What is the distribution and harm of dragon fruit anthracnose?

In the initial stage of anthracnose infection of dragon fruit, there will be small yellow dots in the depression, and the edge of the depression point in the post-anthrax will be raised, and then there will be black mold dots, and pink sticky matter will appear when the humidity is high.

Symptoms of dragon fruit rot.

The fungus exists in the soil, weeds, air and other environments, and can damage pollinated flowers, young fruits and fruits stored and transported after harvest. After pollination, the petals of dragon fruit wilt, and in humid, rainy and sultry weather, the petals are easily infected with Myrtillus peach, turn brown and rot, and grow a gray mold layer, producing a large number of sporangia spores; When the stigma of the flower carries pathogenic bacteria, it is latent in the ovary during the process of pollination and fertilization, and as the fruit expands and harms the young fruit, the susceptible young fruit stops swelling and turns red in advance, and the heart of the fruit browns and rots from the inside out. The pathogens latent on the ripe fruits are harmful to the fruits during the ripening and storage process, and the susceptible fruits are water-stained soft rot in the early stage, and a large number of gray-black mold layers grow on the fruits in the later stage, which spreads rapidly.

How many ways to control dragon fruit rot?

The occurrence of dragon fruit rot is regular.

Dragon fruit rot is a saprophytic fungus, which is easy to cause disease in a high-temperature, rainy, poorly ventilated environment, and if the flowers in the orchard are covered with mold layer after pollination, it is easy to cause heart rot of young fruits. During the post-harvest storage and transportation of ripe fruits, the suitable temperature is about 30 degrees, and the disease is very prone to occur under dark conditions.

How many ways to control dragon fruit rot?

Dragon fruit rot control methods.

1. Strengthen the cultivation and management of dragon fruit orchards, reasonably dense planting, ventilation and light transmission, and cultivate robust plants.

2. The flowers pollinated by dragon fruit are very susceptible to this pathogen, and the petals can be manually cut off if labor permits, and should not be thrown anywhere, but should be treated centrally.

3. Dragon fruit fruit.

1. Anthrax is the main disease of dragon fruit, the damage to dragon fruit is the most serious, the lesions are purple-brown in the early stage, and expand into round or prismatic lesions in the later stage, and then they can be connected into pieces to cause the flesh to dry up, and the lesions are scattered with small black excitation beams.

2. Scab disease is an irregular brick-red necrotic spot or rust necrotic spot on the surface of the diseased stem, slightly protruding, the diameter of the lesion is small in the early stage, and a large lesion will be formed in the later stage, the surface is smooth, and in severe cases, it directly injures the fleshy stem and endangers the growth of the whole plant.

3. The lesions of soft rot are water-soaked and translucent in the early stage, and the diseased part is water-stained in the later stage, which is sticky and soft rot, emitting a fishy odor, and spreads to the entire stem node, and finally only the xylem in the center of the stem remains.

Dragon fruit canker is a fungal disease caused by Arthrosporium neolugrans, which damages dragon fruit stems and fruits, and young stems are susceptible to infection, forming round white spots at the beginning, gradually turning into brown spots or black canker spots. Dragon fruit canker disease is easy to occur under high temperature and humidity conditions, especially after typhoons, it is more likely to break out in a large area.

Once dragon fruit canker occurs, in the early stage of the disease, spraying broad-spectrum fungicides such as methyl tobuzin, carbendazim, mancozeb and other broad-spectrum fungicides + copper preparations can not achieve the best effect, but can inhibit the spread of dragon fruit canker to a certain extent. In orchards with severe disease, it is basically difficult to use chemical agents to prevent and control the diseased stalks, so the diseased stems should be cut off in time and taken to the outside of the orchard to be burned or buried. Diseased stems should be removed from the garden to avoid infection with other healthy dragon fruits.

