What are the characteristics of water in nature?

The chemical composition of water, if viewed by mass percentage, contains hydrogen and oxygen. If you look at it by volume, there are two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen. The water molecules that exist alone are called single water molecules, and the association of water molecules can form double water molecules, triwater molecules, etc.

The characteristics of water include high boiling point, high heat of evaporation, high heat capacity, abnormal expansion, good solvent, and continuous association. Water, like other substances, increases in volume and decreases in density when heated. Pure water has a density of kilogram cubic meters at zero degrees Celsius and kilogram cubic meters at boiling point, with a density reduction of 4%.

At normal atmospheric pressure, when water freezes, the volume suddenly increases by about 11%. When the ice melts, it suddenly decreases in size. According to scientists' observations, in an enclosed space, when water freezes, it turns into ice, and the pressure generated by the increase in volume can reach 2,500 atmospheres.

This property is of great importance to nature and industry. This is why rock fissures gradually increase as they thaw repeatedly. The buried water conveyance plastic pipe is anti-freeze damage, and generally requires a certain buried depth (greater than the depth of the permafrost layer).

Water, like many substances on Earth, comes in solid, liquid, and gaseous forms. But unlike other substances, water is the only substance in nature where three states coexist at the same time. In nature, the snow on the top of high mountains and the ice at the poles are solid water, and oceans, lakes, and swamps are made up of liquid water.

Whereas, the evaporation of water into the atmosphere takes place in the form of gaseous water. Because of this, the different states of water on the earth can be converted into each other to form a cycle. At the same time, this process of transformation has also caused a variety of complex weather and climate phenomena on the earth's surface.

The phase transition of water, the three states of gas, liquid, and solid of water, these three states are also called the three phases of water. As can be seen from the three-phase diagram of water, the state of existence of water can change under certain temperature and pressure conditions, which is called phase transition. In daily life, we will call the freezing point of water, below this temperature, the water will change from a liquid state to a solid state, which is called freezing.

Above this temperature, the water will change from a solid state to a liquid state, which is called dissolving. Similarly, 100 is called the boiling point of water, below which the water will change from gaseous to liquid state, which is called condensation. Above this temperature, the water will change from a liquid state to a gaseous state, which is called gasification.

It is important to note that the above facts can only be established if there is a standard pressure near the surface. When the atmospheric pressure of the fruit changes, the freezing point and boiling point of water will change accordingly.

On the plateau, people often encounter the situation of undercooked food, this is because the air pressure on the plateau is less than 1 standard atmosphere, and the water boils before it is less than 100. At this point, a pressure cooker is used to cook food, so that the pressure in the pot increases, and the boiling point of the water rises to 100. In addition, the change of water from solid to gaseous does not necessarily have to go through the liquid stage, and at very low pressures below millimeter Hg, the water will be directly converted between the solid and gaseous states, without going through the liquid water stage.

Of course, this extremely low level of stress is not seen in everyday life. In most parts of the planet, temperature and pressure cause water to exist mainly in liquid form. It is because of this characteristic that water can nourish all things and the ocean can become the cradle of life.

Water molecules form hydrogen bonds with each other and are polar. The hydrogen end of the water molecule is positively charged and the oxygen end is negatively charged, and it is this polarity that makes the hydrogen of one water molecule attract the oxygen of another water molecule to each other. This polarity allows it to separate the ions in the salts and bind strongly to other polar substances such as alcohols and acids, thus dissolving them.

When a polar substance is placed in water, the positive end of its molecule is attracted to the negative end of the water molecule and vice versa. These properties result in a homogeneous mixing of solute molecules with water molecules. Hydrogen bonding also results in a number of unique properties, such as a solid form that is less dense than its liquid form, a relatively high boiling point (100), and a higher heat capacity.

Water exists in nature in three forms: solid, liquid, and gaseous. The specific manifestations are solid states including ice, snow, frost, and hail; Liquid states include clouds, rain, fog, and dew; The gaseous state is mainly water vapor.

1.Snow Solid The temperature in the cloud is too low, and the small water droplets in the cloud form ice crystals, and the snowflakes that fall to the ground are still snowflakes.

2.Frost solid water droplets in the air solidify into crystals like crushed ice when condensed.

3.Ice Solid When the temperature of the water drops below 0, it will condense into solid ice.

4.Clouds Liquid Water vapor condenses into small water droplets floating in the sky when they reach high altitudes, and these small water droplets are clouds.

