What are the top ten jade carving skills?

The collection value of jade carving artwork is extremely high, and the jade carving technology has been inherited for thousands of years, forming a variety of skills.

1. Peel off the dirt and remove the locks

"Dirty" is to remove the impurities in the jade to make the jade cleaner. "Lock" is the natural crack in the jade, the processing of jade in the selection and carving of the first thing to pay attention to the treatment of the lock, after the locks are designed according to the shape of the material.

2. Clever use of color

The skillful use of color is a technique in which jade craftsmen use the color, skin color and texture of jade to integrate it into the creative theme and play the finishing touch.

3. Waste materials are used skillfully

Waste materials are used skillfully, firstly, jade can be cherished, and secondly, because the rough stones that can be called scraps are relatively cheap, which can reduce costs and create jade carving handicrafts with the same value as the finished materials or higher than the value of the finished jade.

4. Turn flaws into yoga

Making full use of the flaws of jade has long been noticed by jade carving artists, forming the carving process characteristics of "turning flaws into yoga", which not only does not affect the work, but also makes the image of the work vivid, increases the sense of realism, and achieves the effect that ordinary jade cannot achieve.

5. Adapt to the material

According to the characteristics of jade, combined with the inheritance of culture, convey a beautiful meaning, and achieve the organic combination of "work", "art" and "beauty".

6. Thread combination

The industrial thread and assembly process are applied to the jade carving handicrafts, which is a thread combination.

7. Three-dimensional carving

As a technical technique precipitated in the history of jade carving culture, three-dimensional carving has a great range of applications, and is now used in the creation of different materials such as jadeite, Hetian jade, jasper, Dushan jade, etc., which can be said to be the longest inheritance time, the highest technical difficulty, and the strongest sense of realism A jade carving technique.

8. Hollow carving

The hollow carving of jade is a kind of openwork carving process, the process of hollow carving is very difficult, it hollows out all parts of the jade, so that the carving pattern runs through and connects, and the face is connected, making the jade carving more layered.

9. Relief

Relief is a type of carving in which the carver carves out the image he wants to create on a flat plate, so that it is detached from the plane of the original material. Relief is the product of the combination of sculpture and painting, using the method of compression to deal with the object, relying on perspective and other factors to express the three-dimensional space, and only for one or two sides**.

10. Inner carving

Engraving is an ancient art, and the general carving process is to carve the desired shape from the outside of the material. The main carvings are birds, flowers, grasses, etc. in the fence. The carvings must be delicate, and the animals and plants in each compartment must give a lifelike feeling.

The above are the top ten skills of jade carving, and those who are proficient in more than three can be called carving masters. The rough jade has been carefully polished by the master and turned into a handicraft that everyone loves, which is the power of the craftsman.

The top ten jade carving skills are round carving, relief carving, openwork carving, internal carving, thread combination, material art, flaws into yoga, dirty and stranded, waste skillful use, and beautiful color skill.

They are round carving, relief, openwork, inner carving, thread combination, flaws for Yu, according to the material art, dirty and stranded, beautiful color skill, waste skillful use of these ten jade carving skills.

They are the art of materials, dirty and strands, thread combination, clever use of waste materials, flaws into yoga, beautiful color skillful use, relief, openwork, round carving, and inner carving.

Jade not only has the value of wearing, but also has the value of ornamentation, and some good quality jade can directly increase the value of jade after being carved into a variety of shapes. From ancient times to the present, a lot of excellent jade carving works have been born, and the more famous is the jade cabbage of the Qing Dynasty. The skill of carving is presented on many items, such as stone, wood, etc., but jade is more valuable, and no mistakes are allowed in the carving process, so you need to have a certain understanding of jade carving techniques.

So, what are the jade carving techniques? 

If you want jade to become more valuable and pass down through the ages, jade carving is the fundamental reason for achieving this purpose. Turning a natural jade into a beautiful handicraft through the skillful hands of human beings is a very magical thing in itself. Landscapes, tasks, flowers, birds, fish and insects, utensils, food, etc. can all become the theme of jade carving, and can also be carved into seals, ornaments, pins and other small daily necessities, a wide range of wonderful handicrafts.

