The sunflower borer is very harmful, how to prevent and control the sunflower borer?

It is a kind of weed, this weed is very special, it cannot grow alone, it needs to parasitize on sunflowers, tobacco and other plants, it can survive and grow by relying on these plants, and it cannot live and survive without the host plant. With the increase in temperature and change of the secretion of the stick system, at this time when the seeds are unearthed in a large area, in fact, this is also related to the soil, when the soil pH value is at a certain level, it is difficult for the seeds to germinate, and it is also a relatively simple and direct way to shovel early when the seedlings are raised.

The eggs are then laid on the flower tray of the sunflower by mating, and the peak spawning is concentrated in early August. Beginning in late August, the larvae begin to spin off their silk and sneak into the soil to make cocoons for the winter. In some late-blooming sunflowers, eggs or larvae of the second generation can be seen, but they cannot overwinter.

At the beginning of the disc, you can choose to spray and control with agents such as Sukelin, Sclerotinia sinensis, Nongli, Scutellum or carbendazim, focusing on protecting the back of the flower disc. Due to the tall sunflower plants in the later stage, it is difficult to spray pesticides, and you can also take the method of hitting the pole in the field after the rain to reduce moisture.

Fertilizer is sufficient, because sunflowers grow very fast, and in the stage of growing taller and early flowering, the amount of fertilizer required is relatively large. Therefore, it is necessary to apply more fertilizer, fast-acting compound fertilizer, and organic fertilizer. If there is enough sunlight, it is easy to grow in the sun, and the flowers are relatively small, and the branches are thin.

When the sunflower blooms, in order to improve the seed setting rate, around 10 o'clock in the morning every day, you can use a soft brush to lightly brush on the flower plate several times, as an artificial assisted pollination, generally once every other day, 2 3 times in a row.

Sunflower is the seedling stage from the emergence to the budding stage. It generally takes 35-50 days, and 28-35 days for summer sowing. This period is the stage of leaf and flower primordium formation and floret differentiation.

At this stage, the aboveground growth is stunted, and the root growth is faster, which is the period when sunflower has the strongest drought resistance. Then there is the soil problem, don't finish it, mainly calcium phosphate fertilizer, according to the situation to see the growth of the appropriate amount of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer trace elements. It is recommended that you check online to make enzyme fertilizer from kitchen waste, which is environmentally friendly, has no special taste, and is economical.

It is good for plant growth.

Use pesticides to control them, because such insects are very sensitive to pesticides, and almost all of them will die after a dozen pesticides.

Be sure to sprinkle some pesticides in advance, so that you can achieve a good preventive effect, and it will not affect the yield of sunflowers.

Prevention and treatment through drugs. Some pesticides can be sprayed so that the sunflower borer can be killed.

1.Choose insect-resistant varieties. 2.

Autumn and winter irrigation can turn a large number of overwintering cocoons into the soil and reduce the number of overwintering insects. 3.Chemical control.

In areas where the damage is not great, you can spray 500 1000 times of 90% trichlorfon on the flower disc at the larval stage, around the beginning of August. In areas with more serious damage, the control of adult insects should be the mainstay, combined with the control of larvae. At the end of July and the beginning of August, during the peak period of adults, apply dichlorvos smoke agent or fumigate 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable oil to soak the sorghum rod with dichlorvos sorghum rod and insert it into the field, and apply it again every 3-5 days according to the amount of insects.

In the peak of larvae, spray 90% trichlorfon 500 1000 times once in early and mid-August.

FYI. Hope!

It doesn't take much time to grow sunflowers, so it's more convenient to grow sunflowers. So what are the common pests and diseases of sunflowers? What are the main control methods of sunflower pests and diseases?

How to control sunflower pests and diseases to minimize the damage? Let's ** sunflower common pests and diseases and their control methods.

Sunflowers focus on the control of aphids, almond bees, almond scale insects, etc.

Aphids: The key to controlling aphids is to spray pesticides before germination, that is, during the flower bud expansion period. During this period, 4000 to 5000 times the solution of imidacloprid can be used.

After germination, 4000 5000 times of imidacloprid solution and 2000 3000 times of chlorine cover deltamethrin solution can kill aphids, and can also be ** almond bee. After sitting, you can kill 1500 times the liquid with aphids.

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum: spray 50-80 times of the emulsion of the oil before germination and in late May, respectively, and add 1500 times of acesalixonoids.

From the beginning of August to mid-August, the number of adults is visually measured by gently touching the bean plants with a small stick while walking along the ridge every day or in the evening of the following day. When adult worms are observed"In droves"Flying, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1 and an average of 50,100 moths per 100 metres on the ridge, or an average of 20 eggs per 100 pods, control begins immediately.

Use 80% DDVP100 150 ml, take two long sorghum stalks (hemp stalks, corn stalks, sunflower stalks) as carriers, soak one piece of skin for 10 minutes, and cut the other section of skin, insert 30 50 roots per leather sock 667 meters 2 (mu), or use corn cob to absorb the liquid, and insert it into the branches of bean plants. Fumigation kills the adult insects. Or spray with deltamethrin EC 3000 4000 times before the larvae enter the pod at the peak of the adult season.

