Greetings to the masters of history! Ask for a master of history!! Hurry!!

I think the first few brothers are already in place, so I won't talk about it.

3.(1) Issued by the state in a unified manner, it has more credibility, a wider range of use areas, more exquisite printing, anti-counterfeiting technology, and is not easy to imitate. (2) The issuance management of banknotes is more scientific.

4. Economic and cultural development. The prosperity and development of China's ancient commodity economy, the wisdom and hard work of the ancient working people, and so on.

1. Engraving printing.

2. Because the commerce was very prosperous at that time, paper money was easy to carry, and the emergence of paper money promoted the birth of the current currency and bills of exchange, laying the foundation for the globalization of the world.

3. Today's banknotes have increased anti-counterfeiting functions and wear resistance, and have completely replaced other currencies.

4. There is no diagram.

1. Movable type printing.

2. Metal money is too bulky and inconvenient to carry, paper money is more convenient to carry than metal money, and can be circulated in a wide range without appearing troublesome. The emergence of paper money was conducive to commercial exchanges and the development of the commodity economy.

3. The current currency is issued by the state, with high creditworthiness, and the banknote printing technology is more superb, 4, I don't know what **.

1. Engraving printing.

2. Easy to carry and easy to circulate; It greatly promotes the circulation of goods.

3 The pattern is more exquisite, and a variety of anti-counterfeiting technologies are applied. There has been a significant improvement in the security of circulation.

4 Sichuan. I don't know the specifics,

1. Engraving printing.

2. Banknotes are easy to carry, and you can take a ton of copper coins to go shopping.

3 This is issued by the state in a unified manner.

4 no picture.

Haha, that's the Middle Ages, just look at 1500-1850.

1. Cold War; the introduction of the Truman Doctrine; curbing the growth of socialist and communist forces, led by the Soviet Union; "The Truman Doctrine", Global Expansion, All-Out Cold War (Manifesto); "The Marshall Plan", capitalism stabilizes Europe, controls Europe; The NATO bloc was formed; the establishment of NATO and the Warsaw Pact; The Soviet Union collapsed at the end of 1991.

2. It marks the first time that the United States has publicly announced the "Cold War" as a national policy;

The economic assistance and reconstruction of Western Europe, which had been devastated by the war, had a profound impact on the post-World War II world pattern, especially the political and economic pattern of Europe.

3. Versailles-Washington system; the Treaty of Versailles, the Pact of Nine Nations; bipolar pattern; Yalta Conference; The confrontation between the two blocs of NATO's Warsaw Pact has formed; The collapse of the Soviet Union.

3. Development of industry with the help of private and foreign capital; priority is given to the development of heavy industry; promulgation of the National Industrial Revitalization Law;

countries signed the Declaration of the United Nations in Washington; Fascism is against the tide of history, and although it can run rampant for a while, it cannot avoid eventual defeat; The Truman Doctrine was introduced; Think about it for yourself, it should be something like there are no permanent friends, only permanent interests.

2. 1b2a3c4c

III.1 One of the major changes in Lenin's thinking on building socialism was the shift from the policy of war communism to the implementation of the new economic policy.

2. Intervention in the market economy, not unrestrained laissez-faire market economy, but intervention in the visible "hand" and free economy, the invisible "hand" to jointly support the healthy and stable development of the market, so that the United States can be reborn and prosperous.

3. The goal of China's economic structural reform is to establish a socialist market economic system.

4. The economy will be restored and developed, the society will be stabilized, the political power will be consolidated, and the people's living standards will be improved.

5. The economic foundation determines the superstructure, and if you want the country to develop, you must first ensure the stability of the country's economy and the prosperity of the people's lives, and so on

3. Denationalize industry and expand the autonomy of enterprises. Development of heavy industry. Adaptation to industry.

It's time to change the phone, this pixel, there is nothing you can do.

The four major grottoes refer to the giant grotto art landscape featuring Chinese Buddhist culture, including: Dunhuang-Mogao Grottoes, Datong-Yungang Grottoes, Luoyang-Longmen Grottoes, and Tianshui-Maijishan Grottoes. It is a historical treasure of ancient Chinese culture and art.

