There are several main defense mechanisms, and what are defense mechanisms

There are eight psychological defense mechanisms, which are denial, latent inhibition, projection, reverse action, transfer, counteracting, rationalization, and sublimation.

Psychological defense mechanism is an adaptive tendency in the body's internal mental activities to consciously or unconsciously relieve troubles and alleviate inner uneasiness in order to restore psychological balance and stability when faced with a tense situation of setbacks or conflicts.

The significance of the psychological defense mechanism is that it can reduce or eliminate the mental pressure of the subject after suffering difficulties and setbacks, restore the psychological balance, and even stimulate the subjective initiative of the subject, and motivate the subject to overcome difficulties and setbacks with tenacious perseverance.

The defense mechanisms mainly include denial, isolation, latent suppression, reverse formation, rationalization, sublimation, humor, and compensation.

Psychological defense mechanisms.

It is a function developed by the self when the ego is under pressure from the superego, the id, and the external world, that is, to mediate and alleviate the threat of conflict to itself in a certain way, so that reality allows, the superego accepts, and the ego satisfies.

Some psychological defense mechanisms are beneficial to physical and mental health, while others are detrimental to physical and mental health. The ideal psychological defense mechanism is sublimation, which is to express one's inner pain in a socially ethical way after encountering setbacks, for example, through artistic creation.

Good psychological defense mechanisms also include compensation, countervailing, and humor. Compensation is to compensate for the loss caused by the setback from the heart to the behavior through other things. Offsetting is when there is a contradiction between desire and reality, and another symbolic thing is used to alleviate the contradiction.

Humor is self-deprecation, it can easily shorten the distance between yourself and those around you, and it can help you to seek social support effectively.

Defense Mechanisms:

It is a holistic, natural, and adaptive way for a person to experience their surroundings. That is, how you adapt to an environment.

When will it be used:

When we want to avoid or control some strong feelings that make us feel scared, or when we maintain our self-esteem.

Freud proposed the four most basic defense mechanisms

1. Repression: It is a kind of active effort, that is, a person's effort to exclude the content that he feels threatened or painful from his consciousness through "repression".

2. Sublimation: It is the only so-called successful defense mechanism. Sublimation is the act in which people will turn an impulse that is not accepted by society into something that society can accept or even reward.

3. Substitution: Replace your impulsiveness with a target that I am not afraid of.

4. Denial: It is I who do not accept the existence of some facts.

Defense mechanisms can also be extended to such as: Reverse Formation, Intellectualization, Projection, Extreme Withdrawal, Omnipotent Control, Extreme Dissociation, Extreme Idealization, and Depreciation ......

But there is no right or wrong in defense, they are all tools that we keep to protect ourselves, only when we are faced with threats and difficulties, only with a rigid defense mode to face, can we cause trouble in our lives.

Psychological defense mechanism: a defensive function of the self, stress produces anxiety, and the individual is exposed to anxiety through a certain mechanism to restore psychological balance. There are positive and negative implications.

1. Repression. Repression is an active effort by which the ego excludes from consciousness those things that threaten itself, or makes them inaccessible to consciousness. According to Freud, each of us is going to use repression.

2. Sublimation. Sublimation is the only truly successful defense mechanism. Unlike repression, the more sublimation is used, the more productive the self becomes. Sublimation is a channel through which unconscious impulses can be translated into socially acceptable behaviors.

3. Substitution. As with sublimation, substitution directs impulses into a non-threatening target.

4. Refusal. When we use rejection, we mean the refusal to accept the existence of certain facts. Unlike repression, rejection is not about not remembering, but about insisting that something is not true, despite all the evidence that it is.

5. Reverse formation. In using generative responses, we act in the opposite way of unconscious desires in order to avoid terrible thoughts or desires.

6. Rationalization. A method of self-control over terrible things, erasing these emotional contents before they reach the level of consciousness. Examine one's own mind in a strictly intellectual, rather than emotional, way.

And bringing certain thoughts into consciousness, or keeping them in consciousness, does not cause any anxiety.

7. Projection. Sometimes we attribute an unconscious impulse to someone else's rather than our own. This defense mechanism is called projection. By projecting impulses onto another person, we can get rid of the notion that we ourselves hold such thoughts.

Positive psychological defense mechanisms include:

1) Sublimation. Some of the behaviors and desires of human beings, such as those that are directly expressed; It may have undesirable consequences or not be accepted by one's own sanity. If it is directed in a more lofty direction, when it is constructive and beneficial to oneself and society, it is sublimation.

For example, some students are jealous of the excellent students in the class, and they do not show it, but use it as a motivation to motivate themselves, which is the manifestation of sublimation. Sublimation has a positive meaning because it indirectly vents the original desire and eliminates the sense of anxiety, and can also make the individual successfully satisfied.

2) Compensation. It refers to when an individual's ideals or goals are frustrated, or there is a certain physical or psychological defect, the defect is compensated for by choosing other methods that can be successful, so as to alleviate the psychological discomfort (blind people's visual and tactile sense, students' strengths).

If you are an active defense mechanism, I think you will be proactive in protecting and governing the system.

The positive defense mechanism is sublimation. Sublimation is the process by which people transform threatening subconscious impulses into acceptable social behaviors. Freud believed that sublimation is the only positive defense mechanism.

For example, participating in certain offensive sports, such as boxing and rugby, allows the potential to be aggressive in a way that is socially acceptable or even encouraged. When people use sublimation more often, the more productive they will be. Because these behaviors are appreciated and require creative involvement.

Other: Compensation.

Adler believed that everyone is born with some inferiority complex, and this inferiority complex creates a need for individuals to "strive for excellence". When an individual is unable to achieve his or her goals due to his or her own physical or psychological deficiencies, he or she can compensate for these deficiencies in other ways to reduce his anxiety and build his self-esteem, which is called compensation. In terms of its function, compensation can be divided into negative compensation and positive compensation.

The concept of defense mechanisms** is similar to psychoanalytic theory, which refers to the psychological strategies that people adopt to protect themselves when faced with stressors in order to reduce anxiety, tension and pain.

1 Repression: Refers to pushing desires or impulses that are not acceptable to the individual out of the conscious level and into the subconscious. Leave desires that are incompatible with reality, superego's requirements, or other impulses in the subconscious.

It is thoughts, not emotions, that drive out.

It is a kind of "motivated forgetting", in which an individual unconsciously forgets purposefully when faced with unpleasant emotions, which is different from natural forgetting over time.

If you like someone but can't ask for it, and you dream of seeing someone you want at night, this is the desire to like is suppressed into the subconscious.

2 Denial: Seeking temporary psychological comfort from an unpleasant event as if it had not happened at all.

Repression differs from denial in that denial is related to the root of external sensory information, while repression is related to the inner state.

For example, in the face of major emergencies, many people unconsciously use denial to protect themselves from the impact of trauma.

3 Isolation of affect: Separating an idea from the emotional state associated with it in order to avoid emotional disturbances. Emotions are left in the subconscious, and thoughts that are deprived of sensation remain in the conscious layer.

In contrast to repression, it is emotions that are expelled. This is a common defense mechanism in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

For example, the surgeon will also use temporary emotional isolation to avoid strong mood swings that interfere with the accuracy of the operation.

4 Dissociation: Emotions and thoughts remain in consciousness, but the connection between the two becomes meaningless.

For example, the patient talks very calmly about the situation that triggered the self-injury.