What was the monetary system like in the Ming Dynasty?

1 tael = 10 money = 1000 wen.

In the Ming Dynasty, ** was used as the legal tender in circulation, and the general transaction was mostly made of silver, and the fraction of money was used, and ** and copper coins formed the main body of currency. However, in the early days of the Ming Dynasty, banknotes were used without money, and later changed to banknotes and money, mainly paper money, and the strange thing is that only one kind was issued in the Ming Dynasty"Daming treasure banknotes"Folding money. In the Ming Dynasty, one emperor minted a kind of year money (there were also several generations of uncoined money), and a total of ten emperors minted year money.

Because of the avoidance of Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang"Meta"Words, all coins in the Ming Dynasty are collectively referred to as Tongbao, and ingots are avoided.

Due to the development of exports between the Ming Dynasty and Japan and Europe, a large number of exports from overseas flowed into the interior through the southeast coast. Although the beginning of the country was minted with "Hongwu Tongbao" copper coins, Hongwu eight years (1375) and issued treasure banknotes as legal tender, but the shape of copper coins is indiscriminate, inconvenient to use, treasure banknotes depreciate seriously, and become the main currency of public and private transactions inexorably. The convenience of the silver currency has suppressed the inflation caused by the chaos of the currency system in the early stage, and the monetary economy has been able to develop.

Money Conversion Relationship:

Adopt the algorithm that was commonly used in ancient times:

One tael** 10 taels**.

One tael** 1000 copper coins.

Also known as white gold.

The currency used in the Ming Dynasty was divided into two types, one was solid currency such as copper coins and silver, and the other was paper currency, which was found in the early Ming Dynasty. At that time, paper money was the main currency, and other currencies were not allowed, but the system of coexistence of the two currencies was gradually restored. <

In the past, it was used most frequently by ordinary people, because the value of copper coins itself was relatively low, and above the copper coins was ** silver, which was a large amount of money, just like we usually think that 100 yuan was at least 100 yuan, because the value of ** was relatively high copper coins, ordinary people used more, such as buying some daily necessities, buying some food, that may use copper coins. There are no such things in large quantities and not very valuable as they are, but generally speaking, valuable items and wealthy families use silver. <>

At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, paper money was introduced, and these paper currencies are somewhat similar to our current banknotes, but this thing is difficult to keep because of this. Although it is easy to put it in the pocket, it is easy to break and so on, which is very troublesome, our current RMB is relatively strong, because we are using modern technology, modern technology and the technology of the Ming Dynasty, that is definitely different, at that time it involves the problem of anti-counterfeiting, the problem of network management, although it is easy to carry. But it is not so easy to really preserve it completely, so this problem was discovered at the beginning, and then it was gradually allowed to coexist with copper coins and paper money.

These currencies of the Ming Dynasty are similar to the currencies of many other dynasties in history, that is, the use of copper coins, but the use of paper banknotes, which is indeed relatively rare, because paper banknotes were more common in the Ming and Qing dynasties, but like the Tang Dynasty and even previous dynasties, there are not many times when paper money is used. It was only the first time it appeared in the Song Dynasty, and the paper book-like thing was called Jiaozi so far, and there was basically nothing before.

**, Xiaoping, Fold Ten, Copper Coins, Daming Bao Banknotes This is the currency used in the Ming Dynasty, and these currencies were very important in the Ming Dynasty.

Copper money, which was a popular form of money at the beginning, and then appeared**, which was a large amount of banknotes, and then a solid form of money appeared, and related transactions were carried out through paper money, and the monetary situation during the Ming Dynasty developed very frequently.

"During the Ming and Qing dynasties, many new characteristics appeared in the development of commerce, not only the rise of commercial towns, the monetary economy occupied a major position, and a large number of agricultural products entered the market. "The rise of commercial towns" and "the entry of agricultural products into the market" are easy to understand, but it is puzzling to say that "the monetary economy is dominant", and we are not saying that it was the natural economy that was dominating at this time. "Monetary economy" did not find an accurate explanation, but found "economic monetization", which actually has five definitions.

The process by which money plays an increasingly important role in various economic activities. In this way, the "monetary economy" can be understood as the result of the "monetization of the economy", that is, money has penetrated into all areas of the social economy.

The main currency of the Ming Dynasty was **, and the currencies used were **, copper coins, paper money, etc. Among them, during the entire Ming Dynasty, there was only one kind of banknote, the Ming treasure banknote, and there were no other types of banknotes. But for copper coins, basically every emperor will mint copper coins with their own year name, and all copper coins are called tongbao, not ingots.

During the reign of Zhu Yuanzhang, Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, he cast Hongwu Tongbao. Due to the lack of copper at that time, most of Hongwu Tongbao was cast with waste money and old copper, and the fineness was different. During the reign of Ming Chengzu Zhu Di, Yongle Tongbao was cast.

The copper coin is purple copper color, the diameter of the copper coin is about , and the production is exquisite. During the reign of Zhu Zhanji of Xuanzong of the Ming Dynasty, Xuanzong Tongbao was cast. The production is not as good as Yongle Tongbao, and the version is different.

During the reign of Ming Xiaozong Zhu Youzhang, he cast Hongzhi Tongbao. Versions vary from place to place. During the reign of Ming Shizong Zhu Houxi, Jiajing Tongbao was cast.

Brass is used to cast money, and the casting process is improved. During the reign of Ming Muzong Zhu Zaiyuan, he cast Longqing Tongbao. Each penny weighs one penny and three cents, gold back, fire paint.

