What are the different types of oil recovery methods 5

There are four types of oil recovery methods: self-injection oil recovery, gas lift oil recovery, rod pump oil recovery, and rodless pump oil recovery.

1. Self-injection oil production: Self-injection oil production is the lifting from the bottom of the well to the wellhead, and from the wellhead to the oil gathering station, all of which rely on the energy of the oil layer itself. The energy of self-injection oil production mainly includes two aspects, which is the pressure of the bottom hole oil flow, which is the pressure of the bottom hole and the pressure of the oil layer; It is the elastic expansion energy of the dissolved gas that enters the bottom of the well with **.

It is this energy that continuously lifts the ** from the bottom of the well to the surface.

2. Gas lift oil recovery: Gas lift oil recovery is an artificial lifting method that injects high-pressure gas from the ground into the wellbore to lift the oil to the surface when the oil well is stopped after the blowout stops. Gas lift oil production is based on the principle of U-shaped pipe, from the annular space of the tubing and the casing, through the gas lift valve installed on the tubing, the high-pressure gas is continuously injected into the tubing, so that the liquid in the tubing is mixed with the injected high-pressure gas, reducing the density of the liquid column, reducing the back pressure of the liquid column on the bottom of the well, so that a sufficient production pressure difference is formed between the oil layer and the bottom of the well, and the first in the oil layer continuously flows into the bottom of the well and is lifted to the surface.

3, rod pump oil production is the most widely used oil recovery method at home and abroad, domestic rod pump oil production accounts for about 90% of the total number of artificial lift oil production wells, it is simple equipment, less investment, convenient management, strong adaptability, from 200 300 meters of shallow wells to 3000 meters of deep wells, oil production from a few tons per day to 100 200 tons per day can be applied. In terms of equipment manufacturing, from surface pumping units, downhole pumping rods to pumping pumps, domestic products have long been serialized and complete, which can meet the needs of oilfield production. The disadvantage of the pumping pump is that the displacement is not large enough, and it cannot meet the requirements for oil wells with a daily output of more than 200 tons.

4. Non-beam pumping unit: There are many types of non-beam pumping unit, mainly in order to reduce the weight of the pumping unit, expand the use range of equipment and improve its technical and economic indicators, and the characteristics are mostly long-stroke and low-stroke, which is suitable for oil production in deep wells and heavy oil wells. The beamless pumping unit is divided into mechanical beam pumping unit and hydraulic beam pumping unit.

5. Rodless pump oil production: rodless pump oil recovery mainly includes submersible electric centrifugal pump oil production and hydraulic piston pump oil production. The electric submersible centrifugal pump is powered by the ground power supply, through the transformer, the control panel and the cable, and the electric energy is transmitted to the underground submersible motor, so that the submersible motor drives the multi-stage centrifugal pump to rotate and lift the electric energy to the surface.

There are two types: self-injection oil production method and artificial lifting oil production method.

Self-injection oil recovery and artificial oil lifting. Among them, artificial oil lifting is divided into gas lift oil recovery, rod pump oil production, rodless pump oil production (electric submersible pump oil recovery and hydraulic piston pump oil production).

Abstract:At present, the major oil fields in China are used in the first collection of the full mechanical mining mode, the main collection equipment includes beam pumping unit, belt conveyor, electric submersible pump, screw hole pump, etc., the working principle of oil production equipment is also divided into rod oil production system and barless oil production system, the principle of barless oil production system is that the ground power pump sends the power fluid to the downhole drive cylinder and reversing valve through the oil pipe, so as to drive the oil pumping pump. Next, this article will briefly introduce what oil production equipment is and what is the working principle of oil production equipment, let's take a look at it in the article!

1. What are the oil production equipment?

China has become one of the world's major energy consumption countries, the domestic energy gap is becoming more and more serious, and although the oil companies themselves produce and collect energy, but also the largest energy consumer, especially its collection equipment needs to consume a lot of energy when running, only to further improve the energy saving technology, and constantly innovate the first collection process, in order to stabilize China's energy consumption problem.

Among them, oil production machinery is mainly divided into two categories:

1. The production machinery of the rod oil production system, including the beam pumping unit, the belt pumping unit, the chain pumping unit, the special-shaped pumping unit, etc., has two shortcomings in the rod oil production system

1) The equipment is complex, low efficiency and high energy consumption.

