What are the determinants of intelligence? What are the factors that affect intellectual development

Parents want to know what the determinants of intelligence are, and they all want their children to be smart and cute. However, every child's intelligence is different. So why are some children smarter and some not smarter?

Researchers at the University of Virginia studied twin brothers who grew up in two families and tested their IQ when they were 18 to 20 years old. Experiments have shown that intelligence is a combination of innate and acquired, and children from wealthy families with a good educational background are more intelligent. It's not uncommon to hear discussions like this:

Whether it is environmental factors or genetic factors that have a big impact on a person. A study has now confirmed that intelligence is an acquired and natural product. Children who grow up in well-educated and well-to-do families are smarter than those who grow up in poor families.

A study of brothers who grew up in two families came to the conclusion that their IQs were different.

Professor Kenneth Kendler said: 'We do not deny that there is an important genetic factor in cognitive ability, but it is naïve to think that genes determine intelligence or not. Well-educated parents educate their children to make them smarter, and this time there is strong evidence that intelligence is not determined by genetics.

Previous studies have confirmed that well-educated parents communicate with their children at the dinner table, take them to museums, and read stories to their children in the evening, all of which contribute to their children's intelligence. Genetic factors have a great impact on a child's intelligence, but we cannot ignore the nurturing of children. As a parent, you should find the right way to educate your child so that you can fully develop your child's potential.

Researchers at the University of California in the United States used magnetic resonance imaging to scan the brains of 47 adults and tested them on a standard IQ test. The results showed that people with high scores on IQ tests had more gray matter in their brains than those with low scores. The latest research published by researchers in the United States shows that the high and low IQ of human beings is related to gray matter in the brain.

The more gray matter in a fixed area of the brain, the smarter the person behaves in the relevant area. For many years, scientists have been trying to find out physiology, the factors that determine the level of human intelligence. In the past, it was thought that intelligence was related to the size of the brain as a whole or to the size of the frontal lobe.

It can be divided into two categories: genetic factors and environmental factors.

Genetic factors mainly refer to hereditary predisposition, that is to say, biological status and anatomical and physiological characteristics obtained from parents. Genetic quality is the biological prerequisite for intellectual development, and it is an important factor that restricts and influences intellectual development. However, we should not exaggerate the role of genetic qualities in intellectual development, and a large number of surveys have shown that the vast majority of people do not have much difference in genetic qualities, except for a very small number of people who have serious defects in genetic qualities.

A small number of students blame themselves for their low talent and natural stupidity because they do not understand the knowledge they have learned, cannot remember, and their academic performance continues to decline, and they gradually develop a sense of inferiority and lose their confidence and courage to learn. In fact, as long as you think carefully about and summarize your own learning, it is not difficult to find the reason for your poor learning status: either the learning method is wrong, or the learning foundation is too poor, or the subjective effort is not enough, etc., and it is by no means a natural stupid brain.

The so-called environmental reasons are mainly the influence of the social environment and the role of environmental education in schools. Man always lives in a certain environment and is influenced by the environment, and man's intelligence is developed through his own time activities under the influence of a certain environment and education.

智開 [zhì shāng].

IQ, or Intelligence Quotient, is an index of an individual's intelligence test score compared with the scores of subjects of the same age, and is a measure of an individual's intelligence. The concept of IQ was proposed by Professor Terman, a psychologist at Stanford University in the United States.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the French psychologist Alfred Binet (1857-1911) and his students compiled the world's first intelligence scale, according to which the average IQ of the average person was determined to be 100, and the IQ of normal people, according to this set of tests, was mostly between 85 and 115. Intelligence is genetically controlled and cannot be changed artificially. Due to a variety of congenital factors, the intellectual development of people will be different.

A person's level of intellectual development at their age is measured through a series of standard tests, which must be used in conjunction with the Spiritual Quotient (SQ). It is people's ability to recognize objective things and apply knowledge to solve practical problems. Intelligence manifests itself in many aspects, such as observation, memory, imagination, creativity, analytical judgment, thinking, adaptability, reasoning, etc., including the Merchant (CQ).

Intelligence is currently thought to consist of three abilities: short-term memory, reasoning, and language.

Later, Professor Terman introduced this set of scales to the United States and revised it as the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale, and used the ratio of mental age to biological age as an index to assess children's intelligence level, this ratio is called IQ, which is expressed by the formula: IQ = MA (mental age) CA (biological age) 100. People call this IQ the ratio IQ.

The five major factors of intelligence include:

1. Observation: It refers to the brain's ability to observe things, such as discovering novel things through observation, having a new understanding of sound, smell, temperature, etc., and improving the ability to understand the essence of things through the observation of phenomena. Some training contents, such as observation and imagination items, can be added to the learning and training to improve the observation and imagination of the trainees.

2. Attention: refers to the ability of people's mental activities to point to and concentrate on certain things. For example, a good student can concentrate on reading books and researching topics for a long time, and greatly reduce interest in other unrelated games, activities, etc., which is a manifestation of strong concentration.

3. Memory: It is the ability to recognize, maintain, recognise and reproduce the content and experience reflected in objective things. For example, when we are old, we still remember the image of our father and mother when we were young, and the family environment when we were young, that is, human memory is at work.

4. Thinking power: It is the ability of the human brain to reflect objective things indirectly and generally. When people learn to observe things, they will gradually classify and summarize various objects, events, and experiences, and they can summarize different types through their thinking.

5. Imagination: It is the ability of people in the world to create new images in their minds on the basis of existing images. For example, when I think of cars, I immediately imagine all kinds of car images.

Therefore, imagination is generally done on the basis of mastering a certain amount of knowledge.