gray in the middle, and small black spots on the lesions.

The fruit stalk is damaged, and there are brown sunken spots.

2.When the stems and fruit stalks are infected, irregular brown lesions may appear, slightly sunken, and easy to crack when dry.

3.The fruit is damaged, and begins to produce water-stained yellowish-brown nearly round or irregular lesions, followed by slightly concave, **gray-brown, with raised concentric ring patterns and dense small black spots on the wheel patterns.

3. How to prevent and treat pepper anthracnose.

1.Chemical control can be treated with anthrax with benzopyraclostrobin, pyroxystrobin, prochloraz, pyrazoledesen, oxime strobin tebuconazole and other agents, pay attention to the rotation of drugs.

Or during the onset period, spray 1 time after harvesting a batch of pepper fruits, focusing on the lower leaves and the back of the leaves.

2.Seeds can be disinfected by soaking seeds in 1% copper sulfate solution for 30 minutes or 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times for 1 hour.

3.Strengthen field management, reasonable dense planting, maintain good ventilation and light transmission conditions, can reduce field humidity, avoid rough bends when cultivating and weeding, and avoid damage to plant roots.

Balanced application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, appropriate amount of calcium, boron and other trace elements, avoid the application of non-rotting organic fertilizer.

A small number of diseased fruits and leaves can be removed and buried or burned.

Capsicum anthracnose is a common plant disease that can cause serious damage to plant growth and development.

The symptoms of pepper anthracnose are mainly manifested as black spots on the leaves, the spots are round, the edges are gray rings, there are white spots in the center of the spots, there is white powder on the surface of the leaves, the leaves become hard, the veins turn purple, the leaves turn yellow, and finally the leaves fall off.

In order to effectively control pepper anthracnose, the following measures should be taken:

The first is to strengthen plant protection.

Varieties with strong disease resistance should be selected to increase the disease resistance of plants, and timely fertilization should be applied to maintain the healthy state of plants;

The second is to strengthen field management.

Weeding should be done in time, weeds in the field should be removed, and the breeding environment of germs should be reduced;

The third is timely application.

Effective anti-disease agents should be applied in a timely manner, such as antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, etc., to effectively control the occurrence of diseases;

Fourth, strengthen prevention and control measures.

Diseased leaves should be hoeed in time and discarded to a special garbage dump to prevent the spread of germs;

Fifth, strengthen plant quarantine.

Plants should be inspected regularly, diseases should be detected in time, and control measures should be taken in time to prevent the spread of diseases.

In addition, attention should also be paid to the planting space of plants and avoid over-dense plants, so as to ensure the normal growth and development of plants and reduce the occurrence of diseases.

In short, the prevention and control of pepper anthracnose is a systematic project, in order to effectively prevent and control, it is necessary to take scientific control measures, strengthen plant protection, strengthen field management, timely application of pesticides, strengthen control measures, strengthen plant quarantine, and pay attention to the planting space of plants, etc., in order to effectively control the occurrence of diseases.

For the prevention and control of pepper anthracnose, it is necessary to combine agricultural prevention and control + chemical control, strengthen various management on a daily basis, do a good job in prevention in advance, detect early, use drugs rationally, and control the development and spread of the disease.

1. Agricultural prevention and control.

1) Reduce the number of pathogens in the field.

Pepper belongs to nightshade vegetables, so it can not be rotated with similar vegetables, and corn, melons, beans, rice can be rotated, the rotation time should be 3 years, through crop rotation, the number of pathogens in the soil is reduced year by year;

2) Qingyuan. No matter what kind of crops are harvested, a comprehensive garden cleaning should be carried out, and all kinds of diseased residues and weeds should be taken out of the garden for centralized burning and treatment, so as to avoid the overwintering of pathogens in the body of diseased residues;

3) Remove the diseased part in time.

Once the infected tissue is found, it should be removed and treated in time;

4) Soaking. It can be soaked in warm water or copper sulfate solution, and then germinated and sown.

2. Strengthen pre-planting management.

1) Choose disease-resistant varieties.

Planting in plots with easy drainage, high ridge cultivation, and digging drainage ditches before planting to avoid high humidity caused by water accumulation in the field;

2) Maintain a reasonable planting density.

The distance between the branches and leaves at the adult stage is next to each other but not crowded;

3) Choose seedlings that grow robustly.

Choose seedlings with neat and moderate shapes, large and thick leaves, well-developed root systems, and thick stems for colonization, with a planting depth of 4-5 cm. Before planting, the soil should be turned deeply, and the organic fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied thoroughly to supplement nutrients and improve the disease resistance of plants.

3. Strengthen field management.

1) Use more organic fertilizer, reasonably increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and spray foliar fertilizer reasonably according to the actual condition of pepper;

2) After entering the full fruiting period, pruning and erecting the frame in time to carry out topping, reduce the mutual covering of branches and leaves, and enhance the light transmission and air permeability of the field.

2. Chemical control.

Preventive drugs: 80% mancozeb wettable powder 500 times liquid or 25% amicida suspension 1500 times liquid spray can be used to reduce the occurrence of diseases. After the onset of the disease, you can seize the early stage of the disease, with 75% Daknin wettable powder 600 times liquid or 70% product dry suspension 600 times liquid for prevention and control, every 7-10 days with a total of 2-3 times, spraying must pay attention to spraying evenly, spray thoroughly.

The best way to prevent it is to water and fertilize it, and the soil should be renovated in a timely manner, in which case certain diseases will be prevented, and certain pests can be prevented.

Yellowish-brown lesions appear and may be irregular in shape, sometimes oblong, with reddish-brown edges and grayish-brown in the middle. Be sure to spray pesticides in a timely manner, and remove viruses in a timely manner.