2) The phenomenon of eccentric wear is serious, and the maintenance period of oil wells is short, resulting in high downhole operation costs.

2. The production machinery of the rodless oil production system mainly includes electric submersible pumps, hydraulic piston pumps, etc., and the rodless oil production system also has two shortcomings

1) First, the efficiency is low and the energy consumption is high.

2) Second, the universality is poor.

2. What is the working principle of oil production equipment?

1. The working principle of the rod oil production system.

It works on the following principle: when the piston goes up, the discharge valve closes by the liquid column in the tubing and discharges a section of liquid equivalent to the length of the piston stroke. At the same time, the pressure of the liquid column in the chestnut cylinder decreases, and under the action of the liquid column pressure of the annular space of the tubing and the casing, the suction valve is opened, and the liquid in the well enters the pump and occupies the space vacated by the piston.

When the piston descends, the liquid column in the pump barrel is compressed, and the pressure increases, and when this pressure is equal to the pressure of the liquid column in the annular space, the suction valve closes by its own weight. When the pressure in the pump exceeds the pressure of the liquid column in the tubing, the liquid column in the pump will open the discharge valve and turn into the tubing.

2. The working principle of the rodless oil production system.

The downhole part is the main unit of the hydraulic piston pump, which is composed of three parts: oil engine, hydraulic piston pump and slide valve control mechanism. The ground power pump sends the power fluid to the downhole drive cylinder and reversing valve through the oil pipe, thereby driving the oil pumping pump.

At present, the world has formed four major technical series of tertiary oil recovery, namely chemical flooding, gas flooding, thermal flooding and microbial flooding. Among them, chemical flooding includes polymer flooding, surfactant flooding, alkali flooding and their compound binary, ternary composite flooding, foam flooding, etc.; Gas flooding includes CO2 miscible and immiscible flooding, nitrogen flooding, hydrocarbon gas flooding and flue gas flooding, etc.; Thermal flooding includes steam huff and puff, hot water flooding, steam flooding and ignition oil layers. Microbial flooding includes microbial profile control or microbial oil flooding. Among the four major tertiary oil recovery technologies, some have been industrialized, some are carrying out pilot mine tests, and some are still in theoretical research.

1) Chemical flooding Since the peak of chemical flooding in the United States in the 80s of the 20th century, chemical flooding has been used less and less in the United States, but it has been successfully applied in China. China's chemical flooding technology has represented the world's advanced level, among which, polymer flooding technology was industrialized in 1996; During the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, Daqing Oilfield formed a binary composite flooding technology of "alkali + polymer + surfactant" with alkylbenzene sulfonate as the main agent, and Shengli Oilfield formed an alkali-free binary composite flooding technology of "polymer + surfactant". At present, the "alkali + polymer + surfactant + natural gas" foam composite flooding laboratory research and mine test have been carried out. 2) Thermal flooding The thermal flooding technology first used in the heavy oil exploitation of Venezuela in the 50s of the 20th century is steam huff and puff, because the steam huff and puff technology is accompanied by the actual situation that the huff and pit effect is gradually reduced, steam flooding and ignition oil layer have become the main replacement methods.

At present, steam flooding technology has become a large-scale industrial application of heat recovery technology in the world. In order to improve the thermal effect, the advanced technologies of heavy oil exploitation developed abroad in recent years include horizontal well steam-assisted gravity drainage technology (SAGD) and electromagnetic wave thermal recovery technology. SAGD has become a well-established technology for the international development of ultra-heavy oil, while electromagnetic thermal recovery technology is considered to be the best alternative method in areas where steam flooding is not carried out, but the test effect is not as good as that of steam injection in Brazil.

3) Gas injection flooding In the 70s of the 20th century, hydrocarbon gas flooding was mainly successfully applied in Canada, and by the 80s, CO2 miscible flooding became the most important tertiary oil recovery method in the United States. Nitrogen or flue gas technologies are less commonly used. 4) Microbial flooding Microbial flooding is basically in the stage of indoor research and pilot experiments.

The main purpose of tertiary oil recovery is to enhance the recovery of the mouth. It includes carbon dioxide injection, polymer injection, bacteria injection and other mining methods.

The principle of oil recovery is simply ().

Self-spraying principle. Fracking Yuan Song Zheng Li.

