How can migratory birds ensure that they don t get lost?

How can migratory birds ensure that they don't get lost?

The jury is still out.

Adcy8, a key gene, is said to determine how birds can migrate without getting lost.

There is a popular belief that birds are born with their migratory habits and ability to discern their journeys. When prehistory enters the fourth season of glaciers.

The climate on Earth is extremely cold, which makes it difficult for birds to forage for food, and birds have to travel long distances periodically in search of food. In this way, year after year, from generation to generation, after a long evolutionary process, various migratory habits are recorded in their genetic code, and then passed on from generation to generation.

Some scientists believe that migratory birds will observe the terrain along the way, mark them, and then rely on familiar targets to determine their routes on the way back and forth, just like us humans do in the wilderness. However, some scholars have asked how these migratory birds find their original signs after a winter of snow and ice. Stump these marks will not be destroyed?

Obviously, the problem is not so simple.

Some scientists have tried to explain the animal's long-distance travel as an animal's sixth sense.

The same is true for migratory birds, who travel back and forth between the north and the south with their sixth sense. However, even the sixth sense of human beings does not appear all the time, so why do birds have such an accurate sixth sense?

Other scientists have suggested that migratory birds may have a biological clock that can accurately calculate the displacement of the sun.

It can be oriented by using the sun during the day and the stars at night. But on a cloudy day.

Or on a starless night, some migratory birds can still fly normally, which is undoubtedly a rejection of this view.

Migratory birds migrate every year. ......Moreover, migratory birds migrate more than once a year.

During the migration of birds, they have to go through a long journey. ......During their long migration journeys, migratory birds have unique ways to ensure that they don't get lost.

Specifically, there are several ways for migratory birds to ensure that they don't get lost during their migration:

1. Experienced bird leader.

For birds that migrate en masse, they are led by experienced birds.

These birds have gone through many migrations and have a deep memory of the migration route, so they will not get lost. ......It is under the guidance of these experienced birds that the birds complete their migration.

2. Judge the orientation according to the topography.

Birds migrate through many places. ......These places have unique geomorphological features.

When birds migrate, they rely on observing the geomorphological characteristics of the places they pass through to determine their own position, and then determine the migration route.

3. Use the geomagnetic field to determine the bearing.

Birds are said to possess the ability to sense magnetic fields.

As a result, birds use this ability to migrate when they are migrating.

The above methods can ensure that the birds do not get lost during the migration.

Because different birds have different abilities, different species of birds take different ways.

However, after years of accumulation, these perennial migratory birds have formed their own unique methods of judging their location and migration routes, which can ensure that they do not get lost during the migration process and reach their destination accurately.

Migratory birds do not get lost, because migratory birds have a special magnetic navigation system, which can make judgments and positioning on the changes, angles and tilts of the earth's magnetic field, so as to achieve thousands of kilometers of migration without getting lost, from the place of birth to the living area and back to the place of birth.

The unique magnetic navigation ability of migratory birds provides a guarantee for migratory birds not to get lost during long-distance migration. Zoologists and migratory bird research scholars, research on various migratory bird habits and a large number of practices have proved that migratory birds do have magnetic navigation ability that is unknown to humans.

As the north and south poles of the earth change, the migration sites of migratory birds will also change.

A new study in the journal Science reveals how birds navigate back to their breeding grounds after flying over two continents. Magnetic information seems to play a key role.

The information extracted from the Earth's magnetic field tells birds when and when to stop migrating. This trick allows them to precisely target the same breeding colony year after year, thousands of kilometers away.

As the Earth's magnetic field moves slightly, so does the place where the birds return, suggesting that the birds call moving magnetic targets home. Migratory birds do not get lost during long-distance migration, which is guaranteed by magnetic fields.

1) Migratory birds. There are also several types of migratory birds. Breeding in a certain area in the summer and flying to the warmer regions of the south for the winter in the fall, this migratory bird is called the summer migratory bird of the region.

Taking Chongming Dongtan as an example, bearded gulls, cattle egrets, little egrets and other birds arrive from mid-May to late July, and are the summer migratory birds of Chongming Dongtan.

