What is the driest place in our country?

Most provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) in the country have different degrees of drought, and the distribution of agricultural drought is wider and more severe, and the area affected by drought and disaster area are significantly larger than those in recent years. Among them, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Jiangxi, Hunan, Gansu and other provinces are suffering from severe drought. The main disaster processes were spring drought and early summer drought in the eastern part of Northwest China, summer drought in the central and eastern parts of Inner Mongolia, western and northern Northeast China, summer drought in the south of the Yangtze River and southern China, and autumn and winter drought.

The drought-stricken areas in northern China are relatively concentrated and have a high intensity. The drought in the south is widespread and long-lasting.

Xihaigu. Located in the southern part of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in western China, it is the collective name of six national-level poverty-stricken counties in the loess hilly area, including Xiji, Haiyuan, Guyuan, Longde, Jingyuan and Pengyang, and was identified by the United Nations Food Development Programme as one of the most unsuitable areas for human life in 1972. It belongs to the arid area of the Loess Plateau, located in the southwest edge of the Loess Plateau, with countless ravines, ravines, plateaus, ridges, beams, moats, and rivers, and belongs to the loess hilly area of Ningnan.

The annual average temperature here is 3 8, the extreme maximum temperature, the extreme minimum temperature is -30, the frost-free period of the year is 90 100 days, the annual rainfall is between 200 700 mm, most of which are concentrated in June and September, hail, and the annual evaporation is between 1000 2400 mm, which is a temperate continental semi-arid - arid climate, and the water source is scarce. Due to the cutting of flowing water and blind reclamation for thousands of years, soil erosion is serious, except for a small number of river valleys and rivers, the living conditions in most places are extremely poor, and many other natural disasters occur, and it is one of the three western regions that are identified as key poverty alleviation.

Northwest Specifically, parts of Gansu are located.

The most arid region in China is the northwest region.

Areas with annual precipitation of less than 200 (or 250) mm are generally classified as arid zones, and areas with annual precipitation of 200 (or 250) to 500 mm are classified as semi-arid zones. Measured by this indicator of precipitation, drought is a worldwide problem. The total area of the arid and semi-arid zones of the world continent is about 48 million square kilometers, accounting for one-third of the continent's area, covering more than 50 countries on all continents of the world.

China is one of the world's major arid countries, with an area of about 2.8 million square kilometers in arid areas, and an area of about 2.13 million square kilometers in semi-arid and semi-humid drought-prone areas, mainly distributed in the north of the Kunlun Mountains-Qinling-Huaihe River, from the northwest border in the west to the western foot of the Daxing'an Mountains in the east, including about 965 counties in 16 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions.

Its total area accounts for more than half of the country's area; There are about 100 million mu of cultivated land, accounting for 51 of the total cultivated land area of the country, of which 65 are dry land without irrigation conditions, especially along the Great Wall and the vast area of the Loess Plateau east of Baotou in Inner Mongolia, the cultivated land is dry land. 83% of the arid and semi-arid areas in China are concentrated in Northwest China, so drought is the most important climatic feature and natural disaster in Northwest China.

The main characteristics of agricultural climate in arid, semi-arid, semi-humid and drought-prone areas are: strong solar radiation, abundant sunlight, and large potential for photosynthetic production of crops. Second, the heat conditions are better, which can make crops double crop in a year, three crops in two years, or one crop in a year; The diurnal temperature range is large, which is conducive to the accumulation of photosynthetic matter in crops. Third, the precipitation is low, the variability is large, the seasonal distribution is uneven, the frequency of agricultural drought is high, and the crop yield is low.

The vast arid, semi-arid, and semi-humid drought-prone areas are not only the birthplace of the ancient civilization of mankind in the world, but also occupy a very important position in modern agricultural and animal husbandry production. The 17 western states of the United States, which have a predominantly arid and semi-arid climate, provide more than 80 percent of the country's agricultural and animal husbandry products; The arid and semi-arid regions of Central Asia in the Soviet Union, which in recent years have provided 45 commercial grains for the whole Soviet Union; In the arid and semi-arid regions of central and western Australia, agricultural and livestock products occupy an important position in the world.

China's semi-arid, semi-humid and drought-prone areas are the production bases of wheat, corn, cotton, miscellaneous grains and livestock products. The arid plain of the northwest inland, with sufficient sunshine and large diurnal temperature range, is surrounded by high mountains, and there is large and stable precipitation in the mountainous areas, and provides about 78.7 billion cubic meters of runoff for the piedmont plain through 428 large and small inland rivers every year, forming many bead-shaped irrigation oases, which are very suitable for the development of melons, fruits, sugar beets and other cash crops and food crop production.

The Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province and the oasis in the north and south of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang are famous commercial grain bases and important concentrated production areas of sugar, oil, meat, melons and fruits, and the Hexi Corridor provides more than 70 percent of the commercial grain to Gansu every year.

Spring drought is prominent in the area north of the Huai River in the Qinling Mountains. The Huang-Huai-Hai region often has drought in spring and summer, and even in spring, summer and autumn. The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are mainly drought and autumn drought.

Most of the northwest and northeast are affected by drought all year round. The spring and summer droughts in southwest China have a great impact on agricultural production, while the eastern part of Sichuan often experiences autumn droughts. Droughts also occur from time to time in southern China.

The main reason for the formation of drought in our country.

1. Precipitation: Generally speaking, precipitation below the average is prone to drought. In the monsoon climate zone of China, the precipitation season in different regions forms the basis for the distribution of seasonal drought-prone areas in China.

2. Water resources: China and the south of the land have more water and less arable land, and the north has less water and more arable land. The imbalance of water resources in such areas is an important factor causing drought disasters in China.

3. Socio-economic aspect: It mainly refers to the increase of water use for industrial and agricultural production in China in recent decades.