When was the abacus invented? What do you know about abacus

The abacus was invented by the Chinese on the basis of long-term use of arithmetic chips. In ancient times, people used small wooden sticks to make calculations, and these small wooden sticks were called"Calculate the chips", calculations performed with a chip as a tool are called"Calculation"。Later, with the development of production, the use of small wooden sticks for calculations was limited, so people invented a more advanced calculator - the abacus.

The abacus is rectangular, surrounded by a wooden frame, in which are fixed small wooden sticks, the small wooden sticks are dressed with wooden beads, a beam in the middle and the abacus is divided into two parts, the upper half of each wooden stick has two beads, each bead is five, and the lower half has five beads, each bead represents one. The origin of the abacus The origin of the abacus can be traced back to 600 BC, and it is said that there was one in China at that time"Abacus"。The ancients strung 10 abacus beads into a group, arranged them in groups, put them into the frame, and then quickly dialed the abacus beads to calculate.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Xu Yue recorded in the "Records of Mathematics" that when his teacher Liu Hong visited the hermit Mr. Tianmu, Mr. Tianmu explained 14 calculation methods, one of which was the abacus, and the calculation tools used were very close to the modern abacus. Each of these abacus has 5 movable beads, with the top 1 being equal to 5 and the bottom 4 being treated as 1 each. With the use of abacus, people have summed up many calculation formulas, making the speed of calculation faster.

This method of calculating with an abacus is called abacus. In the Ming Dynasty, abacus could not only do addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, but also calculate the land area and the size of various shapes and things. Because the abacus is simple to make, cheap, easy to memorize, and simple to calculate, it is widely used in China and has spread to Japan, North Korea, the United States and Southeast Asia and other countries and regions.

Now, we have entered the age of electronic computers, but the ancient abacus still plays an important role. In China, there are a group of masters in all walks of life. The use of abacus and abacus, in addition to the convenience of calculation, also has the effect of exercising thinking ability, because the planning disk requires the close cooperation of the brain, eyes and hands, which is a good way to exercise the brain.

The abacus is a form of manual operation calculation aid. It originated in China and has a history of more than 2,600 years and is an important invention in ancient China. Before the advent of Arabic numerals, the abacus was a widely used calculation tool in the world.

The abacus continues to be used in parts of Asia and the Middle East, especially in stores, where it can be bought from stores of Chinese and Japanese goods. In the West, it is sometimes used to help children understand numbers, and some mathematicians like to experience what it's like to use an abacus to calculate simple arithmetic problems.

"As soon as the abacus sounds, **10,000 taels", today let's talk about the ancient Chinese calculator - abacus.

The abacus can be regarded as a classic decimal mechanical computer, if you dial the abacus at the speed of the CPU (2·4GHz 2400000000Hz, both 2.4 billion times per second), it must be faster than your computer, but the reality is that you don't have ten seconds to dial it very quickly. So the abacus is still very powerful.

A tool for ancient people to count and count.

Well! Take a picture after dawn to show you!

The abacus is rectangular, the opening hall is surrounded by a wooden frame, in which a small wooden stick is fixed, the small wooden stick is wearing wooden beads, a beam in the middle and the abacus is divided into two parts, the upper half of each wooden stick has two beads, each bead is five, the lower half has five beads, each bead represents one.

To the right of the unit digit are the tenths and percentiles.

The beads on the abacus are called abacus, also called abacus.

There are generally 5 abacus beads under the beam, and there are also 4 beads.

Each lower bead represents one unit. A lower bead near the bottom edge of the abacus is called a bottom bead. There are generally 2 abacus beads above the beam, and there is only one upper bead on the abacus. Each upper bead is equal to 5 lower beads of the same grade. An upper bead near the top of the abacus is called a top bead.

Explanation of the abacus (1) [abacus] A kind of calculation utensil used in China, a wooden frame is embedded with a thin rod, and the rod is strung with abacus beads, and the abacus beads can be moved up and down along the thin rod, and the arithmetic operation is completed by moving the abacus beads by hand Their happy hearts flashed such an abacus from time to time: the jacket and summer clothes are in the pawnshop, and this oak can be redeemed first; After the Duanyang Festival, maybe you can eat a yellow croaker. ——Spring Silkworm (2) [thinking] metaphor plan, intention wishful thinking abacus detailed explanation (1).

A tool for calculating numbers. Its shape is rectangular, the circumference is a wooden frame, and the straight column runs through it, commonly known as "file". Generally from nine to fifteen gears, the file is horizontal to the beam, two beads on the beam, each bead is counted five, five beads under the beam, each bead is counted as one, and the calculation of the beads is calculated after positioning, and the addition, subtraction, multiplication and division algorithms can be done.

Qing Qian Daxin, "Zen Debate Next to the Ten Drivers of Fasting and Raising the New Record: The ancients used the abacus to make a plan, and now they use the abacus, using wood as a bead, I don't know who made it, and it has not been judged in what era. The case of Tao Nancun's "Dropout of Farming" has the metaphor of walking the beads and the abacus beads, which already existed in the Yuan Dynasty.

2).Figurative plan. "Dream of Red Mansions" Chapter 53:

But I have an abacus in my heart, and I have not yet reached this field. The twelfth chapter of "The Appearance of Officialdom": "So Master Zhou made this calculation and decided that the idea was to call him all the time."

Gao Yunlan, "Spring and Autumn in a Small Town", Chapter 36: "Zhao Xiong is so willing to do this, he has his own calculations. The word decomposition Explanation of arithmetic à accounting, counting:

Count grass. Abacus. Formula.

Accounts. Arithmetic. Calculation (a counts; b Consider; c Estimate; d Secretly make a mark to harm others.

gauge" are read softly). Liquidation. Budget.

radical : bamboo; Explanation of the pan Plate (盤) á A flat, shallow utensil for holding objects: a tea tray.

Plates. Tray. Something shaped like a disc or has the function of a disc :

Word Plate. Chessboard. Abacus.

Disc. Gyration, winding, buckling: circling.

Pan Huan . Exploitation ( tossing and turning exploitation ) . Coiled.

Coiled. Pan Yu (zigzag deep ). Intricately intertwined.