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Because Kublai Khan's throne was seized by force, other khanates did not approve of Kublai Khan's actions.
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Because Kublai Khan's succession to the throne was considered unorthodox, and Kublai Khan's sinicization of Mongolia after his rule caused dissatisfaction among other khanates.
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Because Kublai Khan was a relatively powerful man, he often invaded other khanates.
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1. Kublai Khan won the trust of Möngke.
The reason why Kublai Khan won the trust of Möngke was because he played an important role in Möngke's becoming the Great Khan.
In fact, Möngke was not qualified to be the Great Khan. However, due to the chaos of Ogedei, he bypassed his son Guiyu and wanted to pass the throne to his grandson Lost Liemen. Later, Guiyou won the throne, but two years later Guiyou died again, and the sons and grandsons of Ogedei and his daughters-in-law and granddaughters-in-law fought for the throne.
In this case, Möngke, with the help of Batu, became a strong challenger to the Khan Hu manuscript position. Batu even sent his brother Belge with an army to help Möngke.
Nevertheless, there are actually two obstacles to Möngke's desire to become a Great Khan. One is that Genghis Khan said that the khanate must be passed on among the descendants of Ögedei. The second is that Wokotai said that he would pass on the throne to the Lost Martyrs Gate.
These two words cannot be bypassed. At that time, both the Batu Group and the Möngke Group were helpless.
But Kublai Khan thought of a solution. He said that Meng Ge was the adopted son of Ogedei, and should be counted as a descendant of Ogedei, not against Genghis Khan's edict. Also, Wokotai did pass the throne to the Lost Liemen, but Guiyou took the throne of the Lost Martyrs Gate, so Meng Ge was passed on from Guiyou, which is not considered to be a violation of the edict of Ogedei.
Kublai Khan's statement perfectly solved the theoretical problem of Möngke's succession. At the same time, Kublai Khan also led the Tuqi army to clear the peripheral obstacles to Möngke's succession. Therefore, Meng Ke trusted Kublai Khan very much, and after coming to power, he let Kublai Khan go to attack Dali, and then took charge of the affairs of Monan, laying a solid foundation for him to succeed to the throne.
2. Kublai Khan established a strong prestige in Monan.
When Kublai Khan was prime minister in Monan, he paid great attention to winning over Han intellectuals, and at the same time used Han intellectuals to carry out propaganda in the Southern Song Dynasty to build Kublai Khan into a virtuous king. In this way, on the one hand, the people of the Southern Song Dynasty only knew Kublai Khan, not Meng Ge, and on the other hand, Kublai Khan also became a benevolent king, so he gained great support.
Since childhood, he has befriended Han Chinese intellectuals.
Kublai Khan's parents attached great importance to the education of their four sons, and Yelu Chucai, the Mongolian Zhongshu Ling (equivalent to the prime minister) at that time, paid great attention to the introduction of Han intellectuals and founded academies for the children of Mongolian nobles to study, so Kublai Khan received Han culture education from an early age.
Other Mongolian children have been educated by Han culture, and the impact is not great, but Kublai Khan is different, Kublai Khan also consciously made friends with a lot of Han intellectuals, and in terms of sinicization, the Mongolian princes are the greatest. This also gave him the opportunity to finally intervene in the affairs of Monan, thus opening the model of unifying the Central Plains country.
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1) The Mongol Empire and the Yuan Dynasty are two concepts that are easily confused by many Chinese, and are both related and distinct. The Yuan Dynasty was a territory of China, excluding the other four khanates of the Mongol Empire. At the beginning of the 13th century, during the war between the Southern Song Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty, the Mongols, a nomadic people in the northern steppes, took the opportunity to grow in power.
In 1206 A.D., after Temujin successively unified the Mongol tribes, he was elected "Genghis Khan".Genghis Khan's political entity was a military slave state, which stretched from the Great Khingan Mountains in the east to the Altai Mountains in the west, the Great Desert in the south, and Lake Baikal in the north. The establishment of the Mongol Khanate was the beginning of the real military expansion of the Mongols, and since then the Mongols have continued to expand outward.
