The structure of the Summer Palace is ingenious, and the scenery such as Xishan and Yuquan Mountain

Background information: The Summer Palace, mainly composed of Wanshou Mountain and Kunming Lake, covers an area of 4,350 acres, and the water surface area accounts for about three-quarters. The buildings in the park are centered on the Buddha Xiang Pavilion, and there are more than 3,000 buildings in different forms such as pavilions, platforms, buildings, pavilions, corridors, pavilions, etc.

The whole park is roughly divided into three areas: the political activity area centered on Renshou Palace, the living and residential area with Leshou Hall, Yulan Hall and Yiyun Hall as the main body, and the scenic area composed of Wanshou Mountain and Kunming Lake. The buildings of the whole park are cleverly arranged according to the form of mountains and lakes, and the peaks of the west mountains are used as the borrowing scenery, which makes the scenery change endlessly and is beautiful.

The Summer Palace was successfully used"Suppression"with"Borrowing scenery"The technique of taking the peaks of the West Mountains outside the park for dozens of miles is Beijing, and the pagoda on the Yuquan Mountain is incorporated into the whole picture of the garden, and people will feel more that there are mountains outside the mountains and scenery outside the scenery from the west of the garden.

Answer: The design of the Summer Palace uses scattered perspective techniques to achieve a complete and complete building, without clutter; The scenery is widely distributed, and the effect of dispersion is not obvious.

There is a scene outside the scene, and there is a garden inside the garden, the teacher said.

The Summer Palace is located in the northwest suburbs of Beijing, and is divided into three parts: the palace area, Wanshou Mountain and Kunming Lake, covering an area of about 290 hectares. Built for emperors, this classical garden has received millions of Chinese and foreign tourists every year since its opening to the public, and has become one of China's most famous tourist hotspots. In 1998, the Summer Palace was officially inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Answer: There is a scene outside the scene, and there is a garden outside the park. layout structure.

The Summer Palace was successfully used"Borrowing scenery"with"Suppression"The technique, with the peaks of the West Mountains outside the park for dozens of miles as the background, the pagoda on the Yuquan Mountain is incorporated into the whole garden picture, and from the west of the garden, people will feel that there are mountains outside the mountain, and there is a scene outside the scene.

Borrowing scenery refers to the introduction of beautiful scenery, beautiful flowers, and buildings outside the park into the park, such as distant mountains, clouds, building outlines, etc., breaking through the limitations of the physical space of the garden from the perspective of perspective, and extending the aesthetic vision from the garden to the distant and sudden scenery outside the park, so that the inner and outer spaces of the park are connected into one and unpredictable, so as to receive the artistic effect of seeing the big in the small and rich in layers. The promenade in the Summer Palace is a typical example of borrowing scenery, it connects the Buddha Incense Pavilion in the west, and the Inviting Moon Tower in the east, winding and twisting, directly leading the line of sight to the outside of the garden, and taking in the beautiful scenery of Yuquan Mountain and West Mountain.

Scene suppression refers to the deliberate partial blocking of the scenery of the leading space in order to highlight the scenery of the main attractions in the park, so as to create the viewing method that can best follow the main scene. The most common form is to use buildings or stones as barriers in front of the main scene, dividing the space inside and outside the park as a space for the entrance sequence. For example, the Summer Palace"Shoushan Yingcui"The scenic spot is to use a corridor, a small courtyard, a leaky window, a round hole door, etc. at the entrance of the corridor to shrink the space in turn, so that the main scenery --- Wanshou Mountain forms a huge picture screen under the reflection of the last round cave door, so that the gorgeous side of the main scene is displayed in front of the visitors.

The garden design of the Summer Palace uses the ancient Chinese Zheng Changku's borrowing and suppressing techniques to the fullest, which not only fully demonstrates the beautiful scenery of the garden, but also makes clever use of the limited space, making the whole garden present a far-reaching and layered sense of space.

Chinese gardening makes the letter pay a lot of attention, and there is a trick in its envy hail "borrowing scenery", as the name suggests, the scenery is not its own, it is borrowed from others.

The foreground is the Yufeng Tower. Yufeng Pagoda is not a brother sailing in the Summer Palace, it is located on Yuquan Mountain, five or six miles west of the garden.

Summer Palace Encyclopedia Business CardSummer PalaceSummer Palace is the largest and most well-preserved royal garden in China, one of the four famous gardens in China (the other three are the summer resort of Hechen Chengde, the Humble Administrator's Garden in Suzhou, and the Lingering Garden in Suzhou), and is known as the Zen Bizen Royal Garden Museum. The Summer Palace is located in Haidian District, a suburb of northwest Beijing, 15 kilometers away from the urban area of Beijing. It is the use of Kunming Lake 、..

The descriptions of these two sites are basically the same, and the perspective of observation is also from the whole to the part.

After the Opium War, due to the decline of the Qing Dynasty's national strength, the Qingyi Garden was abolished, and there were 37,583 pieces of furnishings in the fifth year of Xianfeng (1855).

In the tenth year of Xianfeng (1860), five large imperial gardens in the northwest suburbs of Beijing, including Qingyi Garden, were savagely burned and plundered by the British and French forces. According to the inventory after the looting by the British and French forces, there are only 530 pieces of furnishings left in Qingyi Garden, and many of them are dilapidated.

I think that the description of the two attractions is basically the same, and the perspective of observation is also from the whole to the part.

The Summer Palace is an outstanding representative of ancient Chinese garden architecture, and its landscaping art and garden layout have many models that break through the pattern of traditional buildings, including the following points: a breakthrough in the symmetrical layout of the north and south. Traditional Chinese architecture prefers to adopt a symmetrical layout from north to south, but the buildings in the Summer Palace adopt a staggered layout, avoiding the symmetry of Dan and creating an open and natural atmosphere.

