What are the most important risks to pay attention to in foreign trade

The risk of operating foreign trade is much greater than that of domestic **, because there are many different rules from domestic **.

1.Foreign exchange is mandatory. There are many risks in the use of foreign exchange, mainly including the risk of exchange rate changes, the risk of foreign exchange write-off, etc.

2.Foreign exchange instruments must be used. The risk of foreign exchange receipt and payment tools is also very large, such as the risk of using the letter of credit, mainly because there is no professional operation of the letter of credit personnel and the wrong execution of the letter of credit, resulting in the inability to recover the payment, or the recovery of the payment but the loss is very large, the risk of collection and payment, the most occurring situation is that the risk of no one picking up the goods at the port.

3.Regulatory risks of customs, commodity inspection bureaus, foreign exchange administrations, tax bureaus and other ** departments. The policies and regulations of these regulatory authorities are very complex, and if you are not careful, you may violate the regulations, resulting in the risk of not being able to deliver the goods, or the payment for the goods cannot be accounted for.

4.Communication risks caused by cultural differences with foreign buyers. Because foreign trade must use foreign languages as a tool for communication and transactions, due to the cultural differences between buyers and sellers, and national differences, many problems will cause misunderstandings and unexplained risks. Wait a minute.

Before cooperation, don't be deceived and do due diligence on the partner;

In cooperation, the other party should not go out of business, monitor their business conditions, pay attention to business dynamics, and be vigilant at any sign;

After cooperation, if you encounter a problem (the other party does not pay), find a professional to collect the account as soon as possible.

The common risks of foreign trade business are as follows:

1. The shipping specifications and date are inconsistent with the provisions of the contract, resulting in the risk of foreign exchange collection;

2. The risk of receiving foreign exchange is caused by the poor quality of the documents, and after the shipment, the documents submitted to the negotiating bank are not consistent with the documents and documents;

3. The risk caused by the trap clause stipulated in the letter of credit, some letters of credit stipulate that the customer inspection certificate is one of the main documents for negotiation;

4. There is no complete business management system, if the enterprise does not have a complete business management method;

5. The real practice of the first system is that the first party does not advance funds to the entrusting party, and the profit and loss are borne by the entrusting party, and the first party only charges a certain amount of ** fees;

6. The risk caused by the use of D P, D A forward payment method or consignment method, deferred payment method is a forward commercial payment method.

The business process of foreign trade is as follows:

1. In the early stage of foreign trade negotiation, make proforma invoices for **, transaction reference or customer application for import license, etc.;

2. After the transaction is confirmed, make a foreign trade contract;

3. When preparing for delivery, make commercial invoices, packing lists, verification forms, customs declaration forms, and apply for customs clearance forms for export declarations;

4. After customs declaration, the customs returns the verification form, the receipt and verification copy of the customs declaration form, etc.;

5. After delivery and shipment, get the bill of lading;

6. If the payment method is payment by letter of credit, it is necessary to make, apply for and sort out a full set of documents required by the customer, such as invoices, packing lists, commodity inspection certificates, certificates of origin, beneficiary certificates, etc., to collect payment.

7. Handle verification and tax refund with the water bill, verification form, and customs declaration form verification and cancellation form of the foreign exchange collection bank.

The foreign trade business mode is as follows:

1. Reciprocity**: The buyer undertakes to purchase goods or services of the same value from the seller;

2. Exhibition and sales: hold and participate in various international expositions or bazaars held abroad in the country, and concentrate on import and export for a period of time;

3. Processing: processing with incoming materials, assembling with incoming parts, and processing with samples is known as "three to **";

4. Compensation**: The principal and interest of the loan are repaid with the products and services produced. The combination of compensation and processing is often referred to as "three to one supplement";

5. Technology**: technology transfer and technology introduction.

Under normal circumstances, the risk of export foreign exchange collection mainly includes the following six situations:

1. The shipping specifications and dates are inconsistent with the provisions of the contract, resulting in the risk of foreign exchange collection

The exporter fails to deliver the goods in accordance with the contract or letter of credit.

1: The production plant delays work, resulting in late delivery;

2:: Replace the contracted product with a product of similar specifications;

3: The transaction is low, shoddy.

2. The risk of foreign exchange collection caused by the poor quality of documents.

Although it is stipulated that foreign exchange shall be settled by letter of credit and shipped on time and with good quality, after shipment, the documents submitted to the negotiating bank do not conform to each other and the documents are consistent, so that the letter of credit promotes its due protective effect.

At this time, even if the buyer agrees to pay, it pays the expensive international communication fees and non-matching deductions in vain, and the time of foreign exchange collection is greatly delayed, especially for small contracts, there will be a loss after seven deductions.

3. Risks caused by the trap clause stipulated in the letter of credit.

Some letters of credit stipulate that the passenger inspection certificate is one of the main documents for negotiation.

The buyer will grasp the seller's eagerness to ship the goods, deliberately picky, but at the same time put forward various payment possibilities to induce the company to ship. Once the goods are released to the buyer, the buyer is very likely to deliberately inspect the goods for non-conformity, delay payment, or even run out of money and goods.

The letter of credit stipulates that the shipping documents expire abroad within 7 working days after they are issued, etc. Neither the negotiating bank nor the beneficiary can guarantee that this kind of clause will be fulfilled, and it must be carefully verified. Once there is a trap clause, it should be notified and revised in time, and do not be greedy for a while to save trouble, burying hidden risks in the future.

Fourth, there is no complete set of business management system.

