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Anonymous users2024-02-12Phlegm is a substance that is made up of many components. Its high fluid content is the result of the transport of ions and water by the epithelium, while its macromolecules are mainly the products of blood leakage or local secretion of cells.
Albumin is mainly derived from the blood, while mucus cells secrete glycoproteins, and serous cells secrete antimicrobial proteins (such as lysosomes and ferrotransferin) and protease inhibitors. Receptors on the cell surface are activated by signaling molecules (i.e., neurotransmitters), which in turn activate signal transduction pathways that lead to elevated intracellular calcium, resulting in exocytosis of secretory granules.
After the release of the particles, the mucin forms a polymeric gel through the winding inside the cell. Serous cell products and molecules from the blood interact with mucins to regulate the viscosity of the gel. Mucus, combined with the mechanical activity of epithelial cilia, acts as a transfer band, transporting dirt from the airways at a speed of 10 20 m per minute.
The increase in the viscosity of sputum is mainly related to the increase in the content of acidic glycoproteins in sputum, which is due to the fact that glycoprotein molecules rely on different bonds (e.g., disulfide bonds, hydrogen bonds, etc.) to be cross-linked together to form a gel network. Sputum contains electrolytes, which are high in Ca2+, which can increase viscosity.
In respiratory tract infections, the DNA produced by the nuclear destruction of a large number of inflammatory cells also significantly increases the viscosity of sputum, forming so-called purulent sputum, which is not easy to discharge. The pH of sputum also affects its viscosity, with the viscosity of sputum increasing in acidic liquids and decreasing in alkaline liquids.
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Anonymous users2024-02-11First, the constitution is weak, the middle qi is insufficient, and due to the lack of luck in the spleen, the water and dampness can stay and condense into phlegm.
second, the spleen and stomach are weak, and the spleen and stomach are damaged; or eat raw food, melons and fruits, and Zhongyang is injured; Or drinking too much water due to fever, unable to transport the spleen, etc., can make the water stay wet and gather into phlegm. There is also indulgent food and sweetness, turbidity in the stomach is steaming, and dampness and heat can also be turned into phlegm and turbidity.
Thirdly, if the external sense is not treated, or the body is weak and repeatedly suffers from external sense, the lung qi is injured, and the bladder can not be infused with the four cloths through the waterway, so that the water can stay, and it can also become phlegm, and the phlegm is stored in the lungs, and the lung qi is unfavorable, and the phlegm gushes into the airway, which will cause cough and phlegm.
Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the production of phlegm is mainly related to the lungs and spleen. The lungs breathe mainly and regulate the entry and exit and rise and fall of zongqi (yuanqi). If the lungs are not stabilized, coughing, wheezing, and lying inequality may occur.
When the wind evil or cold evil invades the lungs, the fluid in the lungs condenses into phlegm. The spleen is the main transport, that is, the digestion and transport of nutrients to the various organs. If dampness invades the human body, or if it is overly thoughtful, tired, or undisciplined, it can hurt the spleen and cause it to lose its function of transport, causing the dampness to stop and condense into phlegm.
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