What kind of life did the peasants live in feudal China?

The peasants of China's feudal society lived a life of poverty and hardship and slavery. They were bound to the feudal system, had no personal freedom, the landlords had the right to beat and even kill the peasants at will, and the peasants had no political rights.

In feudal society, the peasants were the basic class that created wealth and culture, but they lived in great poverty. Only during the Chinese New Year can they eat "white staple foods" such as hulled white rice or rice noodles, somen noodles, etc., while in normal times, they can only eat bran vegetables. In the ordinary peasant families of the feudal society, only during the Chinese New Year can the family members taste the taste of meat, and if they are lucky, they may also go to the river to catch some small fish and shrimp for snacks.

In addition, the main contradiction in feudal society was the contradiction between the peasant class and the landlord class, and due to the brutal exploitation and oppression of the landlord class, the peasants had to stage several uprisings to resist the rule of the landlord class.

What kind of life did the peasants live in feudal China? Life is very hard, some beads are handed over and eaten without the next meal, and life is not full of food and clothing for a day. Life is very hard.

They are bound by feudal superstition, so the life of the common people is very hard, and we are now living very happily and feeling the people.

At present, the rural areas practice a land responsibility contract system, and the peasants only have the right to use but not ownership. Feudal land tenure was owned by private individuals.

The biggest difference between the peasants and the modern peasants in the feudal society is that in the past, the taxes and miscellaneous taxes were particularly heavy, and the peasants could not eat much for themselves after working hard all year round, and most of the rest were collected by the exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous taxes.

In a year with bad weather, it may be even more miserable, and the fields that you have worked hard to plant, but in the end you can't eat enough.

And now the farmers are all mechanized, and the farming state will give subsidies, not only do not say, but will make money, this is the biggest difference.

1. Tian Fu

The field tax is an agricultural tax levied according to the amount of land owned by the peasants. It was also an important tax item in the agricultural tax of the Han Dynasty.

It should be noted that in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, the turmoil at the end of the Qin Dynasty left a scene full of devastation, and agricultural production was greatly damaged: the land was abandoned and sparse, and the peasants either died in the war or were displaced. In order to restore the economy, the rulers of the Western Han Dynasty reduced the proportion of peasants' land contributions, which basically became customized.

2. Calculation

In 202 BC, "the beginning was the calculation of the fu", stipulating that the people were over 15 years old and under the age of 56 to pay the calculation tax, 120 yuan per person per year.

3. Oral endowment

The oral levy is a poll tax levied on children between the ages of 7 and 14 at 20 cents per person per year. In the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, in order to scrape money to support the military affairs of the Quartet, build palaces, worship and seal Zen and other things, and "when Emperor Wu, take more good women to thousands of people to fill the harem", so the Western Han Dynasty ** advanced the age of oral levy to 3 years old, and increased to 23 yuan per person per year.

Chinese Agriculture. In ancient China's feudal society, the small-scale peasant economy was dominant, and "male ploughing and female weaving" was a habitual living condition for every household. Since the late Warring States period, people have mastered the basic techniques of intensive farming, and they have been able to become self-sufficient through farming.

Agricultural development is the direct supply of food, only when the yield per mu is high enough and there is enough food, can the people have more choices for food. According to scholars' statistics, during the Han Dynasty, the yield per mu cultivated by farmers had reached between 140 and 150 catties.

Although this small number is not so remarkable in today's science and technology so developed, it is known how powerful it is by comparing it with the yield per mu of other countries in the world.

Answer: The peasants in the feudal society were slaves, because the feudal society was a slave system, the rich were the slave owners, and the peasants who worked were the slaves who suffered hardships.

In the long feudal society, the system of the four peoples ran throughout. The so-called Four Peoples refers to the four types of citizens of ancient China, namely scholars, farmers, industrialists, and merchants, in addition to this, there are also many "untouchables", who are lower than the four peoples, and are classified as "untouchables". The four people are the basic division of the civilian occupation in ancient China, and it is also the general name of the people of the country, so to speak, the four people are the cornerstone of the country.

However, there are many types of occupations, so why did the ancient Chinese social class divide the common people into scholars, farmers, and merchants?

In ancient times, the so-called four people referred to those who were officials, farmers, workers, and merchants. The term "four people" first appeared in "Guanzi", and its text said: "The four people of Shinong, industry and commerce, the stone people of the country."

