How to look at the degree of hallux valgus, hallux valgus examination

1.Early stage: also known as preluxation, 2Metaphase: also known as subluxation stage 3Late stage: It can be called the osteoarthritis stage, so it is better to ** as soon as possible, and Chengdu Micro Hand and Foot Surgery Hospital ** is very good.

The staged symptoms of hallux valgus are as follows:

1.Early stage: Also known as pre-subluxation, hallux valgus is mild.

Mild hallux valgus deformity with inconspicuous outward protrusion of the first metatarsal head may lead to mild bursitis. After walking in pointed-toe heels for a long time, patients may have significant pain in the front of the soles of the feet and the hallux, which can be relieved by rest.

2.Interphase: Also known as subluxation, hallux valgus symptoms are more pronounced in this period.

The patient has a marked valgus deformity of the big toe and a significant outward protrusion of the first metatarsal head. Ulcers or infections occur in the protrusions**, so bursitis can be more painful. The second toe was forced to be elevated under the pressure of the big toe, located on the top of the big toe, and there was a hammer toe deformity, and its ** ulcerated due to the friction of the upper and the pain was obvious.

Due to excessive load, the metatarsal head sinks, and a callosum forms under prolonged friction. Standing or walking for a short time can cause severe pain in the feet.

3.Late: It can be called the osteoarthritic stage, and the hallux valgus is severe.

The first metatarsal head protrudes outwards and can be approximately hemispherical. Severe overlap of the big toes and lack of force on the toes can cause the arch of the foot to collapse, which in turn can cause changes in the support points of the foot. Osteoarthritis develops in the first metatarsal joint, causing swelling and pain in the metatarsal joint.

Some patients may have secondary low back pain, or knee pain, which greatly affects standing and walking.

1.Physical examination.

The standing position was used to evaluate the degree of hallux valgus, other toe deformities, and arches. In the sitting position, the shape of the forefoot and hind foot. The hallux evaluation includes the range of motion of the first metatarsophalangeal joint, the degree of swelling, the prominence of the medial protrusion, the presence of callosum or painful bladder, and the presence of localized sesamoid pain on the plantar surface; Other toes are evaluated for hammer toes, metatarsophalangeal instability or dislocation, and plantar pain or calluses.

2.Imaging.

Plain x-rays of the weight-bearing position are performed, and the following data need to be measured:

1) Hallux valgus angle The angle between the first metatarsal and the midline of the proximal phalangeal diaphysis, the normal value is less than 15°.

2) Intermetatarsal angle.

1. The angle between the midline of the second metatarsal diaphysis is less than 9° in normal.

3) Distal metatarsal articular surface angle (DMAA) The angle of intersection between the articular surface of the first metatarsal head and the long axis of the first metatarsal: normal is that the lateral tilt of the metatarsal head articular surface is less than 10°.

4) Degree of joint fit: Whether there is a subluxation on the joint surface of the first metatarsal head and the proximal phalangeal bone, if the two sides of the joint are tilted, the joint is mismatched.

5) The angle between the midline of the proximal and distal phalanges of the first toe is normally less than 10°.

3.Classification of hallux valgus according to severity.

1) Mild hallux valgus angle is less than 30°, and the angle between metatarsals is less than 13°. Joints are often matched, and deformity may be caused by hallux valgus between the toes.

2) Moderate hallux valgus The hallux valgus angle is 30° 40°, and the intermetatarsal angle is 13° 20°. The metatarsophalangeal joints are often mismatched (subluxated), and the hallux is supinated and often compresses the second toe.

3) Severe hallux valgus The hallux valgus angle is greater than 40°, and the intermetatarsal angle is 20° or greater. The hallux is pronated and often overlaps above or below the second toe, and the metatarsophalangeal joints are mismatched. Metastatic pain is often present under the second metatarsal head, and arthritis changes may be present.

You can take a look at it**, measure the data, measure the big toe, the angle of inclination to the outside of the body, how many degrees, this is the method of inspection, in addition, the reasons for this situation are more, mainly depending on the shoes that do not fit the feet, so the shoes to wear in the future, to choose loose and soft shoes.