1209 In 1218, the Mongols conquered the Uighurs of Gaochang and the Western Liao, opening the gateway to Central Asia and Europe. This was followed by three large-scale Mongol expeditions to the west. The three western conquests laid the bulk of this world empire, encompassing what is now Russia and most of Europe, the eastern shores of the Mediterranean, the two river basins, Persia, and northwestern India. On the map of these empires, Genghis Khan's sons and grandchildren ruled over the four khanates.
Although the early four khanates were "princes" attached to the Mongol Great Khan, they were later mere conquests of military conquests, each developing into several separate states. The Yuan Dynasty was a minority regime established by the Mongols after conquering the Central Plains and defeating the Southern Song Dynasty. Kublai Khan, the first emperor of the Yuan dynasty, was also the successor of the Great Khan of the Mongols and maintained largely friendly relations with the aforementioned khanate.
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After Kublai Khan ascended the throne, he did not immediately attack the Chagatai Khanate, mainly for the following reasons:
Internal stability: After Kublai Khan ascended to the throne, his first task was to consolidate his position and stabilize the country's politics and economy. If war is started immediately, it may destabilize the country and affect its own rule.
Diplomatic needs: After Kublai Khan ascended to the throne, he actively carried out diplomatic activities and established friendly relations with neighboring countries to ensure the security of the country. If the Chagatai Khanate were to be attacked immediately, it might cause resentment and interference from other countries.
Military preparations: The attack on the Chagatai Khanate required adequate military preparation and troops, and when Kublai Khan ascended the throne, the Mongol Empire's army had not yet fully recovered, and it took time to strengthen its armaments in order to conduct an effective war. Zhao Heng.
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Kubchai (1215-1294), that is, Yuan Shizu, Mongolian, politician and military strategist. The fourth son of the prison state Torrey, the brother of Yuan Xianzong Meng. The last khan of the Great Mongol State and the founding emperor of the Yuan Dynasty.
Mengsui Hall Ancient Zun "Xue Chan Khan". 1]
In 1251, Meng Ke appointed Kublai Khan as the prime minister of the military affairs of the Han region in the south of the country, and stationed in the south of the capital of Hudu. He successively served as a Han Confucian scholar to rectify the rule of Xingzhou, set up a strategic department in Bianliang, rectified the military and political affairs of Henan (now Luoyang), and tuntian Tang and Deng, which received positive results. In 1253, it was fiefdomed by Jingzhao (now Xi'an, Shaanxi).
In the same year, Kublai Khan was ordered to join forces with the general Wuliang to go on an expedition to Yunnan to destroy the Dali Kingdom. In 1258, Meng Gexing invaded the Southern Song Dynasty and appointed Kublai Khan to represent the Eastern Route Army. In September 1259, Möngke died of illness on the Hezhou front.
In March 1260, Kublai Khan, under the recommendation of some kings, that is, Khan was located in Kaiping and established the Yuan Dynasty. Kublai Khan, relying on the abundant manpower and material resources of the Han region, sent troops to defeat Ali Buge.
In 1271 (to the eighth year of the Yuan Dynasty), the meaning of "Dazai Qianyuan" was taken from the Book of Changes, and the founding name was Dayuan, and it was determined that Dadu was the capital. In 1274 (to the eleventh year of the Yuan Dynasty), Boyan was ordered to attack the Song Dynasty on a large scale. In 1279 (to the 16th year of the Yuan Dynasty), the remnants of the Southern Song Dynasty in exile in Yashan were finally eliminated and the great unification of the country was completed.
After the unification of the whole country, Kublai stool was wide and reused to return to the Hui people. Ahma was in charge of the first financial affairs from the beginning of the Central Administration, and he searched in many ways, and his power became increasingly powerful. Later, Ahmad was good at government affairs.
In 1282 (to the nineteenth year of the Yuan Dynasty), there was an assassination of Ahema by Wang Shu and Gao monks. After that, Kublai Khan successively appointed Lu Shirong and Sang Ge to manage finances, but they all ended in failure. During the same period, Kublai Khan sent his troops on a series of expeditions to Japan, Annam, Champang, Burma and Java, all of which failed.
However, resisting the invasion of the northwestern kings such as Haidu and Duwa and pacifying the rebellion of the northeastern kings Naiyan had a certain positive effect. In 1294 (to the 31st year of the Yuan Dynasty), Kublai Khan died of illness.
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