The hosts are mainly peaches, plums, apricots, begonias, cherry blossoms, cotton, etc. Usually, the larvae are cylindrical, the pupae are long spindle-shaped, brown, and the larvae burrow into the fruit or pod to eat, and are pests of fruit trees or legume crops. So how to control edible fungi and insect pests?

Next, I will introduce the control methods of food insects. Once the food insect eats the fruit, it cannot be controlled, so the accurate control period is the key to controlling this type of pest. For pear small insects, peach small insects, peach borers, etc., sexual attractants can be hung in the orchard, and the number of insects can be checked every day, generally 15 acres of orchards can be hung 1 time.

When the number of traps increases dramatically, the eggs should be checked every 3 days. When the egg fruit rate reaches 1%, drug prevention and treatment can be carried out.

When the four mites occur, they can be treated with Erjia and Kung Fu at the same time. For peach insects, from the winter cocoon unearthed to the ground pupa transport cocoon, ground control, spray on the crown with 25% phosphine microcapsules per mu kilogram of water 150 kilograms, and then shallow hoe into the soil, or use 4% digram powder, each tree with kilograms, can kill the unearthed larvae, generally 15 days 1 time. There are many beneficial insects in nature that can control the occurrence of pests, mainly including:

Predatory predators. For example, lacewings, ladybugs, bugs, spiders, carapaces, ants, etc. can prey on the above pests.

Natural enemies of parasites. For example, clover can parasitize the eggs of various insects, a leaf knows the autumn parasitic pear of the large insect, and the nailed belly cocoon parasitizes the small insect of the peach. Dissection was performed on the fruit of the pear large edible insect.

If the parasitic wasp lasts for a long time, the fruit should be preserved, covered with gauze, and released after the appearance of natural predators, so that it can continue to destroy the pest. Protective measures. When natural enemies occur for a long time, do not apply all-effect insecticides, and try to use other methods to control or avoid the occurrence of natural enemies, so as to play the role of natural enemies in controlling pests.

1. Grass borer: preventive measures: 200-375 ml of pyrethroid insecticide EC or 300-450 ml of 20% pyrethroid EC, and 450-600 kg of water to dilute Qinxian spray; (2) Spray seedlings with trichlorfon powder or insecticide powder, and use 20-25 kg per hectare.

Use 50% phoxanthion EC and 50% pine moth EC 500-1000 times spray.

2. Sunflower leaf miner fly:

Precautionary measures: spraying trichlorfon powder or 2% pine borer powder;

2) Use 90% trichlorfon emulsion spray 1000 times.

3. Black suspicion rock shoot velvet beetle beetle:

Preventive measures: spraying 2% pine borer or 2% Baizhi Tu powder, 15-23 kg per hectare;

2) Use 35% or 50% thiocyclophos emulsifiable concentrate spray 500-800 times;

3) Cut the leafy branches of the elm tree to 60 cm long, soak them in 40% monocrotophos or 50 times the solution for 10 hours, and insert them into the sunflower field after 2 p.m., 200-300 branches per hectare.

4. Mongolian gray weevil: jujube empty.

Precautionary measures: use powder as raw material, use 15-23 kg per hectare, acclimatize 230-300 kg of fine fluvial soil into poisonous soil, mix evenly, and sprinkle around the seedlings;

2) Spray 1200 times of 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate.

<> can be scraped directly when there are fewer pests, it is best if you have a pair of sharp eyes, and you can find pests when they are eggs and remove them in time.

When the disease occurs, you can spray deltamethrin EC or pyrethrin EC, diluted with water and sprayed.

Seedlings can choose trichlorfon powder or insecticide powder for the onset of disease, and sprinkle directly on the bottom of seedlings and soil, 10 15g per plant.

Leaf miner flies are more stubborn, and can be sprayed with Wu Zhiwei Chlorfen Insect Powder or Pine Borer Powder, and sprinkled once every 2 3 days until it is completely removed.

Of course, you can also use spraying to dilute the emulsion of trichlorfon into a 1000 times solution and spray around the plant and leaves.

Is not very familiar with the pests that are very common when cultivating this cavity. When the plant has dead leaves and rotten stems, this pest comes to taste. You can spray the soil surface with pine borer or Baizhi Tu powder, and pay attention to spreading evenly.

Spray with 50% methyl thiocyclophos emulsifiable concentrate solution, apply more insects, and spray directly on pests.

Select elm leaves with leaves, soak them in monocrotophos solution for 10 hours, and then insert them next to sunflowers at 2 p.m., 2 3 per plant. Naturally, the insects did not dare to approach.

The easiest way is to spray dichlorvos solution.

Poison clay. Mix methyl 1605 powder with wet soil and sprinkle it around the plant, and the pests will be poisoned if they come close.

Spray with 500 times solution of methamidophos emulsifiable concentrate, pay attention to spraying evenly when spraying, and spray the back of the leaves.

