Introduction to Lugou Bridge, the current situation of Lugou Bridge, who built it

History of Lugou Bridge.

Located outside Guang'anmen, 15 kilometers southwest of Beijing, the Lugou Bridge was named after its spanning of the Lugou River (now known as the Yongding River). It is the oldest existing stone arch bridge in Beijing. During the Warring States Period, the Lugou Ferry was the key point of the Yanji area along the eastern foot of the Daxing Mountains to the North China Plain.

In the twenty-ninth year of Jin Dading (1189), the stone bridge was built, and it was completed in the third year of Ming Chang (1192), and it was named"Guangli"。The travelogue of the Italian Marco Polo once wrote that he was amazed by the bridge. The Lugou Bridge was designed according to the characteristics of the flow of the Yongding River.

The bridge is all made of white stone, with a total length of 21-2 2 meters, plus the approach bridges at both ends, with a total length of 266 5 meters. There are 11 bridge arches, the face width is 7 5 meters, there are 279 railings, 140 stone railings carved on the left side, 141 on the right side, the column height is 1 4 meters, and the column head is carved with the stone lion crouching. The structure of the whole bridge and the various parts of the piers and arches are fixed with waist iron to strengthen the connection between the stones.

The piers are boat-shaped, with water-facing points and a triangular iron pillar placed at each tip to resist spring ice and flooding.

The posture of the stone lions on the Lugou Bridge varies. Lions are divided into male and female, the female plays the lion cub, and the male plays hydrangea. Some large lions have carved many small lions, the smallest of which is only a few centimeters long, and some only show half of their heads and a mouth.

Therefore, there has been for a long time"The lions of the Lugou Bridge are innumerable"said. According to statistics, there are 281 big stone lions on the lookout pillar, 211 small stone lions, a total of 492 stone lions on the bridge, and there are stone lions with railings at the east end of the bridge, 1 on the left and right. There are 1 pair of Huabiao at both ends of the bridge, and 1 pair of stone beasts on the top of Huabiao (a pair of lions on the east side and a pair of elephants on the west side).

There are 496 stone lions in total, and there is a stone tablet on both sides: a tablet records the process of rebuilding the Lugou Bridge in the 27th year of Kangxi Reign of the Qing Dynasty (1698). The other is the inscription of Jin Zhangzong written by Qianlong"Lu Gou Xiaoyue"Four words.

The stele is 4 52 meters high, 1 27 meters wide, 84 centimeters thick, and Lugou Bridge is one of the eight views of Yanjing. 1937 year"The Seventy-Seven Incident"That's where it happens. The bullet marks of the Japanese army on the lookout pillar are still visible.

In 1981, the Lugou Bridge Historical Exhibition Hall was established, and in 1987, a new highway bridge was built in the north of the bridge. It is called Jingshi Highway Bridge, with a total length of 1120 meters. The Lugou Ancient Bridge is only allowed to be passed by pedestrians on foot.

Lugou Bridge is a national key protected cultural relic.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the people paved the bridge deck of the Lugou Bridge with asphalt, and repaired the stele on the bridge.

In 1967, more than 400 meters of trails were widened and 59 concrete beams were erected.

In 1986, Beijing set up the "Lugou Bridge Historical Relics Restoration Committee" to initiate activities to protect the ancient bridge and restore the original appearance of the Danchang Ancient Bridge; Coordinate planning, mobilize all walks of life, and organize repairs. The project raised 3.55 million yuan. During the project, the widened trail and concrete beams were removed in 1967, and the original stone railings were reinforced. The asphalt was cleared and the bridge deck was restored; At the same time, Wanping City was repaired and the city tower was restored.

And a comprehensive renovation of the bridge piers. In addition, all the pillars, railings, ground covers, bridge decks, Huabiao, stone monuments, etc. of the ancient bridge are partially weathered and anti-leakage protection measures are implemented. During the renovation of the bridge deck, the initiation center was vacated in the middle, and the original state of the ancient bridge was completely preserved.

In June 1997, some of the stone lions and pillars damaged by lightning were repaired and remediated.

In order to protect the old Lugou Bridge, a well-known ancient bridge at home and abroad, in 1971, Beijing built the "Lugou New Bridge" about one kilometer away from the Lugou Ancient Bridge. It is a 17-hole road bridge across the river with a total length of 54 99 meters and a width of 15 5 meters.