Why did most of Europe s scientific elite go to the United States in World War II?

After World War II, most of Europe's scientific elite chose to go to the United States for several reasons:

1.The impact of the war: During World War II, all countries in Europe were devastated by the war to varying degrees, and many scientists left their countries for the United States to escape the war.

2.Brain drain: After World War II, due to the economic depression and difficult living conditions in European countries, many scientists chose to leave Europe because they could obtain a better research environment and material living conditions in the United States.

3.Advantages of the United States: The United States has achieved tremendous development in World War II, and its economic, scientific, technological, and cultural levels have improved significantly. At the same time, the United States also invested a lot of resources in attracting the best talent from around the world after the war, including poaching a group of scientific elites from European countries.

4.U.S. policy: The U.S. attaches great importance to the development of science and technology, and offers many preferential policies to attract global scientific elites, such as providing competitive salaries, advanced research facilities, etc.

5.Academic environment: The United States has some of the best universities and research institutions in the world, which have abundant resources and excellent peer review systems, which can provide scientists with a broader space for development and better career development opportunities.

6.Cultural factors: The United States has a multicultural and liberal social environment, which makes it easier for scientists to communicate and collaborate freely in life and work, and to integrate into local society.

In summary, most of the European scientific elites chose to go to the United States after World War II, mainly due to the impact of the war, brain drain, American advantages, policy support, academic environment, and cultural factors.

It's normal. First the Nazis.

Excluding the Jews, a large number of scholars can only leave Germany, which has the most developed scientific and technological level in Europe, to start research, and naturally they can only go to the United States, which has the best conditions, and they never come to Asia.

So the United States attracted the first people.

After the war in Europe, a large number of scientists could not carry out research, and the United States, a paradise, naturally became the best place to go.

By World War II. In the end, the United States poached people everywhere, where the conditions for scientific research were good and the remuneration was high.

And Europe is in the dark.

I couldn't carry out research at all, so I naturally went to the United States.

Before World War II, American science was only second- or third-rate at best, and Hitler drove almost all of Europe's most outstanding scientists to the United States, without whom the United States, although economically rich, would certainly not be able to compete with the Soviet Union scientifically, and even whether it could be compared with Japan was a question.

The United States has been restricting, but Latin American countries are too close to the United States, smuggling or something is easy, and Congress has been ambiguous about illegal immigrants in the past two years, and I don't know why...

The U.S. Army, Navy, and Marine Corps Air Corps produced more than 1,300 ace pilots in World War II. It was less than 1% of the 100,000 pilots who participated in the war at that time. However, the records created by the aces accounted for 30%-40% of the total records of the three armies.

There are 48 people who shot down at least 15 aircraft in the US Army Aviation ace, and the top three are:

1. Major Bunge.

Born on September 24, 1920, he enlisted in the army in 1941, mainly using the P-38, and won 40 aircraft until December 17, 1944, and died on August 6, 1945 in the P-80 jet test flight.

2. Major McGaa.

Born on August 1, 1920, he enlisted in the army in 1941, mainly using the P-38 aircraft, and wrote the book "South Pacific Air Combat Technology Act", with a record of 38 aircraft. On January 7, 1945, he was shot down by Warrant Officer Akira Sugimoto of the Japanese Air Force and killed.

3. Lieutenant Colonel Gobleski.

Polish-American, born on June 28, 1919, enlisted in the army in 1941, mainly using the P-47, and became a star in the European theater of the air, with a record of 28 aircraft.

The top three aces of the US Navy are:

1. Lieutenant Colonel McBell.

Born on January 16, 1910, he enlisted in the army in 1933 and achieved 34 aircraft in half a year.

2. Lieutenant Colonel Harris.

Born on December 2, 1916, he enlisted in the army around 1940, mainly using the F4F, with a record of 24 aircraft (22 of them were obtained in 81 days). Also a rare pilot who has never been hit by a single bullet.

3. Major Balin Xia.

Born on April 13, 1921, he enlisted in the army around 1940, nicknamed "Lawn Mower", with a record of 23 aircraft.

The top three aces of the U.S. Marine Corps are:

1、g.Lieutenant Colonel Boyynton.

Born on December 4, 1912, he joined the "Flying Tigers" to aid China's Anti-Japanese War, mainly using the F4U aircraft, with a record of 28 aircraft.

2. Major Foss.

Born on April 17, 1915, he enlisted in the army in 1940 and later became a good fighter in air combat, mainly using the F4F aircraft, with a record of 26 aircraft.

3. Lieutenant Hanson.

Born on February 4, 1920, enlisted in the army in 1941, mainly using the aircraft F4U, nicknamed "Killer Baobu", died on February 3, 1944, with a record of 25 aircraft.

No, but in general, they were people or talents who were very useful to the United States, and the first Puritan immigrants and the early Europeans who arrived in the United States included a large number of elites, and then a large number of immigrants were industrial workers and technicians, the poor, investment immigrants (who went to the United States to set up factories or plantations, etc., at a much lower cost than in Europe), black slaves, and so on.

By the time the United States was founded, the total population of the United States was only 3.9 million. With the exception of about 760,000 black slaves, the rest were almost entirely white, and the vast majority came from Britain and Western Europe.