5.Rain liquid most of the small water droplets floating in the air merge into large water droplets and finally fall to the ground and become rain.

3.Dew liquid water vapor in the air condenses into small droplets that adhere to the object.

7.Fog liquid water vapor in the air condenses into small water droplets, which are formed close to the ground called fog.

8.Water vapor Gaseous Water evaporates when heated to form gaseous water vapor, which is water vapor that cannot be seen with the naked eye.

<> can be electrolyzed to oxygen and hydrogen.

The characteristics of water are that the boiling point of water is high, and the heat of evaporation is largeHeat capacityHigh, abnormal swelling, good solvent, can constantly occur.

Water, like other substances, increases in volume and decreases in density when heated. Pure water in Celsius.

The density is kilogram cubic meters at zero degrees and kilogram cubic meters at the boiling point, with a density reduction of 4%.

Main introduction

Water (chemical formula HO) is an inorganic substance composed of two elements, hydrogen and oxygen.

Non-toxic and drinkable. It is a colorless and odorless transparent liquid at room temperature and pressure, which is known as the source of human life and is an important substance to maintain life.

Water is one of the most common substances on Earth, with 71% of the Earth's surface covered by water. It is an important resource for the survival of all life, including inorganic chemistry and human beings, and it is also the most important component of living organisms.

The above content reference: Encyclopedia - Water.

The characteristics of water are high boiling point, large heat of evaporation, high heat capacity, abnormal expansion, good solvent, and continuous association.

Water, like other substances, increases in volume and decreases in density when heated. Pure water has a density of kilogram cubic meters at zero degrees Celsius and kilogram cubic meters at boiling point, with a density reduction of 4%.

The importance of water:

First of all, water is the main component of bodily fluids. The water fluid in the human body is collectively called body fluid, which is concentrated in cells, intertissues and various pipelines, and is an important substance that constitutes cells, tissue fluid, plasma, etc.

Secondly, water is a carrier for transporting nutrients and metabolites. As the medium of all chemical reactions in the body, water is the platform for the transportation of various nutrients and substances. The blood transports oxygen, glucose, amino acids, enzymes, hormones, and vitamins to the whole body, and transports metabolic wastes such as carbon dioxide, urea, and uric acid to the kidneys, where they are excreted with urine, and a small number of wastes are excreted from sweat, and these metabolic activities are inseparable from water.

Third, maintain a stable body temperature. Only with the help of water and the use of oxygen can the three major heat-producing nutrients of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the body be metabolized and decomposed, heat can be released and body temperature maintained.

Water is very peculiar, not only because it has no color, no smell, and no taste, but also because it is related to the characteristics of water. The characteristics of water are high boiling point, high heat of evaporation, high heat capacity, abnormal expansion, good solvent, and continuous association.

In addition, water has the following characteristics:

Water is a relatively polar molecule.

Hydrogen bonds are formed between water molecules.

The water molecules in liquid water will have the ability to cohesive.

Hydrogen bonding between water molecules allows water to moderate temperature changes.

Ice is lighter than water. Water is an excellent solvent.

The heat capacity of water is higher than that of other substances, except that it is smaller than that of hydrogen and aluminum. Water has less heat transfer than other liquids.

Fluidity is one of the most important characteristics of water and represents a characteristic of life.

The most basic substance in the world: gold, wood, water, fire, and earth. Stone is devoid of moisture and does not have the characteristics of fluidity, so there is no life at all.

Trees absorb moisture from the soil and air, and through the internal structure of the tree, this water will soak into all parts of the tree to promote its growth, so the tree is alive.

Fire has great fluidity under the blowing of the wind, water and fire are merciless, but the fluidity of fire is still different from the fluidity of water, fire does not bring the birth of life, but destruction, death, and disappearance.

Needless to say, the wind itself is fluid, which is a common phenomenon in meteorological climates, and from the perspective of life, the flow of wind can bring about the birth of life, but also bring all kinds of damage and destruction.

<>1. Solid: There is a certain volume and shape, and the solid forms of water include ice, snow, frost, etc.

2. Liquid state: there is a certain volume, but there is no certain shape, and the water is a colorless and odorless transparent liquid at room temperature and pressure.

3. Gaseous state: without a certain volume and shape, it is called water vapor.

The "white gas" emitted when boiling water is not a pure gaseous state, but a state in which the gaseous and liquid states of water coexist.

Liquid (ordinary water), gaseous (water vapor), solid (ice).

Ordinary water, water vapor, ice.