Birds that spend the winter in a certain area, fly north to breed in the spring of the following year, and then come here to winter in the autumn are called winter migratory birds in this area. Also taking Chongming Dongtan as an example, pintail ducks, little swans, and white-headed cranes arrive from mid-November to late March of the following year, and belong to winter migratory birds.

It is not difficult to find that both summer and winter migratory birds are relative, and the same bird is a summer migratory bird in one area and a winter migratory bird in another area.

Migratory birds that do not breed or winter here but pass through here during their migration are migratory birds of the area. If certain birds stay in their habitat all year round, they are called resident birds. For example, magpies, ring-necked pheasants, etc., their activities are always limited to local areas and do not have migratory habits.

2) Lost birds.

Some birds occasionally deviate from their migration paths or habitats and appear in unexpected places, such birds are called lost birds, such as the American crane occasionally seen in Yunnan, the Egyptian goose occasionally seen in Beijing, and so on. Most of the birds come to other places due to bad weather, but there may also be other natural reasons.

2. Why do migratory birds migrate?

Migration is a dangerous adventure, in addition to exerting a lot of physical strength, it also faces the test of food and bad weather. So, why do migratory birds still migrate?

First of all, birds naturally look for suitable places for breeding and wintering because of their survival needs. In summer, the north has abundant water and grass, insects are abundant, birds can get enough food, and longer light hours are also conducive to the growth of chicks. In contrast, the southern region is either humid and rainy, or hot and arid, making it unsuitable for nesting.

Therefore, in the summer, the north is the best place for birds to breed. In winter, when the north is icy and snowy, food is scarce, and the living conditions are poor, the south has become the best choice for wintering.

Many migratory birds do not seem to understand the principle that "the shortest straight line between two points" does not take a straight line when migrating, but takes a detour. This is most likely due to the fact that continental drift has changed the geographical distribution of destinations, while birds still follow their migratory instincts and return to their original places. Of course, it is also possible to make the most of the wind and thus save energy.

Some migratory birds migrate very long distances, even across many countries or continents. So, how do they navigate with precision and complete long journeys without getting lost?

Different birds have different methods of navigation. Some rely on mountains, rivers, sun, moon, stars, and landmarks for orientation—that is, by sight; Some rely on the geomagnetic field for orientation. Of course, there are also birds that use multiple navigation methods at the same time.

After solving the two major problems of route and navigation, all that remains is to start the journey with your friends in groups. Migration in groups has many benefits, such as easier predator spotting, and experienced birds can take on the task of finding food and water for the whole group. If the geese are arranged in a "human" shape like when they migrate, the birds in the back can also make full use of the air flow generated by the leader bird, saving energy.

Normally, they have experienced old birds to ensure that they do not get lost, based on memories and the sun, etc. At this time of year, they will fly to last year's migration destination under the guidance of the old birds, which is very powerful.

Birds are amazing creatures.

In order to provide a more suitable living environment for migratory birds and other wild animals, the city has taken into account the needs of wild animals for eating, drinking, sheltering and traveling in the construction of gardens, so as to continuously improve biodiversity. According to the relevant person in charge of the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Landscaping and Landscaping, a new round of afforestation and greening construction of one million mu started in 2018 proposes to reshape the urban ecological environment, improve the ecological function of woodland and green space, and highlight the concept of "near nature". At the same time, we should pay attention to ecological functions and biodiversity, make overall plans for "habitat protection" and wildlife habitat construction, and build a "Benjieshi pile" for every 1,000 acres of plain plots.

It is reported that the "Benjieshi pile" is made of stones, branches, leaves, etc., piled together, and filled with soil mixed with native plant seeds. The soil in the center is responsible for the native plants to thrive, while the dry branches and rocks on the outside allow small wildlife to nest underneath and protect the roots from being eaten. In this way, the "Benjess pile" can continuously provide fresh food for herbivores, attracting animals to make their home in the woodland.

There are more than 500 species of wild birds in Beijing.

According to the relevant person in charge of the Municipal Landscaping Bureau, since the establishment of Songshan and Baihuashan Nature Reserves in Beijing in 1985, through nearly 40 years of efforts, 79 nature reserves at all levels such as forest parks, wetland parks, geological parks, and scenic spots have been built, with a total area of 10,000 hectares, accounting for about 22% of the area of Beijing, forming a spatial pattern of biodiversity reserves based on nature reserves and supplemented by various natural parks, making 90% of the city The above national and local key wild animals and plants and habitats have been effectively protected. In addition, the city has also set up protected areas and protection areas for key protected birds such as black storks and brown pheasants, and more than 100 fixed populations have been formed in the concentrated living area of Fangshan Shidu black stork.