After the end of the Napoleonic Wars in Europe, a large number of soldiers were demobilized, and European countries lost serious unemployment. After the European Revolution of 1848, the wave of immigration to the United States increased even higher. In the 100 years from 1820 to 1920, the United States received about 33.5 million immigrants, forming a century-long immigration wave in the United States.

This is mainly the industrial labor force and skilled workers, with the largest number of Irish and Germans, which is the main reason why Irish people are the first and Germans are the second largest in the American population today.

In the tide of immigration to the United States historically, the largest number is still labor and industrial workers, and then there are scientists and technical talents in all aspects, and there are high, medium and low-end personnel, but the basis of the historical immigration to the United States is still the middle - labor force and industrial workers.

The immigrants must be rich, sort of. At that time, most of them were really elites, but now the term elite in the mainland has become a derogatory term, referring to those nouveau riche and their children, who have little ability and brains, will spend money, show off, be self-righteous, and often lose face abroad. That's how I understand it.

Landlord, I recommend you a book. A Brief History of Race in the United States,

The Middle East problem can be traced back to its roots.

Ancient historical origins. Around the 20th century BCE, the Canaanites of the Semitic tribe on the Arabian Peninsula settled in Palestine and became the first inhabitants of the region. At the end of the 13th century BC, the Hebrews also came here and founded the Hebrew Kingdom in the 11th century BC.

Palestine was then occupied and ruled by the Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, and Romans. In the 1st century BCE, the Roman Empire, after ruling the region, expelled the Jews from the region and sent them into exile around the world. In the 7th century, Palestine became part of the Arab Empire.

After the victory over the Roman Empire and the takeover of Palestine, the Arabs continued to move in and were assimilated by the local indigenous people, gradually forming the modern Palestinian Arabs. In the 15th century, the Ottoman Turkish Empire began to rule Palestine.

The origin of the Arab-Israeli contradiction. The Middle East question involves both the Palestinian question and the Arab-Israeli dispute, and the Palestinian question is at its core. The Zionist movement in Europe emerged at the end of the 19th century, advocating the return of Jews to their native Palestine to establish a homeland, and many Jews began to emigrate to Palestine.

During World War I, Britain took over the "mandate" of Palestine from the Ottoman Turkish Empire, which had ruled Palestine for more than 400 years, and divided the region into eastern and western parts with the Jordan River as the boundary, with Transjordan (now the Kingdom of Jordan) in the east and Palestine (now Israel, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip) in the west. In 1917, Britain issued the famous Balfour Declaration, allowing Jews to return to Palestine to establish a "Jewish home". During World War II, due to Nazi Germany's policy of killing Jews, large numbers of Jews sought to emigrate to Palestine and were in constant conflict with the British ruling authorities and the local Arabs.

In November 1947, the United Nations adopted Resolution 181 on the partition of the Palestinian areas, which provided for the establishment of Arab and Jewish states in the region, with the city of Jerusalem as an international city. The Jews established the State of Israel on May 14, 1948, but the Arabs persisted in opposition and ultimately did not establish a state. Since then, the Arab-Israeli conflict has intensified, and in 1973 there were four large-scale wars.

Through the war, Israel has not only occupied the land allocated to the Arabs by United Nations resolution, but also occupied the Sinai Peninsula, the Golan Heights and southern Lebanon, as well as the entire city of Jerusalem, and nearly 1.5 million Palestinians have fled their homes and become refugees.

Details:

The Middle East issue is complex and intertwined. There are religious factors, ethnic factors, and economic factors, and there are big countries involved.

After World War II, Zionism wanted to find a place to build a state, and because the Jews were rich, economically powerful, and powerful in the United States, it was then, and it is now, so the United States has always supported the Jews.

In the end, I searched and searched and found Palestine, the home of the Jewish people. But the land was already occupied by the Arabs, and the Arabs had lived there for centuries, and it was very difficult for them to move out.

When dialogue no longer works, military action ensues. Jews and Arabs fought. At that time, Jews were supported by the United States, and Jewish elites from other countries gave up their positions and rushed to the Middle East to fight in the Regent War.

As a result, there was a huge disparity in strength between the Arabs and the Jews, and the Arabs suffered a crushing defeat.

After the establishment of Israel, the Arabs fought 5 large-scale wars with Israel, and the nature of the war also changed.

First of all, there was a war between the Arabs and Israel for land and religion. Later, for the sake of their own interests, the United States and the Soviet Union also got involved. The United States supported Israel, and the Soviet Union supported the Arabs.

Israel uses the American style, Arabia uses the Soviet style, and the Middle East has simply become a testing ground for the United States and the Soviet Union.

Due to the huge difference in the combat qualities of the personnel, the Israeli army is very combative, and the Arabs are weak. So, despite the numerical superiority, the Arabs were defeated and lost their territory. It is precisely because of this that the hatred between the two ethnic groups has become bigger and bigger, and the smell of gunpowder has not been able to come down, and conflicts have occurred from time to time.

Although there has been no major war in recent decades, and relations between the two sides have eased somewhat, there are still local skirmishes.