Why is the temperature at the top of the mountain much lower than the temperature on the plain?

The atmosphere is like a blanket that envelops the whole earth evenly, making it seem as if it were in a greenhouse. The scorching sun during the day emits intense short-wave radiation, which the atmosphere allows to pass through and reach the earth's surface, warming the surface. At night, there is no solar radiation, and heat is radiated outward from the Earth's surface.

Because the surface temperature is not high, the radiation is dominated by long-wave radiation, and these long-wave radiation is precisely what the atmosphere does not allow to pass through, so the surface heat will not be lost too much, and the surface temperature will not drop too low. In this way, the atmosphere plays the role of regulating the temperature of the earth's surface. This effect is the thermal insulation effect of the atmosphere.

In high mountains, the clouds are thinner, so this effect is a little weaker.

The temperature is mainly due to the inverse radiation of the atmosphere, the air reflects the long-wave radiation of the ground, and the air on the top of the mountain is thin and reflects less radiation from the ground, so it is cold.

The temperature on the mountain t=28, the temperature of 300m on the mountain is enough, and the temperature at xm on the mountain can be calculated using that formula.

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First of all, the problem is the temperature, most of the earth's absorption of sunlight energy is completed near the surface, and part of it is converted into organic matter by green plant photosynthesis, and heat energy is released again in the process of organic matter consumption; Some are directly absorbed and released by the surface and ocean; Partially reflected back into space. Therefore, the heat energy is first concentrated near the earth's surface and is stored in the air.

Due to the presence of convective motion, when a mass of air rises in the atmosphere, the pressure it receives from the surrounding atmosphere gradually decreases, and its volume expands accordingly. According to the principle of thermodynamics, the expansion of a gas lowers its temperature. For dry air, regardless of the height at which it is located, the actual expansion process that occurs when the air mass rises is similar to adiabatic expansion due to the weak heat conduction of air.

If there is no external heat input, its temperature will drop by about 1°C for every 100 meters it rises.

As a high mountain, there is not much sunlight that I receive. With the increase of altitude, the air temperature near the mountain naturally drops, although the mountain itself can absorb part of the solar energy and convert it into heat, but the surface cover of the mountain is scarce, and the surface heat cannot be preserved under the convective air, and the absorbed heat energy can not have a great impact on the air temperature at the same altitude, so the principle of temperature decrease with the rise of altitude is naturally maintained.

In general, as the altitude increases, the temperature gradually decreases, decreasing by degrees Celsius for every 100 meters of elevation.

Geothermal heat is emitted from the interior of the earth, and the high mountains are high in altitude and far from the ground, absorbing less heat.

The air close to the ground radiates heat from the ground to it, and because the high mountains are far from the ground, the radiant energy is low and the temperature is low.

The temperature decreases with altitude, and the higher the altitude, the thinner the air

The temperature of the atmosphere is directly related to the ground, because the atmosphere is mainly warmed by absorbing the long-wave radiation of the ground, and the short-wave radiation of the sun is less absorbed, so the higher the farther away from the ground, the less ground radiation is obtained, and the lower the temperature, at the same time, the atmosphere on the top of the mountain is thin, the heat loss is more, and the wind at high altitude is strong, and the heat exchange between the surrounding air is strong.

As for the temperature, remember: for every 100 meters of altitude gain, the temperature drops by degrees Celsius.

Plateau. Because the plateau is inhabited and there is a heat source on the ground, the temperature will be higher than in the plains at the same altitude.