Winter and spring pass, and the rest go to the north. Migratory bird migration is a beautiful scenery of nature. The Arctic is home to millions of migratory birds.

They migrate south each autumn to winter at lower latitudes, and the migration path of migratory birds has been largely stable for several years. So how do migratory birds remember their migration routes? What are the factors influencing migratory bird migration routes?

To track the migration, the researchers installed satellite remote sensing trackers on a total of 56 falcons in six regions near the Arctic Circle, ensuring 150 complete migration routes. All groups exhibited a high degree of migratory connectivity, suggesting that P. matsuflora had a long-term memory of routes. Through the analysis of migratory distances, the researchers divided the falcon population into a western short-distance group and an eastern long-distance group.

When did the short-range and long-range populations diverge? Statistical analysis and computer simulations were carried out in combination with historical global climate data. The results showed that the changes in suitable habitats caused by glacial changes were closely related to the changes in the abundance and distribution of P. pine.

The migratory route of the pine bone plum changed dramatically from the last ice age to the middle Holocene, resulting in the formation of a long migratory group.

The migratory bird migration routes are as follows:

1. The "Atlantic Migration Line" that connects Western Europe, eastern North America and the West African panhandle across the entire Atlantic Ocean.

2. The "Black Sea-Mediterranean Migration Line" connecting Eastern Europe and West Africa.

3. The "East Africa-West Asia Migration Route" that crosses the Indian Ocean and connects West Asia and East Africa.

4. The "Central Asian Migration Route" that crosses the entire Asian continent from south to north.

5. Straddling the Indian Ocean, the Arctic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, connecting East Asia and the Australian continent, the "East Asian-Australian Lee Return to West Asia Migration Route".

6. The "America-Pacific Migration Route" that runs through the entire Pacific coast of North and South America.

7. The "America-Mississippi Migration Route" that runs through the entire central and western parts of North and South America.

8. The "America-Atlantic Migration Line" that connects the entire eastern part of South and North America.

9. Pacific Rim Migration Line.

Overview of migratory birds

Migratory birds are a kind of birds that migrate periodically with the grinding season. In the process of migration, migratory birds will definitely have physical energy consumption, and if there is consumption, they must be replenished, otherwise they will be tired and cry before they reach their destination. Most migratory birds choose to travel at night, and during the day they find a suitable place to rest and recuperate during the migration and avoid the nuisance of predators.

These migration routes, their own chosen supply stations, and the places where some wide-sided migrating birds are forced to make narrow migrations due to natural factors are known as bird paths. There are many such bird paths in China, and the protection of bird paths is also an important part of the conservation of wild birds.

Migratory birds usually fly along a fixed route when migrating, so scientists speculate that migratory birds from Siberia and northern China are likely to have three migration routes: the western migration route, the central migration route and the eastern migration route.

1. The Western Migration Route

Migratory birds from western Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and Ningxia migrate south in autumn to winter in the western Sichuan Basin and the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. Wetland waterbirds in Xinjiang can flow southeast into the western migration route.

2. The Central Migration Route

Migratory birds that breed in the grasslands of eastern and central Inner Mongolia, western North China and Shaanxi Province winterize in the Sichuan Basin in autumn, or continue to winter in central China or further south.

3. The Eastern Migration Route.

Wetland waterbirds that breed in Russia, Japan, the Korean Peninsula and Northeast China and the eastern part of North China migrate north-south through the eastern coastal areas of China in spring and autumn.

Reasons for migratory bird migration:

Migratory birds are birds that migrate periodically with different seasons. Many birds migrate seasonally along latitudes, breeding in temperate regions at higher latitudes in the summer and wintering in the lower tropics.

The migration of migratory birds is an instinct, an adaptive behavior of birds to the periodic changes of environmental factors. Seasonal changes in climate are the main cause of migratory bird migration, with food shortages often occurring during the northern winter and tropical dry seasons, forcing some individuals of the bird population to migrate to areas where food is abundant.