What is an ionic bond and what is a covalent bond, explain below

Ionic bond. An ionic bond is formed after becoming an ion by losing or gaining electrons from two or more atoms or chemical groups. There is electrostatic action between oppositely charged ions, when two oppositely charged ions are close together, they are attracted to each other, and there is electrostatic repulsion between electrons and electrons, nuclei and nuclei, and when electrostatic attraction and electrostatic repulsion reach equilibrium, ionic bonds are formed.

Therefore, an ionic bond refers to a chemical bond formed by electrostatic interaction between anions, cations. Ionic bonds are chemical bonds, most salts, bonds formed by alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, and active metal oxides have ionic bonds. Compounds that contain ionic bonds are called ionic compounds.

Ionic bonds are related to the melting boiling point and hardness of an object.

Covalent bond. It is a kind of chemical bond, two or more atoms use their outer electrons together, ideally to reach the state of electron saturation, thus forming a relatively stable chemical structure called covalent bond, or covalent bond is the interaction between atoms formed by sharing electron pairs. Its essence is that after the overlapping of atomic orbits, there is a high probability of electrons between two nuclei and the electrical interaction between two nuclei.

Distinguish. Ionic bond.

Ionic bonds are formed by the transfer of electrons (cations for those who lose electrons and anions for those who gain electrons). That is, the chemical bond formed between the positive and negative ions due to the electrostatic attraction. Ions can be single ions, such as Na+, Cl-; It can also be formed from clusters of atoms; Such as SO4

2-, no3-, etc.

The ionic bond has a strong force, no saturation, and no directionality. The minerals formed by ionic bonds are always in the form of ionic crystals.

Covalent bonds] The formation of covalent bonds is the pairing of electrons with opposite spin directions between two adjacent atoms, at which point the atomic orbitals overlap each other, and the density of the electron cloud between the two nuclei increases relatively, thereby increasing the gravitational attraction to the two nuclei. The covalent bond has a strong force and is saturated and directional. Because only electrons with opposite spin directions can be paired to form bonds, covalent bonds are saturated; In addition, when atomic orbitals overlap each other, the symmetry condition and the maximum overlap condition must be satisfied, so the covalent bond is directional.

Covalent bonds can be further divided into three types:

1. Non-polar covalent bonds.

The cloud of electrons that form a covalent bond is located right in the middle of the two atoms that are bonded, like the C—C bond of diamond.

2. Polar covalent bonds.

The electron cloud that forms a covalent bond is biased towards an atom with a greater attraction to the electron, such as pb—s

key, the electron cloud is biased to the side of S and can be represented as PB S.

3. Valence key.

The shared electron pair is provided by only one atom alone. As in the zn—s bond, the shared electron pairs are provided by zinc.

1. Chemical bond is a general term for the strong interaction force between two or more adjacent atoms (or ions) in the molecule or crystal of a pure substance. The force that binds ions or atoms together is known as chemical bonding.

2. Covalentbond is an interaction between atoms formed by sharing electron pairs (electron cloud overlap). The electrons that form an overlapping electron cloud move around all the bonding atoms.

3. The interaction between oppositely charged ions is called ionicbond, and the essence of bonding is the electrostatic interaction between anion and ion. When the electronegativity between two atoms is very different, it is generally a metal and a non-metal.

1) The essence of ionic bonds is --- electrostatic interaction between cations and cations (the balance of gravitational and repulsive forces)!

2) The essence of a covalent bond is that --- share electron pairs (overlapping electron clouds)!

It is a general term for the strong interaction force between two or more adjacent atoms (or ions) within a molecule or crystal. High definition: The force that binds ions or atoms together is commonly known as chemical bonds.

There are 3 limit types of chemical bonds in which all substances are composed of atoms, molecules, and ions, namely ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and metallic bonds. Bonding particles: anions, cations.

Bonding Essence: Electrostatic Action. Electrostatic action includes electrostatic attraction between anions and cations, and electrostatic repulsion between electrons and electrons, and between nuclei.

Range: Ionic bonds are present in most strong bases, salts, and metal oxides. Covalent bond formation is when the atomic orbitals of bonding electrons overlap, and for the covalent bond to be stable, the overlap must be maximum.

As apart from the s orbital, the other orbitals have a certain direction of extension Metallic bonds are a type of chemical bond, which is mainly present in metals. It is formed by a combination of electrostatic attraction between free electrons and metal ions arranged in a lattice.

You just need to know that non-metal atoms are bonded by covalent bonds, and non-metal and metal atoms are bonded by ionic bonds!