About high school epistemology, principles and methodology of high school epistemology

Deepening of understanding: complex things contain several levels, and the level of the whole world is infinite; Due to the limitations of practice and other conditions, the depth of people's correct understanding is limited. Understanding is a process from shallow to deep, and from profound to more profound.

People should retain the precious elements of each understanding and deepen it into the next step of understanding, so that the understanding can be deepened indefinitely.

The forward movement of knowledge: things are constantly moving and changing, and the whole world is infinitely evolving. Existence determines cognition.

Therefore, understanding should move forward with the course of objective things, constantly study new situations, and put forward understandings or theories that can solve new problems. (*** Quotation The objective situation has developed, and the subjective understanding should also develop. Recognize the new contradictions and new connections in the new situation.

Personally, I feel that the so-called principle of market fairness is formulated at the macro level and all trading activities are carried out without violating social and economic conditions. For example, if the market stipulates that a diamond is 1,000 per carat, but suddenly a merchant sells it for 100, which affects the sales of other merchants and affects socio-economic stability. At the micro level, black market trading and abduction can be judged to be dishonest, but at the macro level, such behaviors affect social and economic stability, so they are judged to be violating the principle of fairness.

You just have to memorize it, take the college entrance examination immediately, and don't have time to understand.

The deepening of understanding is repetition. For example, you used to think that one family is equal to three, but later you found out that you are wrong, one family is equal to two, this is deepening.

Going is ascending. You used to only do addition, you can only do addition, not subtraction. Later, you will have to test subtraction again, and you will learn subtraction. That's how it goes.

Fairness is in terms of objective results. For example, if an act causes a party to suffer a loss, it is not fair. Dead remember that it is unfair to be short of catty, black market, and cheating.

Honesty is subjective. This is really not easy to understand, you remember, shoddy, fake and shoddy is dishonest.

There is also the cartoon "hazy price" in the textbook, which is both a violation of fairness and integrity.

Generally speaking, this kind of question with multiple limbs is a violation of both fairness and integrity. If the multiple-choice question is a single item and a single limb, set it on the top you remember and choose the best one.

Remember, the multiple-choice questions are the best. It may be that it is not right to deduct strictly, and it is right to choose the most reliable one.

Truth is conditional and objective. Truth cannot be static, it is constantly transcending itself in its development.

Knowing the nature of things is not the end of the movement of knowing. On the basis of practice, understanding should be continuously deepened in depth, expanded in breadth, and moved forward. This is determined by the infinity of objective things in time and space.

Due to the infinite and repetitive nature of understanding, it is necessary not only to deepen our understanding in depth, but also to move forward in time. to ensure that we can continue to pursue the truth.

1. In terms of depth, the understanding needs to be deepened; 2. In terms of breadth, understanding needs to be continuously expanded; 3. In the process, the understanding should continue to move forward.

The principle of fairness is mainly manifested in the following aspects:

1. Equal opportunities for civil subjects to participate in civil legal relations;

2. The interests of the parties should be balanced.

3. The parties reasonably bear civil liability.

Circumvention and abduction are not in line with the relationship between the parties and their interests should be balanced.

The parties shall follow the principle of fairness in determining the rights and obligations of the parties. The principle of fairness emphasizes that in a market economy, any business operator can only be guided by the rules of market transactions, enjoy fair and reasonable treatment, neither enjoy any privileges, nor perform any unfair obligations, and the rights and obligations are consistent. Therefore, cheating and abduction is a violation of the principle of fairness.

The principle of good faith means that the parties sincerely inform the other party of all important facts about the insurance, and do not allow any hypocrisy, deception or concealment. Moreover, this principle should be observed not only when the insurance contract is concluded, but also the principle of honesty and trustworthiness between the parties throughout the validity period of the contract and in the performance of the contract. (I don't know if you've learned this?)

The principle of good faith also has a nickname called the imperial clause. He pays more attention to the terms of the contract. The one in parentheses is what I learned at university.

I don't know if you've studied?

Hope it works for you.

Deepening your understanding is that you know more about something: its properties, for example. Features and much more.

I think the move forward in understanding is a bit similar to the upward nature of development. It's that you can follow the right one. Objectively know something.

That's just my opinion. I'm a senior in high school.

I don't know if it will help you.

High school epistemology, remembering the following two points, is very simple:

1. The dialectical relationship between phenomenon and essence - it requires "seeking essence through phenomenon" (adopting a comprehensive and analytical approach);

2. The dialectical relationship between practice and cognition -- it is required that "understanding should come in practice and be tested in practice".

Epistemology of dialectical materialism.

1 Practice-based active reflection theory.

The meaning and basic form of practice. The objective materiality, subjective initiative, and social historicity of practice.

The basic meaning of the subject and object of cognition and their interrelationships. Cognition is the active reflection of the subject on the object on the basis of practice.

The decisive role of practice in cognition. Practice is the first of understanding, the driving force for the development of understanding, the criterion for testing the truth of understanding, and the purpose of understanding. The practical point of view is the primary and fundamental point of view of dialectical materialist epistemology.

2 The dialectical movement of cognition.

The perceptual and rational forms of cognition and their dialectical relations. From perceptual to rational cognition. From rational to practical. Awareness of the active role of practice in practice.

Recognize the constant repetition and infinite development of the movement. The unity of subjective and objective, cognitive and practical concrete history.

Understanding the principles of dialectical movement is an important philosophical basis for the mass line of the proletarian party.

3 Dialectical thinking method.

The essence and meaning of dialectical thinking.

The basic principles and methods of dialectical thinking: induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, abstraction and concrete, unity of logic and history.

4 The truth of knowledge and the standard of testing truth.

Truth and its objectivity. The absoluteness, relativity, and dialectical relationship of truth. Absolutism and relativism in matters of truth.

Truth is concrete. The relationship between truth and value. Practice is the only criterion for testing truth.

The relationship between practical tests and logical proofs.

5. Knowing the world and transforming it.

Understanding the interdependence and mutual constraints of the world and transforming the world. The consistency between transforming the objective world and transforming the subjective world.

Understanding the world and transforming the world is the process of human beings moving from the kingdom of necessity to the kingdom of freedom. Freedom is the recognition of necessity and the transformation of the objective world.

The ideological line is the line of understanding in practical work. Emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts is the quintessence of Marxism-Leninism, ideology, and theory.