What diseases do apple saplings have? What disease does the apple tree have? What kind of medicine?

Is there a back view in Figure 2, it is suspected that the leaf miner moth is the pest, and the others are spotted defoliation. For apple spotted defoliation, polyantibody, pentaconazole, mycloconazole, hexazototerol, daimeng, etherstrobin, ethylphosphine, fluconazole, iprodione, etc., prochlorchlortebuconazole has a good control effect on apple spotted defoliation, brown spot and anthracnose leaf blight. 400 g of prochlorchlortaconazole is recommended to be sprayed 2000 times.

Pre-germination fungicide for apple trees: 25% Jinlishi (propiconazole % Yushi (penticonazole % Lizhi (thiophanate-methyl % Jinnahai (formabi), polyantimycin. Pesticides:

40% chlorpyrifos (chlorpyrifos), chlormethrin (deltamethrin), avermectin, 20% alitol (deltamethrin).

<> insect pests that are prone to occur in apple trees are: red spiders, two-spotted leaf mites, heart-eating insects, golden-veined moths, leaf-curling moths, apple yellow aphids, scale insects, apple cotton aphids, etc. The main diseases of Pinfana apples are:

Apple loss and fruit spot defoliation, apple powdery mildew, apple tree rot, apple brown spot, apple ring disease, apple scab, apple anthracnose, etc.

Hello, apple trees are susceptible to rot, ring disease, dry rot, spotted defoliation, anthracnose, brown spot and powdery mildew, among which rot, brown spot and spotted defoliation are the most common. After the rot disease is found, it can be coated with Baume 10 degrees stone sulfur mixture and added to the general of the tree protection 100 times of the solution, brown spot disease can be controlled with 50% antibacterial special 600 times, 50% carbendazim 800 times, spot defoliation can be controlled with 40% ethylphosphine aluminum 200 times and melon fruit Zhuang Tiling.

Apple tree rust can be controlled by spraying 800 times of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, and spraying 20-30 times of paraffin emulsifier 20 days after flowering, which can play a preventive role; Apple tree yellowing disease can be sprayed with ferric fulvic acid solution for prevention and control, and sprayed 2-3 times continuously; In early and mid-May, 8,000-10,000 times of 20%** concentrated solvent was used to spray the liquid to prevent and control yellow aphids.

1. Fruit rust prevention and control methods

1. The symptoms of apple tree fruit rust are small rust-colored particles on the surface of the fruit, rough fruit surface, serious wrinkled skin during storage, rainy weather in the young fruit stage, and easy to induce fruit rust when low temperature and high humidity.

2. 700 times of Antaisheng's 70% wettable powder, 600-800 times of 40% carbendazim suspension, 800 times of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, and 400-500 times of 70% mancozeb wettable powder can be used for spray control at the young fruit stage.

3. In addition, spray 20-30 times of paraffin emulsifier, 80-100 times of 27% high-fat film emulsion or 30 times of silica aqueous solution 10-20 days after flowering, and spray 2-3 times continuously to avoid rust.

2. Prevention and control methods of yellowing

Yellowing disease of apple tree is a common disease of alkaline soil, and its symptoms are yellow-green or yellow-white of young leaves, and when the disease is severe, the whole leaves are yellowish-white, with dead spots on the leaf margins, and the top leaves are scorched, but the lower leaves are normal. Ferrous sulfate, urea mixture or ferric fulvic acid solution can be sprayed 2-3 times in a row during the onset of the disease during the spring growth period.

3. Methods for the prevention and control of rot diseases

The onset symptoms of apple tree rot disease are reddish-brown in the diseased part, which quickly dries out and sinks, the edges are not obvious, the shape is irregular, and the branches and leaves are not lush when the disease is severe, and there is a phenomenon of many fruits. You can use 30% rotten enemy 30 times liquid, Fubiqing coating or emulsion 2-3 times liquid, Wuningmycin fermentation broth 10 20 times liquid, spring and summer each apply 1 time to prevent the spread of disease spots for a long time and reduce the rate.

Fourth, dry rot prevention and control methods

1. The bark of the tree appears dark brown or black-brown irregular lesions, which can expand upwards along one side of the trunk, with cracks at the edges, rust-colored parts that are not diseased, and sour and rotten parts that ooze brown mucus.

2. After water loss, the stiff fruit is formed, and the surface of the fruit produces small black raised spots. It can be sprayed and controlled 10 days after flowering, such as 500-800 times of 70% mancozeb wettable powder, 800-1000 times of 40% carbendazim suspension, and 500-600 times of 50% antibacterial extra wettable powder. It should be noted that young fruits within 40 days of fruit age should not be sprayed with Bordeaux liquid to prevent rust.

5. Yellow aphid control methods

In early and mid-May, when the occurrence of yellow aphid increased significantly, 3000-5000 times of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder and 8000-10000 times of 20% ** multi-concentration solvent can be sprayed, which has a strong knockdown power and obvious control effect.

Control methods of apple tree virus mosaic disease.

1. Be clear about the signs of the virus tree, do not prune the tools with poison, and the tools that touch the virus tree should be disinfected with "peracetic acid". Control the occurrence of aphids and red spiders to prevent the spread of insect vectors. Laughing.