Gu Yanwu, a beginner in the late Ming and Qing dynasties, said in the "Daily Knowledge": "Shinong Industry and Commerce are called the four people, and its saying begins with pipes.

In ancient China, the ruling class divided the people into four classes, namely "scholars, peasants, and industrialists", and in feudal society, the status of merchants has always been at the very end.

Shi: It refers to scholars, scholars. Scholars had the opportunity to become officials and become the ruling class, so the scholars were ranked first.

Nong: China has been a big agricultural country since ancient times, and most of the common people are peasants, and most of the wealth of the ruling class comes from the taxes paid by the peasants, so the rulers will encourage the common people to farm, and the status of the peasants will naturally be higher.

Work: refers to hundreds of workers, that is, those who do technical work. These people are not directly involved in food production, but in many places they are inseparable. For example, making clothes, ceramics and so on.

Shang: Refers to businessmen. In the eyes of ancient scholars, merchants were speculators who could not bring real value to society, so their status was low.

There should be three reasons for the ranking of the four statuses:

OneEconomic reasons

China is a big agricultural country, even now. The small peasant economy in feudal society was self-sufficient, but the merchants could not produce more social value, and were regarded as opportunistic and unpopular.

IIPolitical reasons

Feudal society is a centralized system, and it is only the ruling class that has great wealth, while businessmen use unique means to gather more wealth and enjoy the same as the ruling class, which is naturally not recognized by the ruling class. At the same time, the development of commerce will lead to more people engaged in commodity economic activities, which will greatly reduce the labor force engaged in production, and make the fields barren, so that they will be suppressed by the ruling class.

IIICultural reasons

The Chinese nation has always been a nation that pays attention to blood kinship and patriarchal system, with a strict ethical and cultural order, and the self-sufficient small-scale peasant economy requires an ethical culture of "evenness", while the commercial economy will inevitably lead to polarization, which always threatens the equal, quiet and stagnant life ethics of the small-scale peasant society. Only by adopting a policy of "valuing agriculture and suppressing business" can calm be maintained, which is in line with the demands of the ruling class and society.

Agriculture is a source of national prosperity and strength, and a symbol of national prosperity. Agricultural development provided raw materials and markets for the development of handicrafts and commerce. Agriculture also provided the material basis for the war.

Peasant life.

Most people in ancient China were peasants. Although the food they provide to other Chinese is respected, they live a difficult and difficult life.

The typical farmer lives in a small village of about 100 families. They run small family farms. Although they have plows and sometimes use animals such as dogs and cows to do the work, most of the work is done by hand.

Work for **.

Farmers must work for about one month a year. They served in the military or were involved in construction projects such as canals, palaces, and city walls. Farmers must also pay a percentage of the crop tax to **.

FoodThe kind of food people eat depends on where they live. The main crop in the north is millet, and the main crop in the south is rice. Eventually, rice became the main staple food in much of the country.

Farmers also raise animals such as goats, pigs, and chickens. People who live near the river also eat fish.

City life. The lives of people living in cities are very different. People in the city work in a variety of jobs, including merchants, artisans, ****, and scholars. Many cities in ancient China were large, with some cities with a combined population of hundreds of thousands.

The cities of China are surrounded by terrible walls made of mounds of earth. Every night, the gates were locked, and no one was allowed to enter or leave the city after dark.

Family life. This Chinese family is ruled by the father of this house. His wife and children must obey him in everything. Women generally take care of household chores and raise children. The marriage partner is determined by the parents, and the child's preference for marriage has little influence on the parents' choice.

A large part of Chinese family life is respect for elders. Children of all ages, even adults, must respect their parents. This respect exists even after the person dies.

Chinese often pray to their ancestors and offer sacrifices to them. Respecting the elders is also part of religious Confucianism.

School In ancient China, only wealthy boys went to school. They learned to write with calligraphy. They also studied the teachings of Confucius and studied poetry. These are all important skills of **** and nobles.

Women's lives. The lives of women in ancient China were particularly difficult. They are considered to be much less valuable than men. Sometimes, when a baby girl is born, she is sent outside to die if the family does not want it.

This is considered acceptable in their society. Women have no say in who they will marry.