Dragon fruit canker disease is prone to outbreak in high temperature and high humidity environment, and chemical control should be based on prevention and control. With the rise of temperature and humidity in spring, it is necessary to treat soft rot, scab and other diseases to prevent compound infection. Recommended formula 1 for chemical control agents

30% pyraclostrobin 1500 times + Pythium 1000 times + 3% mesomycin or streptomycin 1000 times spraying, which can be used safely in all periods. Recipe 2: 50% benzene.

Propylene 2000 times + 40% prochloraz 1500 times + chunleimycin or zhongshengmycin, can not be used in the flowering and young fruit stages.

So far, there is no specific medicine to prevent and treat dragon fruit canker. Once dragon fruit canker occurs, in the early stage of the disease, spraying broad-spectrum fungicides such as methyl tobuzin, carbendazim, mancozeb and other broad-spectrum fungicides + copper preparations can not achieve the best effect, but can inhibit the spread of dragon fruit canker to a certain extent. The precautionary measures for agricultural production are as follows:

1. Choose sandy soil. Before selecting a site for a dragon fruit orchard, you should try to choose sandy soil to keep the soil as little water as possible. Too much moisture in the soil will lead to a decrease in dragon fruit resistance.

2. Choose varieties with higher resistance. There are currently no dragon fruit varieties that are highly resistant to canker disease. Comparatively speaking, white-fleshed dragon fruit is more resistant than red-fleshed dragon fruit, and white-fleshed dragon fruit can be planted in moderation.

However, the quality of red-fleshed dragon fruit is higher and the unit price is also high, and fruit farmers prefer to plant red-fleshed dragon fruit with a lack of footage, which is also one of the reasons for the increasing frequency of dragon fruit canker.

3. Strengthen agricultural prevention and control and apply organic fertilizer. Fertilization should be mainly organic fertilizer, and calcium fertilizer and potassium fertilizer should be applied according to soil fertility conditions, which can increase the thickness of the waxy layer of dragon fruit stalks and improve resistance.

The main pests and diseases of dragon fruit are stem rot and root rot.

Termites will directly gnaw off the stem of the dragon fruit plant or eat away at the roots, causing the injured tissue to turn upward and fester. Termites can be treated with drugs at the roots.

Underground pests include snails, slugs, ants, etc., which eat the young shoots of plants. Ducks can be stocked in the orchard to eat pests, or they can be sprinkled with lime on the ground or trees or trapped with poisonous bait.

Aphids and beetles occur during the flowering or fruiting stage. Biological control can be carried out with aphid flies, etc., or scrubbed with soapy water and brushes; At the peak of beetle breeding, tea bran can be used to drench the noodles to drive its larvae to crawl out of the ground, and then let the ducks eat. If there are red and yellow spiders, scale insects, caterpillars, Spodoptera litura, fruit flies, corn borers, etc., when the flower buds and new shoots are extracted for 3 cm, spray with 90 trichlorfon, or 80 dichlorvos plus 40 dimethoate 1000 times each, spray 2 3 times in a row, with an interval of 7 10 days.

When the fruit is ripe and the peel turns red, the flies will lay eggs in the skin of the ripe fruit, and the hatched larvae will feed on the pulp, resulting in fruit cracking and rotting. Control methods: pine the garden soil in winter or early spring to reduce the base of insect population; In the peak period, spray the crown with 2000 times of pyrethroid pesticides, or 800 times of 90 trichlorfon plus 3 5 brown sugar at night, and spray 3 times 3 times with an interval of 7 days; It is also possible to add 97 methyleugenol soaked to 3 dibromophos solution (press 95:

5 proportions) small pieces of paper are hung on the tree to trap adults, 50 pieces per square meter, 2 times a month. Bagging is performed during the middle stage of fruit development to prevent the adult from laying eggs.

Dragon fruit has fewer diseases and insects, and is susceptible to snails and ants at the seedling stage, so it can be controlled with insecticides; In the high temperature and high humidity season, it is easy to be infected with diseases, and some branches are necrotic and mildew, which can be prevented and controlled by powder rust and strong copper oxide, and the effect is good.

Anthrax, blight, soft rot, scabs.