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Anonymous users2024-02-13Patients infected with tetanus bacilli have an average onset of 6 10 days, the short ones can develop within 24 hours, the elderly can reach several months, and neonatal tetanus generally develops about 7 days after birth, so it is commonly known as "seven-day wind" and "umbilical cord wind". Generally speaking, the more severe the symptoms and the higher the mortality rate, the shorter the incubation period and the faster the onset of the disease.
The main symptoms are generalized muscle spasms, paroxysmal exacerbation, multiple or frequent attacks per day, the patient feels difficulty opening the mouth, trismus, and presents a "wry smile" face. The head is tilted back, the head cannot be lowered, the waist is convex, and the foot is bent back, becoming a "horn arch reflexion" shape. The patient has convulsions all over his body with severe pain, cyanosis, difficulty breathing, and profuse sweating, which is very painful.
Respiratory arrest can occur during this process, which can lead to death. Bladder sphincter spasm can also cause urinary retention. But the patient's consciousness is always clear.
Symptoms can gradually lessen after 10 days with effective **, and the entire course of the disease is 2 to 4 weeks.
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Anonymous users2024-02-12Tetanus is a specific infection of Clostridium tetani invaded the human body through ** or mucosal wounds, growing and multiplying in an oxygen-deficient environment, producing toxins and causing muscle spasms.
1. Symptoms of tetanus
There is an incubation period from Clostridium tetani infection to the onset of the disease, and the length of the tetanus incubation period is related to the location of the wound, the infection and the immune status of the body, usually 7 to 8 days, which can be as short as 24 hours or as long as months or years. The shorter the incubation period, the worse the prognosis. Approximately 90% of patients develop the disease within 2 weeks of injury, and the incubation period for neonatal tetanus is 5 to 7 days after umbilical cord removal.
1.Forebody symptoms.
Patients with a slow onset may have symptoms such as general fatigue, dizziness, headache, chewing weakness, local muscle tightness, pulling pain, and hyperreflexia before the onset of the disease.
2. Typical symptoms
Mainly:Motor nervous system desuppressionof annihilation manifestations, including muscle rigidity and muscle spasm. Usually the first muscles affected are the masticatory muscles, followed by the facial expression muscles, the neck, back, abdomen, limb muscles, and finally the diaphragm. Signs of muscle rigidity are difficulty opening the mouth and trismus, abdominal muscles are as solid as plates, neck stiffness, head tilting, when the back and abdominal muscles contract at the same time, because the back muscles are more powerful, the trunk is twisted into an arch, forming a "angular arch reflex" or "lateral arch reflex".
Paroxysmal muscle spasms occur on the basis of muscle rigidity and persist during the spasticity interval. Corresponding signs are frowning, retracting corners of the mouth, and a "wry grin" (facial spasm); laryngeal obstruction, difficulty swallowing, choking (pharyngeal spasm); dysventilation, cyanosis, respiratory arrest (spasms of the respiratory muscles and diaphragm); Urinary retention (bladder sphincter spasm). Intense muscle spasms can cause muscle breakage and even fractures.
The cause of death is usually asphyxia, heart failure, or pulmonary complications.
3. Autonomic symptoms
It is caused by the toxin affecting the sympathetic nervous system, which is manifested by obvious fluctuations in blood pressure, increased heart rate with arrhythmia, peripheral vasoconstriction, and sweating.
Fourth, special types
1) Localized tetanus is characterized by rigidity and spasm of the masseter muscles at the site of the wound or face.
2) Cephafacial tetanus Caused by head trauma, patients with facial, oculomotor and tongue mask submountain nerve palsy are paralyzed, while non-paralyzed patients have trismus and facial and pharyngeal spasms.
The symptoms of tetanus are not like this. Severe is coma, convulsions, stiffness of hands and feet, etc.
The main symptom of tetanus is muscle spasms, which mostly start with the masticatory muscles, then the muscles of the limbs, trunk, and respiratory muscles. Tetanus antitoxin can be injected within 24 hours if tetanus infection is suspected, and tetanus antivenom can be injected beyond 24 hours. Prophylaxis.
Tetanus bacillus is an anaerobic bacterium, a conditional pathogen that grows and multiplies only under oxygen-free conditions or when the wound is deep and accompanied by aerobic infection. >>>More
The incidence of tetanus is very low, and only deep, heavily contaminated wounds can occur, but once the disease occurs, the mortality rate is high, so once there is a deep wound, tetanus prevention should be done.
Generally, if you do not have a tetanus shot, you may be infected with tetanus, and if it is serious, it will be fatal, so it is recommended to inject it as soon as possible.