What are the main pests and diseases of dragon fruit? How can it be effectively prevented?

Anthrax: Formation of lesions, purple-brown, depressed spots in the early stage, enlarged into round or prismatic lesions in the later stage, scattered black spots on the lesions, resulting in dry flesh.

**Method: Removal of the diseased body. The diseased stem nodes can be removed in combination with thinning branches, and the diseased remains can be burned or buried deeply;

The pests and diseases of dragon fruit are: stem blight, soft rot, soft rot.

Prevention and control methods: some pesticides can be sprayed to increase the water and fertilizer in the field.

The main pests and diseases of dragon fruit are stem rot, root rot and so on. Once the plant is found to be sick, you should use plant-specific insect repellents, spray evenly on the roots of the plant, and do not water it during the medication period, otherwise it will reduce the efficacy of the drug, and you can spray it several times to consolidate it.

There are many types of insect pests in dragon fruit.

1: Ants: Ants will damage the young leaves, flowers, and fruits of dragon fruit, and the young shoots that have been eaten by ants will further decay and are easy to mix with stem rot.

2: Blackthorn whitefly: Blackthorn whitefly mainly damages the stem of the dragon fruit plant, and gnaws the sap directly from the stem, which seriously affects the growth of the plant.

In the case of black-thorn whitefly, the tip of the dragon fruit stem or the marginal part of the stem edge will appear as a white powdery attachment, which will start as small white dots and gradually disperse as the disease progresses.

Three: Oriental fruit fly: fruit fly will lay eggs on the surface of the fruit, after the eggs hatch, the larvae will eat into the fruit, damage the fruit, the fruit damage will show early maturity, yellowing, falling, decay, even if it does not fall rotten its commodity value is not high.

In addition, the mature larvae will continue to pupate in the branches, cracked bark, and soil in the next year.

Control methods of dragon fruit:

1. Disease prevention and control.

When the outbreak area of pests and diseases is large, chemical agents need to be used for prevention and control. For anthracnose, stem blight, etc., Bordeaux liquid, Shi Baoke, Shi Bao Gong, Gram Jing, methyl tobuzin and carbendazim wettable powder can be sprayed for control, sprayed once every 2 weeks, and sprayed two or three times in a row to achieve obvious control effects.

The soft rot can be sprayed with copper ammonia, agricultural streptomycin, dycoxium, stone sulfur mixture, etc., and sprayed once a week or two at the same distance, and sprayed two or three times in a row.

2. Reduce the source of diseases and insects in the field.

You can choose the method of manual eradication to remove the diseased stem nodes in time, and collect harmless treatment of the diseased residues, such as the insect plague is light, it can be manually killed. Prune the diseased branches of fruit trees to reduce disease invasion. Sort out the weeds and dead branches in the orchard in time to reduce the source of diseases and insects to the greatest extent.

Quicklime or plant ash can be sprinkled around the orchard, which can play a physical barrier effect and reduce the invasion of pests and diseases.

3. Strengthen fertilizer and water management in orchards.

Fertilizer and water management in the orchard will have an important impact on the growth of dragon fruit, and it is also an effective way to avoid pests and diseases. In the daily management, it is necessary to apply sufficient base fertilizer, mainly rotten organic fertilizer, when the order is topdressed, reasonably equipped with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and improve the nutritional status of fruit trees to improve their disease resistance.

4. Choose comprehensive pest control methods.

The prevention and control methods include going to the health station to buy special pesticides for dragon fruit, diluting it with water and spraying it on the rhizomes and leaves of dragon fruit, and these insects can be killed.

First of all, when planting, we must choose the soil is relatively fertile and wide land, and in the process of fertilization, we must use farmhouse fertilizer, do not use the fertilizer bought outside, and often water the plants more, to prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases, if there are small insects, then we must spray insecticides in time.

