When growing rice, what is the difference between oxen and machine farming?

During the Dragon Boat Festival, rice planting is busy. Recently, when I went to the countryside on the outskirts of Shanghai, you could see that farmers were stepping up their cuttings of green rice seedlings, and the countryside was full of summer ploughing.

A busy scene of summer planting. I have memorized a poem since I was a child: Who knows that Chinese food is hard work.

But what's the hard work? I'm afraid few people have thought about it. Nowadays, most of the links such as irrigation, fertilization, insect control, harvesting, and hulling have been mechanized, and people's experience of "every grain is happy" is becoming less and less obvious.

My point of view is that when growing rice, machine farming helps to raise the rice.

of production. Why, as follows: the steps of ox ploughing are generally two: ploughing with oxen first, and then leveling the land with a rake, and there are generally two or three steps of machine tillage: ploughing with a tractor, and then leveling the land with a rotary tiller or beater.

1. Cultivated land: generally use cattle to plough the land, the depth of ploughing is 15-20 cm, and the depth and width of ploughing are controlled by artificial, and it is easy to have an imbalance of depth and width; The depth of machine tillage can reach 20-25 cm, and some can reach 30 cm. The depth and width of machine tillage are also mechanically controlled, and the effect of machine tillage is more uniform.

2. Rotary tillage and land preparation

After ploughing, the soil is leveled by using oxen with rakes, and as with ploughing, the leveling effect is artificially controlled, and there may be inconsistencies in the leveling effect from trip to trip.

It is more controllable with rotary tiller and beater, and the leveling effect and beating effect of each trip are the same, and the soil crushing effect of rotary tillage beater is much higher than that of manual beating. When planting rice, the depth of cultivated land, the degree of soil crushing and the leveling effect are more conducive to the germination of rice, and are also helpful for the growth of rice roots.

Nowadays, ploughs and harrows have mostly been replaced by tractors, and the functions of sickles, rice beds, and flails are only combine harvesters.

part. Although the disappearance of traditional agricultural tools is an inevitable trend of social development, these traditional agricultural tools have made great contributions in the course of thousands of years of agricultural development, they have shined, and they are also great witnesses of historical inheritance and progress of the times.

Rice cultivated with machine is relatively uniform and has a high yield. Cattle ploughing rice is more time-consuming and laborious, and there will be uneven seedlings.

The difference between the two is mainly in the efficiency of rice planting, the efficiency of machine farming is much higher than that of ox farming, and the rice planted by machine is more neat.

The difference is that if you plough with oxen, the speed will be slower, but the effect will be better, and if you use machine ploughing, everything will be faster, but the effect will not be good.

When I was a child, there was an old ox at home, and the plough was the production tool at home, until now, with the development of productivity and the changes of the times, the planting method has also changed from traditional manual planting to modern mechanical planting. What are the characteristics of ox ploughing and mechanical ploughing?

1. Cattle ploughing. The traditional way of farming with oxen and ploughs retains the original characteristics of the farming era, where man and nature live in harmony, cow manure can nourish the fields, and ox farming does not damage the environment and can be done anytime and anywhere. Cows are the best friends that humans rely on for survival. In the paddy field, the buffalo responded to the shout of "oh shh

On a rainy day, the old farmer wears a hat, a coat, rolls his trouser legs, and raises spotted bamboo strips, and the picture is beautiful.

However, due to the backwardness of traditional cattle farming methods, it has a great relationship with the strength and cooperation of cattle. For a long time, the land in many places has not been subsoiled for many years, the soil cultivation layer has become significantly shallow, the plough bottom has thickened year by year, and the cultivated land has been hardened day by day, which has restricted the increase of grain output to a considerable extent. With the development of modern agriculture, there is an urgent need to carry out land subsoiling, break the bottom of the plough, improve the quality of cultivated land, increase the yield rate of land, and improve the comprehensive production capacity of agriculture.

And so the machine came along.

2. Mechanical ploughing.

Compared with traditional cattle farming, the advent of the mechanical age greatly reduced the phenomenon of labor, low crop yields and barren fields for farmers. The advantage of mechanical tillage is that it can effectively break the hard bottom layer formed by long-term tillage or cattle ploughing, and greatly improve the water permeability and air permeability of the soil; In addition, mechanical ploughing can also greatly improve the ability of the soil to store rainwater and snow water, increase the soil moisture of the new soil layer in the dry season, and improve the water storage capacity of the tillage layer. Because a large amount of precipitation is stored underground, the evaporation loss and flow loss of soil moisture are greatly reduced, providing abundant natural precipitation resources for crop growth. Mechanical subsoiling can also effectively remove stagnant water and saline.

Compared with traditional cattle farming, mechanical farming also has the advantages of high efficiency and low cost. A ploughing machine only needs to spend money once, and it can be recycled many times, and as long as farmers learn the basic operation, they can sit on the machine and operate it effortlessly, which greatly improves the operation efficiency. Obviously, compared with cattle farming, mechanical farming is more in line with the development of modern society.

In general, despite the advent of the mechanized era, the traditional way of cattle farming also has value worth passing on, and cattle farming still exists in some places.