Ancient Chinese culture is splendid and has a history of more than 5,000 years, and grotto art is a wonderful flower in ancient culture and occupies a very important position. It is widely distributed and reflects the Buddhist art of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Sui and Tang dynasties in China. The main grottoes in China are the Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu, the Maijishan Grottoes in Tianshui, the Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi, the Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, Henan, the Dazu Grottoes in Sichuan, the Leshan Giant Buddha, etc.

They are carved and painted along the mountain, the image is vivid and natural, and has extremely high artistic value and research value. Although the grotto art in China is different in time and region, the basic characteristics they show are the same.

I think it makes sense, because the Dunhuang Grottoes are a masterpiece of the heyday of Buddhism, and its splendor represents the development of that era. There are also Yungang Grottoes in Chongqing.

Datong - Yungang Grottoes, Luoyang - Longmen Grottoes, Tianshui - Maijishan Grottoes.

In the autumn of the first year of Jingde (1004), Empress Dowager Xiao and Liao Shengzong personally commanded 200,000 troops, and in the name of recovering the lost territory in southern Hebei, they concentrated their troops to advance south and attacked the Song Dynasty. In October, the Song army defeated the Khitan army at Shuozhou (present-day Shuoxian, Shanxi). Empress Dowager Xiao attacked Yingzhou (present-day Hejian, Hebei) and was defeated by the Song army.

The Khitan army lost more than 30,000 people. Despite repeated defeats, the Khitan was unwilling to give up. In November, the Khitan moved south and threatened Lanzhou (now Puyang, Henan).

When the news came, the capital was in an uproar, the government and the opposition were shocked, and the people were flustered. Prime Minister Kou Zhun advocated fighting hard, preferably in person, to boost morale. Strongly persuade Song Zhenzong:

Only the foot can be advanced, not the inch can be retreated". Song Zhenzong stubbornly led the army to Lanzhou. When the soldiers in front heard that the emperor was coming in person, they suddenly felt a great boost in morale and set up an ambush to kill the enemy.

As soon as the Liao army arrived in the territory of Shanzhou, the Liao army's forward commander was shot by the Song army with a crossbow. Before the two sides had a big battle, the Liao army first dismantled a general, and morale was greatly reduced. By the time Song Zhenzong arrived in Lanzhou, the Song and Liao armies were already in a situation of impasse for the time being.

After Song Zhenzong arrived in Lanzhou, he sought peace. In 1005, a peace treaty was signed on the front line of Shanzhou. It is known as the "Alliance of the Abyss".

The Song-Liao War ended.

From the point of view of maintaining the stability of bilateral relations and developing the economy, the alliance of Lanzhou has played an extremely positive role. From 1004 to 1125, the Liao State never attacked the Northern Song Dynasty again (before the Liao Dynasty fell to the Song Dynasty, the Song Dynasty took advantage of the fire to rob and attack the Song Dynasty), especially after the rise of the Western Xia, without the "Lanzhou Alliance" The Northern Song Dynasty had to fight on two fronts, and the annual 30-50w year coin was insignificant to the powerful Jijing of the Northern Song Dynasty.

Of course, the alliance of Lanzhou must have been an alliance under the city, or an unequal treaty signed under a favorable military situation. The national policy of the Northern Song Dynasty has caused the inertia of "Liaophobia" and "Xiaphobia", and has also planted the bane of being exterminated by foreign races.

1. From the point of view of casting technology, the round square hole money of the Qin Dynasty was cast by hand, and the texture was relatively rough, while the latter was manufactured by machinery and equipment, and the workmanship was excellent.

2. From the perspective of the function, the circular square hole of the Qin Dynasty unified the chaotic currency since the Warring States Period, which is conducive to the unification of the country and the development of the economy, and has important significance in the history of ancient Chinese currency.

In 1900, the emergence and promotion of Guangxu Tongbao copper round coins, replacing standard coins with new copper yuan is a major reform of traditional coins, and the relative unity of coins is conducive to the development of tax revenue and private trade and economic activities, marking the beginning of China's currency from ancient times to modern times.