To spray pesticides, you must choose the right pesticide for spraying, you can pay attention to the amount of fertilizer, do not apply too much fertilizer, but also pay attention to the treatment of weeds, manage in accordance with scientific methods, water, and choose the right variety for planting.

Rot disease is a bacterial disease, the higher the humidity, the greater the possibility of disease, mainly harming the stems, branches and fruits of plants, after the onset of the disease, the stem appears a circular depression of green patches, the lesions gradually turn orange, when the whole fleshy stem is covered with lesions, the fleshy stem rots, after the fruit is sick, there will be a circular depression of the green disease class on the fruit surface, and gradually become orange; When the situation is severe, it can turn dark brown and become mildew, forming ulcer spots. To strengthen agricultural prevention and control, it is necessary to apply well-rotted farmhouse fertilizer, which can improve the resistance of pit mouth fruits.

Once the disease occurs, it is necessary to use 800 times of 47% Chunleiwang copper wettable powder or 600 times of 25% Saisen copper suspension for prevention and control, and the effect is very good. It occurs in a high temperature and rainy environment, mainly harms the stems and branches of papaya, and if the control measures are not taken, it is easy to lead to the spread of diseases. Fertilizer and water management has an important impact on the growth of pineapples, and it is also effective in preventing pests and diseases.

Usually it is necessary to apply sufficient basal fertilizer, mainly rotten organic fertilizer, timely top dressing, reasonable allocation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and improve its disease resistance by improving the nutritional status of fruit trees.

If conditions permit, drip irrigation can be used for irrigation, flood irrigation or long-term sprinkler irrigation will increase the humidity of the orchard, leaving the fruit in a state of hypoxia for a long time, reducing its resistance. **To start, remove the infected plant from the field, wash the clods, disinfect them with a layer of quicklime, and then fill them with clean, virus-free clods. In addition, spray with 450g of 2000 times of mixed amine aqueous emulsion, generally 2 3 times can be prevented.

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1. Agricultural prevention and control measures. Reduce the source of pests and diseases in the field. Strengthen fertilizer and water management in orchards.

2. Chemical control measures. If the area of pests and diseases is large, chemical agents are needed for control. 3. Adopt integrated pest control measures.

Reasonably grasp the time of medication, spray reasonably, and minimize the number and frequency of chemical pesticides.

Spray the insecticide every other week, maintain sufficient sunlight and a temperature of about 20 degrees, add nutrient solution to the soil, and fertilize regularly.

This needs to be strengthened in time in daily planting, and can be fertilized with farmhouse manure to achieve early prevention.

Aphids and beetles occur during the flowering or fruiting period of the dragon grass shed. It can be used for biological control by eating aphid flies, or scrubbed with soapy water to remove it with a brush, or it can be controlled by pesticides, such as 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 2000 times liquid spray control; Abamectin 3000 times liquid spray control; 10% nicotine emulsifiable concentrate 500 1000 times liquid spray control; 50% anti-aphid wettable powder 2500 times liquid spray control. At the peak of beetle breeding, tea bran can be used to drench the noodles to drive its larvae to crawl out of the ground, and then let the ducks eat.

Or use Bacillus thuringiensis agent for prevention and control. If it is found that there are red and yellow spiders, scale insects, caterpillars, Spodoptera litura, fruit flies, corn borers, etc., when the flower buds and new shoots are extracted for 3 cm, spray with 90% trichlorfon, or 80% dichlorvos plus 40% dimethoate 1000 times each, spray 2 3 times, with an interval of 7 10 days.

When the fruit is ripe and the peel turns red, the flies will lay eggs in the skin of the ripe fruit, and the hatched larvae will feed on the pulp, resulting in fruit cracking and rotting. Fruit fly control methods: pine the garden soil in winter or early spring to reduce the number of insect populations; In the peak period, spray the crown with 2000 times of pyrethroid pesticides, or 800 times of 90% trichlorfon and 3% 5% brown sugar at night, and spray 3 times in a row, with an interval of 7 days; It is also possible to soak in 97% methyleugenol plus 3% dibromophos solution (press 95:).