A breakthrough in the natural blending of terrain. The buildings, water systems and natural landscapes in the garden next to the Summer Palace are perfectly integrated, and there is no deliberate pursuit of the effect of leveling, making the whole garden appear more natural and vivid. A breakthrough in the transformation of indoor and outdoor spaces.

The architectural space and garden space of the Summer Palace are intertwined with each other to form a complete landscape system. In the Summer Palace, visitors can freely move between indoor and outdoor spaces, feeling the smooth transition between indoor and outdoor spaces. A breakthrough in the art of sculpture.

The sculpture art in the Summer Palace is natural, smooth and vibrant, no longer limited to the traditional shape in the traditional Chinese garden, showing a more diverse and contemporary sense. A breakthrough in plant configuration. The arrangement of plants in the Summer Palace pays attention to the contrast of color and texture, creating a varied landscape effect.

In addition, the Summer Palace also integrates elements such as flower beds and lawns of Western gardens to make the whole garden more colorful.

The Summer Palace adopts a scenic design technique, which is wrong, and the gardening techniques of the Summer Palace mainly include contrast and borrowing scenery.

Introduction to Contrasting Techniques:

1. In the landscape skeleton of the Summer Palace, the mountains are real and the water is virtual, and they reflect each other, forming a contrast between the virtual and the real. Wanshou Mountain is located on the north side of Kunming Lake, the mountains and rivers echo each other, and the virtual and the real complement each other, making the whole park open and giving people a grand feeling.

2. The front mountain and lake of the Summer Palace form an open garden space, with a wide water surface and a huge building volume. However, the coastline of Houshan and Houhu has shrunk dramatically, and the volume of buildings has also been reduced, creating many closed spaces. At the same time, the front hill uses a large number of deciduous tree species to set off the building and the mountain shape, while the back hill uses a large number of evergreen tree species to shade the courtyard space.

The openness of the lake in front of the mountain contrasts with the closure of the mountain and the lake in the back, creating a rich feeling of space.

3. Most of the areas around the front mountain, Li Lake and Outer Lake of the Summer Palace have open landscapes, and the layout of the scenic spots is mainly obvious. However, most of the scenic spots of Houshan and Houhu are mainly hidden.

Introduction to the Summer Palace:

1. The Summer Palace, formerly known as Qingyi Garden, is a royal garden in the Qing Dynasty of China, located in the western suburbs of Beijing, 15 kilometers away from the city, covering an area of 290 hectares, adjacent to the Old Summer Palace.

2. The whole park covers an area of square kilometers, and the water surface fiber socks account for about three-quarters. The Summer Palace is based on Kunming Lake and Wanshou Mountain, based on Hangzhou West Lake, and is a large-scale landscape garden built by absorbing the design techniques of Jiangnan gardens, and is also the most well-preserved royal palace garden, known as the "Royal Garden Museum" and a national key tourist attraction.

On May 8, the Summer Palace was officially approved by the National Tourism Administration as a national 5A-level tourist attraction. In 2009, the Summer Palace was selected as the largest surviving royal garden in China by the China World Records Association.

The aesthetic idea contained in the Summer Palace is that it is right to borrow scenes, divide scenes, and divide scenes.

1. The Summer Palace's clever and appropriate borrowing of scenery in classical Chinese gardens is a kind of pursuit of aesthetic realm. The description of borrowing scenery in the Ming Dynasty is calculated as "Chi Yu Yuanye": "borrowing", although the garden is different from inside and outside, the scenery is unrestricted, the clear mountains are towering and green, the sky is volleying, the extreme eye can see, the vulgar is screened, Jia is collected, regardless of the town, all are smoke scenes, and the so-called "clever and decent" people are also.

2. Scenes: Donggongmen District, Leshoutang, Paiyun Palace, Kunming Lake, Tongniu and Seventeen Hole Bridge, Suzhou Street, Houshan Houhu Scenic Area, Harmonious Garden.

December 1 - Scenery in the park, such as rockeries, buildings and woods, may also be used to separate them. Wanshou Mountain in the Summer Palace in Beijing is not only the main scenery in the garden, but also divides the Summer Palace into two parts: the front mountain and the back mountain.

Introduction to the Summer Palace:

The Summer Palace, a royal garden during the Qing Dynasty in China, formerly known as Qingyi Garden, is located in the western suburbs of Beijing, 15 kilometers away from the city, covering an area of square kilometers (of which the area of the Summer Palace World Cultural Heritage Area is square kilometers), and the water surface accounts for about three-quarters.

Adjacent to the Old Summer Palace. It is a large-scale landscape garden built on Kunming Lake and Wanshou Mountain, based on Hangzhou West Lake, and built by absorbing the design techniques of Jiangnan gardens, and it is also the most complete preservation of a royal palace and imperial garden, known as the "Royal Garden Museum".

Before Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty succeeded to the throne, in the western suburbs of Beijing, four large imperial gardens were built. In the fifteenth year of Qianlong (1750), the Qianlong Emperor used 4.48 million taels to honor his mother, the Empress Dowager Chongqing, and rebuilt it into Qingyi Garden here, forming a royal garden area of 20 kilometers from the current Qinghua Garden to Xiangshan.

In the tenth year of Xianfeng (1860), Qingyi Garden was burned down by the British and French forces. In the 14th year of Guangxu (1888), it was rebuilt and renamed the Summer Palace as a summer amusement place. In the twenty-sixth year of Guangxu (1900), the Summer Palace was destroyed by the "Eight-Nation Alliance", and the treasures were looted.

After the fall of the Qing Dynasty, the Summer Palace was destroyed again during the warlord scuffle and the rule of the Kuomintang.