Briefly describe the difference between disinfection and sterilization? What is the difference betwe

Disinfection refers to the application of disinfectants and other methods to kill pathogenic bacterial nutrients on the surface and inside of objects, but not necessarily to kill bacterial spores.

Sterilization refers to the physical (high temperature and high pressure) or chemical methods to kill all microorganisms, including pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms and spores.

Sterilization is more thorough. Sterilization is mainly used in the food industry and in the pharmaceutical field.

Methods of disinfection, sterilization.

1) Physical disinfection and sterilization method is a method that uses physical factors to kill microorganisms. Including thermal disinfection sterilization, radiation disinfection, air purification, ultrasonic disinfection and microwave disinfection, etc.

2) Chemical disinfection and sterilization method uses chemical drugs to penetrate the body of bacteria, so that bacterial proteins are coagulated and denatured, interfere with the activity of bacterial enzymes, inhibit bacterial metabolism and growth or damage the structure of cell membranes, change their permeability, destroy their physiological functions, etc., so as to play a role in disinfection and sterilization. The drugs used are called chemical disinfectants. Some drugs have a strong ability to kill microorganisms and can achieve sterilization, also known as sterilants.

This method can be used for items that are not suitable for physical disinfection and sterilization and resistant to moisture, such as sharp metals, knives, scissors, stitches and optical instruments (gastroscopes, cystoscopes, etc.) and mucous membranes, patient secretions, excrements, and room air.

Common disinfectants: Xinjieerzi, also known as benzalkonium bromide ammonium benzyl benzyl alkane bromide, is white or light yellow colloidal or powder at room temperature, and may gradually form a waxy solid at low temperature, with an aromatic odor, but the taste is extremely bitter. When the aqueous solution is shaken, a large amount of foam is generated; It has heat resistance and can be stored for a long time without reducing the effect.

First, the level of processing required is different. Disinfection only requires killing or eliminating disease-causing microorganisms so that their numbers are reduced to the point that they can no longer cause illness in humans. Sterilization requires not only the killing or elimination of pathogenic microorganisms, but also the killing or elimination of all microorganisms, including non-pathogenic microorganisms.

In short, disinfection only requires the place and items to reach a harmless level, while sterilization requires that there is no live bacteria.

Second, the treatment methods used by the two are different. Compared with sterilization, sterilization is more demanding and more difficult to handle. Sterilization must use a physical method or chemical disinfectant that can kill the most resistant microorganisms (bacterial spores), while disinfection only needs to use a physical method, chemical disinfectant or biological disinfectant with a certain bactericidal effect.

The use of sterilization treatment methods for disinfection is not only unnecessary to kill chickens with cattle knives, but also produces *** that could not have happened; However, if the sterilization treatment method is used for sterilization, it will lead to sterilization failure.

Thirdly, the place of application and the items handled are also different. Sterilization is mainly used to deal with the diagnosis and treatment supplies and industrial products that need to be sterilized in the hospital, and disinfection is used to deal with items in daily life and workplaces, and is also used for the treatment of general places and items in hospitals.

1. The concept is different.

Disinfection refers to the method of killing pathogenic microorganisms, but not necessarily bacterial spores.

Sterilization is a measure that uses strong physical and chemical factors to make all microorganisms inside and outside any object permanently lose their ability to grow and reproduce.

2. The method is different.

There are physical, chemical and biological methods of disinfection. For example, mechanical disinfection in the physical disinfection method is generally washed with soap and rinsed with running water, which can eliminate most or even all of the bacteria on the hands, and the use of multi-layer masks can prevent pathogens from excreting or invading the respiratory tract. The use of ventilation filters can protect the air in operating rooms, laboratories and isolation rooms to protect the sterile state.

Sterilization includes heat sterilization, dry heat sterilization, moist heat sterilization, batch sterilization, radiation sterilization, osmotic sterilization, chemical reagent sterilization, etc.