When cultivating land in the countryside, cattle will be used to plough, but now people's lives have become better, many people will also use machines, the characteristics of the machine is that the speed is relatively fast, saving time and effort, and the characteristics of ox ploughing are more refined, with a sense of labor.

Cultivated land in many rural areas has now been mechanized. The use of arable land to cultivate land can save time and improve efficiency. However, there are also some rural areas that are constrained by the terrain and still use cattle.

Now that the machine is used, the cattle ploughing is more environmentally friendly, and the machine ploughing is more convenient, faster and can be used better.

Be sure to choose the machine, because the machine ploughs the land faster and more efficiently, but if the ox ploughs the land, it saves costs.

It is beneficial to improve the rice transplanterofEfficiency

The efficiency of the rice transplanter can be greatly improved by using the rice transplanter. The daily transplanting area of the tractor-type rice transplanter (four-row machine) is about 20 times faster than that of traditional manual rice transplanting, and it also greatly saves the labor of manual rice transplanting. In addition, the seedling raising time of the transplanting machine is shorter, the quality of the seedling transplanting is high, and the maturity is earlier than that of manual transplanting, and in the same time, more rice yield can be obtained, and the efficiency of rice planting is improved.

It is beneficial to improve the economic benefits of peace and quantity

Preparation before raising seedlings

In the selection of seeds, it is necessary to choose rice species suitable for local soil and climate for planting. In addition to good lodging and disease resistance, seeds also need to be produced more safely. If you choose seeds that have not been film-coated, you must carry out seed treatment before planting and application, first soak the seeds with drugs such as strong chlorine + acetamiprid, which has the effect of eliminating germs and preventing insect diseases, and then take them out to dry and plant.

Selection of bed soil and seedling fields

In the selection of bed soil, the bed soil for rice planting is generally to choose rich garden soil, generally in the field, 1500kg of bed soil per mu of land must be used. Before the application of bed soil, 8kg of fine powder and 1kg of seedling enhancer should be added to every 100kg of fine soil, and then the bed soil should be concentrated and covered with agricultural mulch, so that the land can be fully matured and the fertility of the soil can be improved.

In the selection of seedling fields, it is necessary to choose farmland with soft soil layer, flat terrain, downwind and sunny sun, and good irrigation standards. Before planting, it is also necessary to do a good job of the seedling box, the total width of the box is about to be, the width of the ditch between the seedling boxes is more than 30cm, and the depth of the ditch is generally 20cm. In addition, the surface layer of Yangxiang Yuanchun ensures that it is "soft, solid, flat, light and straight".

Once the seedlings and seeds are ready, they can be planted gradually, but it is important to choose the right planting time and amount of seeds. According to the stubble time, tillage time and consolidation time on the side of the street, the planting time can be measured according to the seedling age of 30 days, and the temperature is stable according to 12. If the total area of the farmland that must be planted is too large, the seeds should be planted in batches according to the speed and efficiency of transplanting.

Seedling management plan

Before the three-leaf stage of seedlings, the bed soil should be mainly managed with moisture, but the water should not be too much; In order to ensure that the seedlings have old and healthy roots, Tachibana Nai drains the seedlings one week before planting. If there is a rainy day in front of the rice transplanting machine, the seedlings should be covered with a laminating film in advance to avoid the bed soil absorbing too much water and affecting the effect of the machine transplanting. It is necessary to do a good job in fertilizing seedlings and preventing pests, and bacterial wilt is one of the key pests and diseases in seedling fields.

Land resources can be sprayed with 50% Likujing wettable powder with water to treat pests and diseases, and tricyclazole can be sprayed before planting to prevent and control rice blast; Blend spraying and sprinkling. In the water management method of the seedling field, the key is to moisture management, if the seedlings occur in the morning and evening when the land is dry, there are no water droplets and the leaves are wrinkled in the afternoon, it is the seedling field with less water, and the seedling field should be watered sooner or later, and if there is continuous rainfall weather, drainage measures should be taken.

Factors such as the mechanical composition, physical structure, organic matter content and soil moisture content of soil have a significant impact on the operation difficulty, tillage quality and energy consumption of soil tillage machinery, and these factors constitute the tillability of soil. In addition, the timing of cultivation has a significant impact on crop yields. Therefore, taking comprehensive measures in advance, so that the soil is in a state of good arable ability in a timely manner, and the appropriate type of soil tillage machinery is used for tillage at the right time and place, and combined with the corresponding biological measures, chemical measures, drainage and irrigation measures, we can give full play to the role of soil tillage machinery, improve the quality of tillage, and create good soil environmental conditions for crop growth and development, so as to obtain good economic benefits.

Deep soil cultivation is an important guarantee for strong seedlings and high yield. Different soil tillage machinery has different structures and characteristics of its working parts. Adapt to different soil, climate and crop conditions in different regions, and meet different farming requirements under different conditions, you can choose the right soil preparation machinery according to the local environment.

Its advantage is that the soil will be particularly fertile, very good, the second biggest advantage is that the soil will be renovated, very fast, the third point is to choose machinery, in fact, its effect is not as good as the original, but it is also very good, it is best to choose the kind of relatively large machinery is easier to use.