What are the jade carving techniques?

Jade carving from ancient times, after thousands of years of development, the craft of jade carving from simple to complex to exquisite, after a generation of jade carving skills of improvement and innovation, now the jade carving process is relatively mature, there is a set of sculpture system, the presentation of jade carving techniques mainly in three forms, namely:

1. Relief. The technique of relief carving is used more in jade carving, especially some jade plaques, jade pendants, etc., which can be seen to be mostly presented in the way of relief. The relief works are vivid and interesting, have great ornamental value, there are three kinds of shallow carving, deep carving, and medium carving, which are mainly directly related to the depth of the knife.

But one of the biggest drawbacks of jade carving is that it is only suitable for viewing from the front, and there is nothing on the back.

2. Round carving. Round carving is mainly the carving method of jade ornaments, it is suitable for the carving of the overall shape, the round carving works should be able to grasp the proportion when carving, because all corners need to be carved good relationship, so the technical level of the carving master is relatively high.

3. Engraving. Engraving is a carving method that uses a better Kaihumo, but the effect of this carving method is very three-dimensional, so that the jade can be presented in 360 degrees, but it needs to be dug and dirty, which is more troublesome, and the jade may be destroyed if you are not careful, and it is more difficult.

What are the jade carving techniques? The more common jade carving techniques are these, and the jade carving effects presented by these three jade carving techniques are different. The jade carving process is very deep and has a wide range of uses, and the beauty is very good, but it also reminds everyone that it is not suitable to learn.

When you first start learning jade carving, you will encounter many problems, and you must be able to ask questions and study patiently, so as to have the opportunity to carve a perfect jade carving handicraft.

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An overview of the expression techniques of jade carving technology.

To summarize the jade carving techniques in China, there are mainly the following types:

Line engraving: that is, a single line is engraved into a pattern pattern.

Thin meaning: that is, a very shallow thin relief with a pictorial meaning.

Round carving: that is, three-dimensional carving.

Embossing: that is, carving a raised pattern or shape on a flat surface.

Inner carving: It is a jade carving technique that carves round carving and relief shape inside the deep jade.

Intaglio: In contrast to relief, it is carved out of a flat surface. Pattern or shape. Also known as Yin carving.

Pretty color carving: that is, the skillful use of a variety of colors of jade, so that different colors are just distributed in the required parts of the jade carving, so that the work has a sense of skillful work.

Floor carving: also known as openwork carving, that is, carving is not limited to one side of the jade, but penetrates the jade material, hinge carving, so that there are many spaces that communicate on both sides in the jade. In addition, there are many professional terms for jade carving techniques, and when we look through books about jade carving, especially books on ancient jade, if we do not understand the meaning, it is difficult to learn how to appreciate them according to the meaning of the words.

Such as double groove yang pattern or double groove line, yin carving, yang carving, subtracting the ground yang pattern and so on.

The double groove yang pattern, also known as the double hook yin line pattern, is a carving technique that only appeared in the Shang Dynasty. It is a juxtaposition of yin engraved double lines, which looks like yang lines, but in fact they are not, but the two sides of the lines are shallow grinding off two concaves, they are oblique shallow grooves, not straight down the cut wall, so they look like yang pattern relief. This characteristic is directly related to the wheels of the time.

Even if today's processing tools are imitations, they are easy to make flaws in the details.

Subtracting the ground yang pattern, also known as subtracting the ground flat convex, refers to a kind of bas-relief, and the shallow convex ornamentation is above the ground (plane). This kind of yang pattern is achieved by grinding the "ground", that is, the "subtracting the ground". This carving technique is found in Shang Dynasty jade.

Yin carving, yang carving is easier to understand literally, yin carving is concave carving, yang carving is embossing, just a description of the ornamentation, and there is no meaning of pondering the technique, different eras may be realized methods and characteristics are different.

