What are the stages of the development of pedagogy? What are the characteristics of each stage?

The first stage: the embryonic stage of the discipline, the main characteristic is that education has not yet differentiated from philosophy, political science, and ethics into independent disciplines.

The second stage: the initial formation stage of the discipline, the main feature is that pedagogy becomes an independent discipline in its original state.

The third stage: the stage of discipline development. Pedagogy is developing in a scientific direction both in the whole and in parts.

The fourth stage: the stage of discipline modernization. With the progress of society, the modernization of production, and the modernization of science and technology, pedagogy has developed in the direction of modernization.

The stages of educational development are as follows:

1. Education in primitive societies.

Education in primitive society is one of the forms of education, which is mainly formed in the primitive society period.

Education in primitive societies has the following characteristics: First, the level of education is low. There is no institutionalized educational institution, education is only carried out in social life (various rituals, etc.) and production (such as hunting, fishing, etc.), the content of education is poor, and the educational methods are mainly imitation in oral transmission and practice; Second, education is classless, and everyone, male or female, has an equal right to education.

2. Education in ancient societies.

Education in ancient societies included education in ancient slave societies and feudal societies.

Its main characteristics are: first, education has a distinct class and hierarchical character, and in the West, it also has a distinct religious character; second, the separation of education from productive labor; Thirdly, education is for the children of a privileged few, and the purpose of education is to cultivate the ruling class on the one hand, and to educate the ruled class religiously, morally or politically on the other hand, to maintain its own rule. Fourth, the main content of education is military knowledge, religious doctrine, and moral knowledge.

3. Education in modern society.

It includes two special forms of education in socialist society and education in capitalist society.

Its characteristics are as follows: First, the ideal and theory of cultivating all-round human beings to move from ideals to reality are the primary basic characteristics of modern education that distinguish it from previous education; Second, the scope, extent, and significance of the integration of education with production and labor are expanding day by day, and the productivity of education is becoming more and more prominent and strengthened. Third, the spirit of science and the spirit of humanity have moved from separation to unity; Fourth, the democratization of education has developed in depth, and the public nature of education has become increasingly prominent.

Education Profile:

Education refers to specially organized school education in a narrow sense; In a broad sense, it refers to social practice activities that affect people's physical and mental development. The word "education" is derived from Mencius's "to get the world's talents and educate them". The Latin word educare is the ** of the Western word "education", which means "to elicit out".

I. The Embryonic Stage of Pedagogy In the slave society and the feudal society, pedagogy was in the embryonic stage of selling hu and had not yet formed an independent discipline. The earliest work that specifically discussed the problem of education was China's "Xueji" during the Warring States Period, which was more than 300 years earlier than the book "On the Education of Orators" written by Kun Tiliang, the earliest foreign educational work.

2. The Emergence and Development of Independent Form Pedagogy In 1632, the Czech educator Comenius wrote the Great Pedagogy, which is the earliest pedagogical work in modern times. Hurlbut inherited Kant's lectures on pedagogy and published General Pedagogy in 1806, the publication of which marked the beginning of pedagogy as an independent discipline.

III. The Development of Pedagogy Since the 20th Century The Expansion of the Field of Pedagogical Problems The Expansion of the Research Basis of Pedagogy The Diversification of Pedagogical Research Paradigms The Further Differentiation and Integration of Pedagogy The Relationship between Pedagogy and Educational Reform The academic exchanges and cooperation in pedagogy have become increasingly close.

Fourth, the stage of theoretical deepening of pedagogy.

EducationThe emergence and development of learning has gone through four stages:The first stage of redundancy: the embryonic stage of the discipline.

The main characteristic is that pedagogy has not yet differentiated from philosophy, political science, and ethics into independent disciplines.

The second stage: the initial formation stage of the discipline.

The main feature is that pedagogy became an independent discipline in its original state.

The third stage: the stage of discipline development.

Pedagogy is developing in a scientific direction both in the whole and in parts.

The fourth stage: the stage of discipline modernization.

With the progress of society, the modernization of Shengheng Lushen production and the modernization of science and technology have promoted the development of education in the direction of modernization.

Scientific basis. After the middle of the 19th century, the emergence of Marxism laid the foundation of dialectical materialist philosophy and natural science for the scientific study of education. The rapid development of modern production, science and technology, and the extensiveness and richness of educational practice have further promoted the development of pedagogy.

The independence of any discipline depends first of all on the fact that it has a specific research object, or that it has a research object that is different from that of other disciplines. The object of study of pedagogy is the phenomena and problems of human education, as well as the general rules and disciplines of education.

Answer]: Pedagogy is a science that has gradually formed and developed with the development of society and the richness of human educational experience, and has gone through four stages. (1) The germ of pedagogy:

The "Xueji" in the pre-Qin period of China is the earliest educational monograph in China and even in the world, and the earliest educational work in the West is considered to be "On the Cultivation of Orators" by the ancient Roman Empire educator Kun Tiliang. 2) The independent form stage of pedagogy: This stage refers to the decomposition of pedagogy from the huge philosophical system, and the initial formation of a primitive form, relatively independent discipline and field.

Comenius's "Great Pedagogy" is the earliest work of pedagogy in modern times, marking the emergence of independent form of pedagogy; The famous German educator Hurlbut's "General Pedagogy" is the first systematic pedagogical work in modern times, and its emergence marks the emergence of pedagogy as an independent discipline. (3) The diversified stage of pedagogy: The 20th century was a century of active and developing pedagogy, and the theories of this stage showed the characteristics of diversification.

For example, experimental pedagogy (representative work Lay's "Experimental Pedagogy"), cultural pedagogy (representative work Sprunger's "Education and Culture"), pragmatist pedagogy, critical pedagogy, Marxist pedagogy, etc. (4) Theoretical deepening stage of pedagogy: In recent decades, pedagogy in various countries has made new developments under the guidance of different ideological systems. Only noisy.