2. Increase the application of organic fertilizer, prebiotic fertilizer, silicon fertilizer, and strengthen the tree potential. Each tree was applied with 3 kg of "black and bright or all things good" amino acid organic fertilizer, 4-5 kg of "Zhuang Jiabao" bacterial fertilizer, 1 kg of mosaic and leaf green fertilizer, and 2 kg of white Russian 45% compound fertilizer.

3. Irrigate the roots with pesticides, irrigate the roots with "Bacillus polymyx" (Kangdirede) with 300 times of amino acids, 30-60 catties of liquid medicine per plant, and irrigate after germination or young fruit stage.

4. On the basis of the normal medication regimen, the prevention and control of foliar pesticides after flowering is 600 times that of "Ningnanmycin + 600 times that of Virus No. 2."

Points for planting apple trees:

1. There is no natural dormancy period for apple roots, and there are 2 3 growth peaks in adult trees within a year, which are transferred according to the distribution of photosynthetic products, the rapid detection rate of aboveground organ formation, soil temperature, moisture and other external environments.

2. Apples prefer cold, dry, and sunny climatic conditions. It is generally believed that the average temperature of 12 degrees Celsius and 18 degrees Celsius during the growing season in April and October is the most suitable for the growth of apples.

3. Apples are suitable for sandy loam soils with deep soil layer, good drainage and rich in organic matter.

Pest control techniques can be divided into the following categories according to the nature of their action:

1) Agricultural control is also known as cultivation control, that is, the prevention and control of pests and diseases through cultivation measures. For example, apple planting systems and rational layouts, as well as various technical management measures from germination to fruit harvest, can be used to control pests and diseases. This kind of control method has a long history and is widely used, does not increase the cost of additional control, does not produce pest resistance, does not kill natural enemies, does not pollute the environment, etc.

The most commonly used in production, such as the combination of autumn tillage to eliminate overwintering pests, can reduce the occurrence base of insect population in apple orchards in the following year; Appropriate cultivation and management measures should be taken to improve the microclimate in the apple orchard, so as to increase the humidity and reduce the temperature in the orchard, so as to reduce the occurrence and harm of pest mites. (2) Physical and mechanical control uses physical factors or mechanical action to control pests and diseases, including from manual and simple instruments to the application of modern biophysical technology. Such as manual pruning, hunting, trapping and trapping, the use of high and low temperatures, high-frequency electricity, microwave, laser, etc.

This kind of prevention and control measures, usually as an auxiliary measure, generally do not produce undesirable measures. (3) Biological control uses organisms or their metabolites to control pests and diseases. Natural enemies such as parasitic or predatory insects, pathogens, and other animals (birds, mammals, etc.) are often used to suppress pests and diseases.

The basic ways to control pests with natural enemy insects are: protect and use local natural enemies; captive breeding, breeding and release of natural enemies; Introduce effective natural enemies from other places. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 200 kinds of natural enemies in apple orchards, which belong to 6 orders, 37 families, and more than 180 species of insects and 3 orders, 10 families, and more than 30 species of arachnids.

Such control measures are generally not negative. (4) Chemical control uses a variety of first-class chemical substances and their processed products to control pests and diseases. This kind of control method has the advantages of quick and intuitive, wide range of insecticide and sterilization, and simple use.

However, if it is not applied properly, it is easy to produce pest and disease resistance, kill a large number of natural enemies and pollute the environment, which will have an impact on the safety of humans and animals. In recent years, bio-derived pesticides and mineral-derived pesticides have developed rapidly, and there are many varieties, which have a high control effect on apple tree diseases and pests, and can also protect the environment and natural enemies, so the application should be vigorously promoted. (5) Plant quarantine in accordance with national laws and regulations, laws and regulations, set up special institutions to inspect plants and their products, to prevent the spread of dangerous diseases, insects and weeds from a country, a region to a new country or region.

Such as apple cotton aphid, apple gidding, American white moth, etc. (6) Other new prevention and control technologiesWith the development of modern science and technology, people are constantly exploring new ways of prevention and control technology and improving the level of comprehensive treatment technology. For example, the use of cobalt-60 radiation to cause sterility in insects; the use of insect extrasexual hormones to synthesize sexual attractants; chitin inhibitors that inhibit the normal growth and development of insects; food repellents; insecticidal and bactericidal antibiotics; plant-derived pesticides and the application of genetic engineering technology to breed insect-resistant and disease-resistant varieties.

In October, late-ripening apple varieties should be strengthened, the prevention and control of black spot disease and red spot disease, and the new high-fat film + disinfectant of 500 times the liquid is sprayed after the apple is picked to achieve sterilization, frost resistance and heat preservation, and increase the purpose of fruit finish. In case of natural disasters such as heavy rainfall after bag picking, it is necessary to spray the new high-fat film in time to restore the vitality and prevent bacterial infection, so as to reduce the occurrence of diseases during the fruit storage period. After the fruit is harvested, it is necessary to timely shape and prune, remove the diseased and insect fruits on the diseased trees, and land the diseased and insect fruits, and bury them deeply or away from the orchard to prevent the spread and spread of diseases and insects.

After the cleaning is completed, the whole garden is sprayed with tree guards to protect the tree from freezing and prevent insect pests from falling on the tree body to reproduce. Prevention and control of airborne diseases, disinfection of fruit trees. (bag).