In short, all kinds of jade carving techniques have deduced magnificent oriental art for the world.

The three techniques of jade carving wax are as follows

Clause. 1. Relief. There are three ways to divide the inside of the relief, mainly according to the depth of the carving by the carver in the carving process, which is divided into bas-relief, medium-relief and high relief, and the effect of Hetian jade carved at different depths is obviously different.

As we can imagine, the deeper the carving, the stronger the three-dimensionality, and the shallower the carving, the more flat.

Moreover, no matter what kind of relief carving, it is generally carved on a relatively flat jade plate, and the carving technique generally adopts the technique of combining lines and surfaces, which is a carving technique integrating painting and carving. Relief carving is the most commonly used carving technique in these three carvings, because the ** of Hetian jade is higher, and the waste of raw materials can be reduced through this method.

Clause. Second, round carving. Round carving is one of the more difficult of the three carving techniques.

The round carved Hetian jade is relatively large in size, and it is generally not suitable for wearing, so it is used to play and collect. Moreover, the round carving is also a great test for the carver, because it needs to be carved from all sides of Hetian jade.

Unlike reliefs, which can only be observed from one direction, it can be seen from four aspects: up, down, left and right. This requires the engraver to have a good grasp of the proportions, and not only requires the portrait to be realistic and vivid, but also to accurately express emotions, especially the depiction of the eyes of the characters, which is difficult.

Clause. 3. Engraving. That is, hollow engraving. This is the most difficult of the three carving methods we have introduced. Hollowing refers to carving hollow out the background of the entire carved work, which is a search based on relief and round carving.

And with the continuous integration of Chinese and Western cultures, the shapes presented by the carvings are not necessarily all particularly traditional with Chinese characteristics. Engraving is one of the three carving methods with the strongest sense of space, and at the same time, it does not lack a sense of three-dimensionality.

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Characters

The characters are vivid and multi-faceted, as long as one foot is on the ear, the four-skin behavior is not ordinary. It's up to you to do it.

This shows that the vertical point where the carved figure stands, the heel and the ear are straight, can stand, if not carved according to this law, there will be a problem. The standing footwork is shaped like four characters: eight-character step, T-shaped step, one-word step, and two-word step.

The proportions of the human body are important, and men are taller than women.

There is a difference between male and female bodies, and the male body is thick and slender and the spring banquet is healthy and the female is slender.

The middle line of the head and face and the two eyes, three stops and five eyes should be remembered.

Standing seven sitting, five squatting, three or four, and bending the hand with the head just against the waist.

The width of the shoulders is two units wider than the head, and the hand touches the tip of the eyebrows with the cheeks.

The toes of the heels are all at the end of the toes, and the heels are flat and hip-high.

Put the bamboo back and forth with two hands,Anterior to the stool and behind the anus.

The two bamboos stretch out in a cross shape, with the top of the head and the heel of the square square.

The top of the head is flat at the top of the elbow, and the Qulong boxers are shoulder to shoulder.

The child's head is big and his eyes are big, and his mouth and hands are short.

Keep in mind the proportions of the human body, and the characters can be carved well.

Maitreya Buddha mantra

Maitreya has five shorts, a short body, a short head, and short hands and feet.

The fingers are fat and short, only the abdomen is large and the ears are long.

The soft long lines are folded in the clouds, resembling a round ball with a smile on its face.

Hold the bag and let it be, and the funny expression is pleasant.

Note: Maitreya Buddha, also known as Budai monk, is very happy. It is characterized by five wears, that is, short body, short head, short hands, short feet, short flat fingers, only the ears are more than the one, and the shoulders are lowered. Its shape is like a round ball, and the folds of its clothes are soft and long, like a peer cloud.

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Guanyin Bodhisattva

The face is like a rectangular plump and soft, and the willow leaves are light and the eyebrows are like a crescent moon.

The head hangs down, the chest and the abdomen are closed, and the eyes are like lotus casting.