During the reign of Zhu Yijun of Mingshenzong, he cast Wanli Tongbao. The amount of coinage has risen, and there are more versions. During the reign of Ming Xizong Zhu Youxiao, he cast Taichang Tongbao.

The copper color is pale red, and there are also brass coins. During the reign of Ming Yizong Zhu Youzhen, Chongzhen Tongbao was cast, and the word "Tong" of Tongbao was divided into single and double points.

Regarding the banknotes of the Ming Dynasty, there is only one kind of banknote at each stage, and that is the Ming treasure banknote. The Daming treasure banknote is the only banknote officially issued by the Ming Dynasty. The Ming Dynasty banknotes were issued in the Hongwu period, because the country had just been unified, and copper was relatively scarce, so the emperor decided to issue paper money.

With a frame of about 30 centimeters high and a width of about 20 centimeters, it is the largest banknote in the world. The face value of Daming treasure banknotes is divided into 100 Wen, 200 Wen, 300 Wen, 500 Wen, and Yiguan. One is equal to one thousand.

Due to the fact that the paper process was not developed at that time, the paper was poor, and the paper money was difficult to preserve, and later people slowly reverted to the use of metal money. However, the Ming treasure banknote is still of great significance in the history of the Ming Dynasty.

The currency of the Ming Dynasty has, **, copper money, banknotes, in each stage of the currency types are different, the face value is not the same, but each stage has only one kind of banknote, that is, the Ming treasure banknote, the face value is divided into 100 Wen, 200 Wen, 300 Wen, 500 Wen, one is equal to 1,000 Wen.

During the Ming Dynasty, there were many types of currency, mainly **, as well as copper coins, **, paper money, face value varied, ** one or two can buy a bag of rice.

The coins of the Ming Dynasty are called "Ming treasure banknotes", and the treasure banknotes are divided into six grades, with face values of one run, five hundred wen, three hundred wen, two hundred wen, and one hundred wen.

The face value of each currency is different, the value is not the same, and the ** placed in each dynasty is also different, so there is no way to estimate it.

There is no specific value for the face value, because the different types of currencies and currencies used at this stage produce different face values.

In the Ming Dynasty, a large number of products and handicrafts from rural sideline industries entered the market. Commercial capital is active, and the main business of the ticket number and silver number opened by Shanxi merchants is to solve money and grain on behalf of the government, collect taxes, and handle exchange, deposits, loans, donations, etc., and never exceed the scope of commercial capital and usury capital. But there was also a small part of the commercial capital invested in handicraft production, which was converted into the original industrial capital.

Industrial and commercial towns are rising, unbalanced, except for the two capitals, distributed in the south of the Yangtze River, the southeast coast and both sides of the river, the most prosperous in the south of the Yangtze River. **More widely used: Silver rent: **Expenditure: Servitude silver (banjiang silver) is common.

This laid the foundation for the prosperity of commerce and the development of foreign countries in the Qing Dynasty. Commercial cities around the world: Wuxi along the Yangtze River in the Qing Dynasty is the famous "cloth wharf", Hankou is the "boat wharf", and Zhenjiang is the "silver wharf".

In the early Qing Dynasty, four large-scale professional towns—Foshan Town in Guangdong, Jingdezhen in Jiangxi, Hankou Town in Hubei, and Zhuxian Town in Henan" were collectively known as the "Four Great Towns in the World", and they seemed to have become emerging cities. Unlike traditional cities, which were prefectures and counties, they were industrial and commercial centers with low administrative hierarchies and simple institutions, and they were industrial and commercial centers that flourished solely because of economic development. Many commercial cities have also emerged in the Northwest Territories, marking the strengthening of economic ties between the peoples of various ethnic groups.

Beijing is the first center of the country: "Inside Pavilion" and "Outer Pavilion": Specially receive merchants from Mongolia to Beijing.

The emergence and development of merchant groups. Hui merchants, Western merchants (Shanxi and Shaanxi merchants), Jiangyou merchants. The richest merchants in the country are ticket merchants (ticket merchants in Shanxi), salt merchants and merchants (the so-called thirteen lines of Guangdong), many of these people are official merchants, or ** **.

Mainland merchants, small handicraftsmen and workers have successively gone to the northwest and southwest places. Externally, it is more developed.

After the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the agricultural population "abandoned the basics and went to the end"; fierce competition in industry and commerce; The cult of money and the pursuit of luxury and high consumption prevailed: transgressions and violations of etiquette were widespread. Repentance.

The social and economic development of the Ming Dynasty in China can be divided into two stages. From the first year of Hongwu (1368 AD) of Ming Taizu to the first year of Xuanzong Xuanyan (1426 AD), during the sixty or seventy years of the reign of the Ming Xuanzong Dynasty, with the stability of the political situation, the places destroyed by the war have re-established social order, agriculture has gradually recovered, household registration and land reclamation have gradually increased, grain production has increased, tax revenue has increased, government and private handicraft industries have developed one after another, commercial cities have increased, and the commercial circulation of east, west, north and south has been smooth, and overseas has been active.

From 1522 A.D., the first year of Jiajing of Ming Shizong, to 1573 A.D., more than 100 years after the reign of Mingshenzong, it is an important period in the history of China's economic development.

During the Ming Dynasty, trade with other countries was carried out, and cooperation with other countries, the rock reform improved the economic development of the Ming Dynasty, and in the Ming Dynasty, Zheng He went to the West 7 times to carry out rough trade with other countries to carry out rough trade and cooperation.

In the early stage of the Ming Dynasty, the economic development was very good, and the national strength at that time was relatively strong.