5 proportions) small pieces of paper are hung on the tree to trap adults, 50 pieces per square meter, 2 times a month. Bagging is performed during the middle stage of fruit development to prevent the adult from laying eggs.

The main pests and diseases of dragon fruit include the blackthorn whitefly, which sucks sap from the gold and affects the growth of the plant. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the proportion of organic fertilizer and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and to prune properly, choose a ventilated and light-permeable environment to improve insect resistance.

Dragon fruit will also have red spider diseases and insect pests, and it is generally necessary to choose a mixture of water amidophos and stone sulfur mixture to control red spiders.

1. Egg mass removal: an egg mass can egg thousands of larvae, if it hatches out and disperses and then sprays, it will get twice the result with half the effort. 2. Early spraying:

If you see a small insect, you need to spray it to prevent it; 3. Spray insecticides immediately after spraying herbs;

You can choose some naïve soil, reduce the moisture in the soil, add some farm fertilizer in moderation, or improve the nutrients of fruit trees to prevent diseases, and do a good job of disease prevention in advance to better prevent pests.

Anthrax generally occurs during the flowering period of dragon fruit or just after the fruit set, due to the relatively high temperature, coupled with excessive rainfall, and the field management is not properly treated, which will lead to the occurrence of anthracnose. Preventive methods can be strengthened in the field of frontal daily management, green phosphorus weevils and spider mites. Agricultural control, in the early stage of breeding, select healthy seedlings, strengthen the management of planting period, and fundamentally prevent black spot disease, dragon fruit soot disease and dragon fruit base rot.

According to the national green food standard, pesticides can be used in moderation to kill diseases.

The optimal temperature for the development of pathogenic bacteria is 16 23, and it is easy to occur when the temperature is above 15 in rainy and humid weather. Air humidity is a major factor in determining the severity of the disease. In the spring and late autumn shoot emission, the disease is prevalent if it is rainy and foggy in the morning, and it rarely occurs in the summer shoot period due to high temperature.

Use a sprayer to spray 500 times of methyl tobuzine or 500 times of 40% ethyl phosphorus aluminum or 500 times of Fumeishuang solution.

These pathogens can also be transformed into brown spots on the fruit, affecting the appearance of the fruit and causing great economic losses. For this pathogen, in addition to the need for balanced fertilization, increase a variety of trace elements, but also must be sprayed with Baitai, Cuibei, Baijiao, secretion of yellow gelatinous matter, wet spots can be pink mold, and then gradually dry up, until the whole plant dies, the later plant can not recover sooner or later, and soon die, the diseased plant is easy to pull up, the root decay is hemp silk.

Stem rot hazards: the lesions of stem rot expand rapidly to the surroundings, the diseased part gradually turns brown, many small black spots of different sizes appear on the surface of the lesions, the xylem becomes brown and necrotic, with the expansion of the diseased part, the leaves and petioles turn yellow, wilt, and the whole plant dies in severe cases. It mainly harms the fleshy stems of dragon fruit, and high temperature and humidity are the most conducive to the occurrence of the disease, among which humidity is the main cause of the disease.

Secondly, the disease was more severe in dragon orchards with overdense branches, poor ventilation and light transmission, partial nitrogen fertilizer application and poor fertilization management.

Dragon fruit stem blight, dragon fruit soft rot, dragon fruit stem spot, dragon fruit termite, dragon fruit leaf blight. These pests and diseases need to be controlled in time.

Ants, snails, root-knot nematodes and other pests and diseases need to be controlled, because these insects will eat the fruit and affect the dragon fruit production.

Anthrax, scabs, soft rot, wilt, so when you find such a situation, you can spray more pesticides, so that you can prevent pests and diseases, and you should also receive more sunlight.

It needs to be controlled, red and yellow spiders, scale insects, caterpillars, Spodoptera litura, fruit flies, corn borers and other pests and diseases.