The orchid tender finger net bottle hold, the palm of the foot slightly exposed floating in the sea.

The sleeves attract the wind and waves, and put them on the lotus or talk head.

Note: Guanyin Bodhisattva. The husband should show great compassion and solemnity, his head should be drooping, his chest should be straight, his face should be rectangular, his muscles should be plump, his eyebrows should be like a crescent moon, and the tips of his ten fingers should be like orchids. The silver folds are smooth, and the clouds are flowing like flowing water. Standing barefoot on top of a lotus flower or crow.

Ladies

Melon seed face, phoenix eyes, cherry mouth.

Orchid hands, willow waist, herringbone shoulders.

Emoticons

If you want to laugh, the corners of your eyes are hanging and the corners of your mouth are curled.

If you want to cry, the corners of your mouth are hanging and your eyebrows are frowned.

If you want to be evil, squeeze a pinch of eyebrows, eyes, nose and mouth.

If you want to be good, Guanyin face.

If you want to rape, triangular eyes.

Birthday boy

The four heads of the whole body are just like the forest tree, and the forehead protrudes like a peach.

The face is wrinkled, the ears are lobe, the shoulders are lobes, the teeth are missing, the eyes are squinted, and the mouth is smiling.

The beard is long and hangs on the chest, and he holds a dragon cane and holds a longevity peach.

Flowers and plants of traditional jade carving techniques.

The dragon and phoenix of traditional jade carving techniques.

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The earliest jade artifacts found and manufactured in China date back about 6,000 years. Jade represents the class system, but here we have to say the word "Rui". In ancient times, it referred to the spirit of Tian Rui, which was a symbol of good luck and good luck.

In addition, it also means that it is the destiny of heaven. This article is recorded in detail in the "Book of Rites and Rituals": "The Son obtains the Tao of Heaven, that is, only the Son of Heaven can attain the Dao."

Although others can get it, they must obey the Son of Heaven. "If the concubine is Rui, the concubine and the fifth-class jade are also, the prince takes the right as the right of heaven, and the right of heaven is Rui. Therefore, the prince is the right, the jade power is also called Rui, the book cloud is the five Rui, and the cloud class is also the queen of the group.

Therefore, from here, we can see how much Ruiyu shows a person's identity and status, and how important the meaning of Ruiyu represents, not only in the name and form of jade, but also in the way of obtaining him. The beautiful meaning represented by jade In ancient times, jade not only represented a noble spirit, but also had a spiritual function. In Confucianism, research is based on reality, so I don't believe in ghosts and gods.

However, in the Book of Rites, although the author is cautious about the theory of ghosts and gods, he does not rule out the psychic effect of jade in his speech. "The people of Zhou are still stinky, full of stink, melancholy, and the stinky yin reaches the source. They were filled with Zhang Gui and were used by the king.

Note: "Irrigation, that is, after worshiping the gods, consider returning to the king." ""Rites and Rituals"" return, Hu, sacrifice to ghosts and gods.

Therefore, jade is used as an artifact to worship the gods because it is believed that jade can express wishes to the gods, and it also represents infinite reverence for the gods. It is also recorded in the year of "The Book of Rites Zeng Ziwen" that when the emperor or the royal family traveled, they also used jade to pray to their ancestors: "Confucius Festival:

When the emperor and the prince came out, they told your ancestors with coins, silks, and skins, and then took them out and offered them, put them in the car, and each family drank wine, and then they gave up, but they could talk and set the wine. The pawn, coin, and jade are hidden between the two steps, but they are out and cover your life.

It is to pray to the ancestors with coins and silk before going out, then take out these items and put them in the car, pray once when returning to the court, and then bury the jade. "Rites and Rites Ming Tang Position" said that the jade in the sacrificial world must be very square, and for other sacrificial activities, there is also its unique jade "At the end of June and summer, the big temple worships Zhou Gong, and the ceremony is rare,......Fill the jade Zhan, recommend the jade bean carving, Jue still carves the jade face, and the corners of the wall are scattered ......"Each has a different form.