Differential pressure principle. The principle of the difference in the position of the liquid field.

Correct Answer: The principle of differential pressure is bending.

<> hello! Pro-Beikuan, I am very happy to have your question of the model, what equipment is needed in the oil production process to help you inquire: the main collection equipment includes beam pumping unit, belt conveyor, electric submersible pump, screw pump, etc., dear, the main collection equipment includes beam pumping unit, belt conveyor, electric submersible pump, screw pump, etc., the most commonly used deep well pump oil production device is the beam pumping unit - pumping pump device, which includes Lingzhi pumping unit, the surface part of the pumping well wellhead device and includes the pumping rod, pumping pump, Tubing and other downhole parts are composed, among which the pumping unit, sucker rod and pumping pump are the most important parts of this pumping device, that is, the so-called "three pumping equipment" of the quiet family.

Simple process.

The oil exploitation methods include self-injection oil production and mechanical oil recovery, and the self-injection oil production is due to the high pressure of the underground oil bearing layer, and the oil production mode can be sprayed out of the wellhead by its own pressure. Mechanical oil production is the use of various types of pumps to pump out of the well, at present, China's oil exploitation is dominated by mechanical oil production. Different geological conditions and different oil properties adopt different mechanical mining methods.

The viscosity is less than 50 mPascal. seconds, the density is less than ** (called thin oil), generally with conventional mining. For viscosities greater than 50 mPascal.

seconds, the density is greater than ** (called heavy oil), generally with thermal oil recovery, that is, the use of hot steam huff and puff, dilute oil and heat tracing oil recovery mode. Taking the Liaohe Oilfield as an example, the cold climate is characteristic of winter in the north. In addition to a part of the thin oil, most of the oil is heavy oil and extra-heavy oil, due to the heavy components, viscosity, relative density, under the conditions of the reservoir, it can hardly flow, can not be exploited by conventional methods, has brought a series of problems to production and the environment.

Our oilfield is exploited by thermal oil recovery, dilution, emulsion and viscosity reduction.

Dilution mining: that is, a certain amount of thin oil with low viscosity is added to heavy oil to reduce viscosity.

Thermal oil recovery: that is, steam huff and puff, steam flooding, is to inject high temperature and high pressure steam into the oil layer, heat the oil layer, increase the viscosity, increase the fluidity, and promote the flow of the oil layer to the production well. In addition, after injecting steam to heat the oil layer, the steam becomes hot water flowing, replacing the stagnant void in the oil layer.

**Heated by injected steam, in which the light components will be gasified, and the hydrocarbon volume expansion will also push ** to the production well.

Emulsification and viscosity reduction: that is, an aqueous solution containing surfactants is mixed into heavy oil, and a hydrophilic wetted surface is formed on the surface of the tubing and sucker pipe. Greatly reduce the resistance of oil flow, so that the oil can be extracted normally.

1. By pressing boiling water or high-temperature water vapor, or even by burning part of the underground petroleum dao;

2. Nitrogen is pressed in;

3. Press in carbon dioxide to reduce.

It belongs to the viscosity of petroleum;

4. Press light gasoline to reduce the viscosity of oil;

5. Press into an aqueous solution that can decompose the oil from the rock;

6. Press in an aqueous solution of a substance (detergent) that improves the surface tension between oil and water (interfacial tension meter) to decompose the oil from the rock;

7. These means can be combined. Still, there is a significant amount of oil that cannot be extracted. The exploitation of underwater oil fields is the most difficult.

To exploit underwater oil fields, floating oil platforms are used. This is where directional drilling is most used, and it is possible to expand the mining area of the platform.

The oil recovery method usually refers to the method used to extract the ** that flows to the bottom of the well to the surface, including two categories: self-injection oil production method and artificial lifting method. The method of using the energy of the reservoir itself to spray oil to the ground is called self-injection oil recovery method; When the energy of the oil layer is low and cannot be self-sprayed, a certain amount of mechanical equipment is needed to replenish the energy of the oil flow at the bottom of the well, so as to lift the oil to the surface, and this oil recovery method is called manual lifting or mechanical oil recovery. According to the way of replenishing energy to the bottom well oil flow, the artificial lifting method can be further subdivided, which can be referred to in the figure.

The quality of oil production directly affects the production and efficiency of underground "black gold" mining.

Figure Classification of oil recovery methods.