Sprinkle the soil surface with insecticide powder, 10 15g per plant

1. Powdery mildew.

Symptoms: At the onset of powdery mildew, the leaves begin to produce white round powdery spots, which expand and become a piece, and brown dots appear on the powdery layer, and the plant stops growing.

Prevention and control: After susceptibility, it is necessary to remove diseased leaves and residues in time and burn them in a centralized manner; In the early stage of the disease, it can be sprayed with 500 times of 50% methyl tobuzine wettable powder or treated with the same amount of Bordeaux solution.

2. Black spot disease.

Symptoms: Sunflower can be infected at all stages of growth, there is light brown mold on the lesions, the petiole lesions are round, oval or fusiform, and the lesions are connected into large patches, so that the leaves turn black and die. The disease develops quickly and is very harmful.

Prevention and control: It can be prevented by disinfection of the substrate, reasonable watering, increased air circulation, intermittent spraying of protective fungicides, etc. At the beginning of the disease, the bottom leaves and diseased leaves were sprayed at the same time with 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times or 70 methyl tobuzine wettable powder l000 times, and sprayed twice with an interval of 10 days.

3. Worms. Symptoms: It is one of the most serious pests that damage sunflowers. Between the grains on the flower disc, the moth forms a criss-cross tunnel, and the insect feces and dregs left in the damaged part cause the flower disc to rot. It seriously affects the improvement of sunflower yield and quality.

Control: Choose borer-resistant varieties, which is the most economical and effective measure. The best time for control is during the 1-2 instar (10 days) of larvae, which can be killed with contact agents.

The larvae of the 3rd instar burrow into the kernels to feed on the kernels, and systemic insecticides must be used for control. In the larval occurrence period, about the beginning of August, 90 trichlorfon 500 times can be sprayed, sprayed 2 3 times, and the control effect is very good.

Fourth, list the disease.

Symptoms: Liedang is a flowering parasitic plant, parasitic in the roots of sunflowers to absorb sap, drought and heat are the most harmful.

Prevention: The best way to eradicate Liedang is to shovel and hoe in the field. With 2,4-d butylene aqueous solution, sprayed on the surface of the plant and soil, 300 350 liters of the solution per 667 square meters, 8 12 days later, can kill about 80%.

When the diameter of the sunflower flower disc is generally more than 10 cm, it can be sprayed, otherwise it is easy to cause pesticide damage.

1. Sunflower downy mildew

Measures:

1.Establish a disease-free seed preservation farm. It is strictly forbidden to introduce seeds from epidemic areas, and make every effort to protect disease-free areas.

2.Implement grass crop rotation.

3.Use disease-resistant varieties.

4.Sow at the right time, not too late, with the right density, not too dense. Pull out the diseased plants in the field and spray or water the roots to prevent the disease from spreading.

2. Sunflower gray mold

Sunflower gray mold occurs very widely, the incidence is serious, can cause sunflower stem folding, flower disc and seed kernel rot, the threat to sunflower production is great, the common root rot type, stem rot type, leaf rot type, flower rot type four types, among which root rot type, flower rot type is seriously damaged. Flower rot refers to the damage of the flower disc, the appearance of water-soaked spots on the back of the disc, which turns brown and rots in the later stage, and grows white mycelium, which spreads between the achenes and the fruiting base, forming a black nucleus. Mildly infected flower discs produce small seeds that are dull, have a bitter taste, peel off the epidermis, and most seeds fail to germinate.

Measures:

1.Prevention and control methods: First of all, we should pay attention to the implementation of crop rotation and stubble.

Encourage the rotation of sunflower and grasses such as millet, cereals, and corn, and avoid continuous cropping with leguminous and solanaceae crops. Crop rotation is at least three to five years. At the time of the autumn harvest, remove as much straw as possible, dig out the root stubble, and turn it more than 20 centimeters deeper.

2.Chemical control: treat the seed coating agent at the right time, or soak the seeds with carbendazim wettable powder for three hours; For the prevention and control of blight, quicklime wettable powder can be mixed with an appropriate amount of sand per mu one kilogram, combined with sowing, and the seeds can be evenly sprinkled into the seeder to open a ditch; At the beginning of the field disease, the plant is planted with quicklime or mycorrhizal netting watered with plant root control, and the solution should be applied once every two weeks, at least twice.

3. Sunflower borer

Both adults and larvae of sunflower borers can cause damage, with adults occurring in late June to early July. In early August, the eggs hatch into larvae, feed on seeds, and often bite into many tunnels and spit out wire mesh; When it rains, the flower disc often rots, reducing the yield and quality of the sunflower.

Measures:

1.During the flowering period of sunflowers, trichlorfon is sprayed before the larvae eat the seeds, but it is harmful to the bees, resulting in more empty shells.

2.Biologics, such as BT emulsion diluents, can also be used to spray discs. In areas with serious damage, adults are used as the main prevention, combined with larval control, fumigation with dichlorvos or application of dichlorvos in early July when the adult is in full bloom.