Export work involves all aspects, and both ends are outside, which is prone to problems.

If the enterprise does not have a complete business management method, once there is a lawsuit, it will cause a situation where it is reasonable to win, especially for those enterprises that only focus on the best contact.

Secondly, due to the expansion of the company's customer source every year, in order to target the enterprise in the first place, it is necessary to establish a business file for each customer, including creditworthiness, quantity, etc., and screen it year by year to reduce business risks.

Fifth, the risk caused by the operation contrary to the first system.

For the export business, the real practice of the first party is that the first party does not advance funds to the entrusting party, and the profit and loss is borne by the entrusting party, and the first party only charges a certain amount of money.

In practice, this is not the case. The reason is that they have few customers and poor foreign exchange collection ability, and they must strive to complete the target; The second is to want to make more profits, and to think that the cost is less.

6. The use of D P, D A forward payment methods or consignment methods to cause risks.

Deferred payment is a forward commercial payment method that is equivalent to financing concessions to the importer if accepted by the exporter.

Although the issuer voluntarily pays the interest on the deferral, on the surface, only the exporter needs to advance and lend, but in essence, the customer waits for the goods to arrive at the port to check the quantity of the goods. If the market changes and the sales are not smooth, the importer can apply to the bank for refusal of payment.

Some companies release goods to classmates and friends who do business abroad. I thought it was a relationship with the customer, and there was no problem of not being able to collect foreign exchange. Once there is a poor market sales or customer problems, not only the money cannot be recovered, but the goods may not be recovered.

1. The shipping specifications and dates are inconsistent with the provisions of the contract, resulting in the risk of foreign exchange collection

2. The risk of foreign exchange collection caused by the poor quality of documents.

3. Risks caused by the trap clause stipulated in the letter of credit.

Fourth, there is no complete set of business management system.

Fifth, the risk caused by the operation contrary to the first system.

6. The use of D P, D A forward payment methods or consignment methods to cause risks.

Not receiving, that is, the other party deliberately does not receive the goods, lowers the price or waits for the goods to be auctioned;

On the premise of not paying and preventing bill of lading fraud, if the account period is long, it may be a fraud;

Exchange rate risk, the exchange rate fluctuation is too large, and it can be settled by binding a fixed exchange rate or an agreed exchange rate;

Quality and document risks, the contract is clear, the quality inspection should be strict, according to the requirements of the other party, and at the same time keep all relevant documents, do not be set up;

There are still a lot of risks, so let's explore them slowly.

To put it mildly, there are 6 categories:

1. Political risks: the change of regime or the occurrence of wars, civil strife and other problems in the trading country often bring a devastating blow to the country;

2. Country risk: The main impact of economic sanctions on foreign traders includes the difficulty in collecting payment for goods, or even the inability to enter the account;

4. Quality risk: the risk of foreign exchange collection caused by the inconsistency between the product attributes and the contract and the poor quality of the documents;

5. Credit risk: the credit information of the counterparty cannot be obtained in advance, and the information asymmetry leads to the inability to avoid it in advance;

6. Exchange rate risk: RMB continues to appreciate, in addition to the loss caused by foreign exchange settlement, there is also the forced "** rise, less orders".

Foreign trade companies can take the following measures to avoid risks:

1.Choose a reliable partner:

2.Do your market research.

3.Diversified supply and supply chain.

4.Check customer credit regularly.

5.Use a reasonable payment method.

6.Formulate the contract reasonably.

7.Strengthen risk management.

8.Monitor market changes in a timely manner.

9.Build a tight relationship.

10.Train employees on a regular basis.

It should be noted that risks cannot be completely eliminated, and foreign trade companies should continue to assess and monitor risks, and respond flexibly.

Summary. Risk aversion.

Risks in foreign trade transactions are inevitable, and we can take the following ways to avoid risks.

1] When signing export contracts with foreign businessmen, try to choose currencies with rising exchange rates to denominate them, so as to achieve the purpose of avoiding risks.

2] In the case of a relatively weak economic environment, try not to choose import and export, or try to settle in the domestic currency when trading.

3] Reasonable selection of transaction partners.

How to avoid risks for foreign trade enterprises.

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Risk**Risk refers to the advance estimation of the risk that may occur. When we first contact a certain industry or a certain business, there will definitely be a lot of uncertainties in the process of trading. In order to avoid problems, we must collect a lot of information in advance and make a basic prediction of the risks that may arise in the future cooperation process.

Risk transferRisk transfer refers to a way of risk treatment in which risk is transferred to another person or entity through contractual or non-contractual means. The transfer of risk is actually the transfer of the assumption of the loss caused by the risk, and in the international sale of goods, it specifically means that the risk of the goods that should have been borne by the seller is transferred to the buyer at some point. Next, we will mainly talk about how to transfer risk by signing a contract.

Risk avoidanceThe risk in foreign trade transactions is inevitable, and we can take the following ways to avoid risks. 1] When signing export contracts with foreign businessmen, try to choose currencies with rising exchange rates to denominate them, so as to achieve the purpose of avoiding risks. 2] In the case of a relatively weak economic environment, try not to choose import and export, or try to settle in the domestic currency when trading.

3] Reasonable selection of transaction partners.

Risk neutralization refers to a risk treatment method that equalizes the loss opportunity and the profit opportunity of the risk. The means of risk neutralization and common use are mainly divided into forward contracts; Guarantee Contracts; **；Option; There are five types of disclaimers. Foreign trade companies can take different measures to avoid risks according to different transaction situations.

Through these four methods, you can avoid risks, kiss.