3. The purpose is different.

The purpose of disinfection is to prevent the spread of pathogens to society.

Sterilization to achieve a sterility assurance level. After sterilization, the items that are not contaminated are called sterile articles. The area that is not contaminated after the sterilization process is called the sterile area.

Encyclopedia - Sterilization.

Hello first, the level of processing required by the two is different. Disinfection only requires killing or eliminating disease-causing microorganisms so that their numbers are reduced to the point that they can no longer cause illness in humans. Sterilization requires not only the killing or elimination of pathogenic microorganisms, but also the killing or elimination of all microorganisms, including non-pathogenic microorganisms.

In short, disinfection only requires the place and items to reach a harmless level, while sterilization requires that there is no live bacteria. Second, the treatment methods used by the two are different. Compared with sterilization, sterilization is more demanding and more difficult to handle.

Sterilization must use a physical method or chemical disinfectant that can kill the most resistant microorganisms (bacterial spores), while disinfection only needs to use a physical method, chemical disinfectant or biological disinfectant with a certain bactericidal effect. The use of sterilization treatment methods for disinfection is not only unnecessary to kill chickens with cattle knives, but also produces *** that could not have happened; However, if the sterilization treatment method is used for sterilization, it will lead to sterilization failure. Thirdly, the place of application and the items handled are also different.

Sterilization is mainly used to deal with the diagnosis and treatment supplies and industrial products that need to be sterilized in the hospital, and disinfection is used to deal with items in daily life and workplaces, and is also used for the treatment of general places and items in hospitals.

The chemicals used for disinfection are called disinfectants. Sterilization refers to the method of killing all microorganisms (including bacterial spores) on an object, usually using physical methods to achieve the purpose of sterilization.

Disinfection of infectious diseases is the use of physical or chemical methods to eliminate pathogens that stay on different vectors, so as to cut off the transmission route and prevent and control the occurrence of infection. Its purpose:

1) Prevent the spread of pathogens into society and cause epidemics.

2) Prevent patients from being infected by other pathogens, complications and cross-infection.

3) At the same time, it also protects healthcare workers from infection.

Sterilization: refers to the method of killing or removing all microorganisms from an object, including extremely resistant bacterial spores.

Disinfection: refers to the method of killing pathogenic microorganisms on objects, and spores or non-pathogenic microorganisms may still be alive.

In other words: sterilization is more thorough than sterilization.

For example, when we use an autoclave, it belongs to the sterilization process, and wiping the test bench with an alcohol cotton belongs to the disinfection process.

Note: Sterilization is done on all microorganisms, not only bacteria, but also spores, viruses, fungi, mycoplasma, chlamydia and so on.

Methods that belong to this category: thermal sterilization (steam, dry heat), ultra-high pressure sterilization, ionizing radiation sterilization (25kgy), microwave sterilization, plasma sterilization and other physical sterilization methods, as well as chemical sterilization methods such as peracetic acid and hydrogen peroxide.

2. Sterility: Sterility is the result of sterilization, which means that it is completely free of microorganisms. The technique of preventing microorganisms from entering the body or objects becomes aseptic.

However, due to the limitations of the current inspection methods, the concept of absolute sterility cannot be applied to the evaluation of the sterility of the whole batch of products, so the concept of "sterility" currently used is "sterility" in the sense of probability. After terminal sterilization, the sterility assurance level of sterile products is 10-6 probability of residual microbial contamination.

3. Disinfection: kill or remove pathogenic microorganisms on the vector to achieve harmless treatment. Generally speaking, disinfection refers to killing microorganisms in the environment to prevent bacteria in the environment from contaminating food and causing excessive colonies.

4. Sterilization: refers to the killing of pathogenic bacteria in objects, which also contain non-pathogenic bacteria such as spores and thermophilic bacteria. Generally speaking, sterilization refers to the killing of bacteria in food, so that the remaining bacteria will not multiply in large quantities during the shelf life and cause food spoilage.