The first country to produce the official document system

Legal analysis: There are 15 types of official documents of state administrative organs in the latest version, namely resolutions, decisions, orders (orders), gazettes, announcements, circulars, opinions, notices, circulars, reports, requests for instructions, replies, proposals, letters, and minutes, which are more than the August 2000 version.

Legal basis: Article 8 of the Regulations on the Handling of Official Documents of Party and Government Organs The main types of official documents are:

a) Resolution. It is applicable to major decision-making matters discussed and approved by the meeting.

b) Decision. It is applicable to making decisions and deployments on important matters, rewarding and punishing relevant units and personnel, and changing or revoking inappropriate decisions of lower-level organs.

c) Orders (orders). It is applicable to the promulgation of administrative regulations and rules, the announcement of the implementation of major compulsory measures, the approval of the awarding and promotion of ranks, and the commendation of relevant units and personnel.

4) Communiqué. It is applicable to the publication of important decisions or major events.

5) Announcements. It is applicable to the announcement of important matters or statutory matters at home and abroad.

vi) Notices. It is applicable to matters that should be complied with or known about within a certain scope.

vii) Opinions. It is suitable for providing insights and solutions to important issues.

viii) Notice. It is applicable to the issuance and transmission of matters that require the implementation of lower-level organs and the knowledge or implementation of relevant units, and the approval and transmission of official documents.

9) Notification. It is suitable for commending the advanced, criticizing mistakes, conveying important spirits and informing important situations.

x) Reporting. It is applicable to reporting work to higher-level organs, reflecting the situation, and replying to inquiries from higher-level organs.

11) Request for instructions. It is applicable to requests for instructions and approval from higher authorities.

12) Reply. It is applicable to replying to requests for instructions from lower-level organs.

xiii) Motions. It applies to matters submitted for deliberation by the people at all levels** to the people's congress or the standing committee of the people's congress at the same level in accordance with legal procedures.

xiv) Letters. It is applicable to negotiation of work, inquiry and reply to questions, request for approval and reply to approval matters between unrelated subordinate organs.

xv) Minutes. It is suitable for recording the main situation of the meeting and the matters agreed upon.

The name of "Selected D Official Documents" was first found in the "Later Han Shu Liu Tao Biography": "But it is more instructive, Moken Kumon." However, at that time, there were very few people who called official documents, and most of them were called "documents", "documents", "copywriting", etc.

By the time of the Three Kingdoms, the title of "Kumon" gradually increased, "Three Kingdoms, Wei Zhi, Zhao Yan Biography": "Kumon went down to the county, and Mianjuan returned to the people." ”

The word "Kumon" was first seen in Chen Shou's "Three Kingdoms" in the Western Jin Dynasty.

Wei. The Biography of Zhao Yan", since the appearance of the words of official documents, its pivotal role in social management, the basic functions of official documents have appeared.

Kumon was formed 3,500 years ago at the latest.

Among the many research disciplines in China, Kumon has never been taken seriously, one is that it is believed that ancient Kumon had a strong feudal ideology.

The second is that the belief that ancient Kumon is artistically inferior to literary works is actually a misunderstanding.

The study of Chinese Kumon is also a review of traditional Confucian concepts, which is the essence of true Confucianism.

In terms of origin, Kumon is the only early form of expression of the article.

In ancient times, Kumon was called "Gong Mu" or "Jianmu".

"Gong" and "Wen" reveal the necessary conditions for the production of official documents, that is, the formation of the state and the emergence of writing.

It is precisely the emergence of the state that makes official documents have various functions in the sense of modern official documents, such as politics, practicality and normativeness.

The oracle bone document is the earliest and most complete official document found in China so far, and it shows the original appearance of the early stage of the creation of the official document more accurately.

The oracle bone document is one of the most numerous official documents in the Shang Dynasty, and it is the earliest form of prose creation, with a single content and a lack of argumentative rhetoric, and initially shows the principle of "one document and one matter" in the official documents of the past dynasties.

As the earliest historical document in China and the first anthology of Kumon with a relatively complete style, Shangshu has very important significance in the history of the development of Kumon.

The Book of Shang is listed as one of the classical "Six Classics", also known as the Book or Book of Books.

It lasted for more than 1,300 years, so it was divided into "Book of Yu", "Book of Xia", "Book of Shang" and "Book of Zhou" according to dynasties.

Common sense history.