What are the social benefits of solar PV?

The social benefits of the photovoltaic industry are mainly reflected in the following six aspects:

1) Solve the problem of people without electricity and electricity consumption in poor areas.

Every 3,460 yuan investment in independent photovoltaic can solve the electricity consumption of one person; However, investing in the power grid requires 13,385 yuan, which is twice that of independent photovoltaics.

2) Achieve targeted poverty alleviation.

2015 In 2017, about 2 million poor households will receive a stable income of 3,000 yuan per year in the next 20 years, which is equivalent to providing 6 billion yuan of poverty alleviation funds every year.

3) Promote the integration of the central and western regions.

The western region attracts photovoltaic manufacturing enterprises to invest with low energy and labor costs. At present, 57% of the polysilicon production capacity is in the western region, and this figure may reach 76% by the end of 2018. The new production capacity of other links is basically in the west. At the same time, by the end of 2016, 40% of the country's photovoltaic installed capacity was in the western provinces, making full use of the abundant local solar energy resources and desertified land, and effectively improving the desertification of the land.

4) Activate private capital and promote the diversification of the main body of the energy industry.

From extraction to power generation, traditional energy is basically controlled by state-owned enterprises. The photovoltaic industry, especially distributed photovoltaics, has broken the geographical factors of traditional energy, lowered the entry threshold, and provided the possibility for a wider range of small and medium-sized enterprises and the public to participate in the energy industry.

Among the enterprises with large holdings, state-owned enterprises and private enterprises each account for half of the country, while small-scale holders are mainly private enterprises. The characteristics of photovoltaic power generation determine that it is the main force to promote the diversification of the main body of the energy industry. This shift in role will have a significant and far-reaching impact on the evolution and development of the energy system.

5) Intensive land use, popularization of renewable energy, and layout of energy Internet.

The new form of development of photovoltaic power generation and other industries has become one of the measures for the development and transformation of many regions, and on the basis of the original function, the original building has increased the effect of power generation and energy saving, and improved the utilization rate. The development of household photovoltaic has brought renewable energy into thousands of households, let ordinary people understand renewable energy, and improve their awareness of energy conservation and emission reduction.

The development of distributed photovoltaic has laid a solid foundation for the future development of the energy Internet.

6) Conserve water resources.

From the perspective of the whole life cycle, the water consumption of photovoltaic power generation is only 50% of the water consumption of coal power, and vigorously developing photovoltaic power generation can effectively save water resources.

In recent years, because of the rapid development of distributed photovoltaics, many people often see the publicity about the installation of photovoltaic power generation through TV, the Internet, newspapers, etc., the introduction of relatives and friends, advertising and other channels.

Why is there such a disagreement? Is photovoltaic power really a deception as some people say?

Because of the photovoltaic industry.

In recent years, the development has been getting faster and faster, and many people have not fully understood this new energy industry that represents the future trend and caused some misunderstandings. The development of the photovoltaic industry can not only bring good economic benefits.

It can also bring good social benefits.

and environmental benefits, I will introduce it to my friends today.

First of all, let's talk about the economic benefits brought by the photovoltaic industry:

According to statistics, the total power generation of the photovoltaic industry in 2017 was 118.2 billion kWh, accounting for the total power generation in the country. A subsidy of about 60 billion yuan is needed. At the same time, the photovoltaic industry has also brought huge economic benefits to the whole society, mainly in the contribution of GDP boost, employment, tax payment and foreign exchange increase.

In 2017, the photovoltaic industry drove about 409.1 billion yuan of investment in downstream power stations, and paid 170.8 billion yuan in various taxes and fees.

Enterprises above designated size in the photovoltaic industry.

More than 2 million jobs have been created, and the development of distributed photovoltaics, especially household photovoltaics, has driven more than 10,000 small and micro enterprises across the country.

Become a household PV distributor and provide tens of thousands of jobs in rural areas.

The annual export of products in the photovoltaic industry creates nearly 100 billion yuan of foreign exchange for China, so Trump will pass the photovoltaic 201 bill and impose a 30% tariff on imported photovoltaic products.

First, the photovoltaic application field has driven an investment of more than 400 billion yuan.

The PV industry is capital-intensive, which can drive the GDP growth of the PV project location, and also drive the growth of other industries through the interconnection between industries. Among them, power transmission and distribution, financial and insurance services, power and heat and other industries are the industries with the largest pull of photovoltaic power generation, and the added value driven by them accounts for the total added value of photovoltaic power generation4% and.

Second, the photovoltaic industry has solved the employment of more than 2 million people.

The development of the photovoltaic power generation industry has created a number of jobs with high technical requirements and high service levels, covering design materials, equipment manufacturing, power and automatic control.

and other fields. The photovoltaic industry has a long industrial chain, especially the upstream photovoltaic manufacturing industry, which involves a wide range of aspects. The photovoltaic industry involves a large number of enterprises, which will naturally bring a large number of jobs. Whether it is now or in the future, the advantages of employment driven by the development of photovoltaic power generation are becoming more and more significant.

Non-polluting, renewable, no regional restrictions.

Solar energy resources are widely distributed and inexhaustible. Therefore, compared with new power generation technologies such as wind power, biomass power generation and nuclear power, solar photovoltaic power generation is a renewable energy power generation technology with the most sustainable ideal characteristics (the most abundant resources and the cleanest power generation process).

The necessity and significance of the construction of solar photovoltaic power generation projects.

China's environmental status and development trendThe large-scale and uncontrolled exploitation and utilization of fossil fuels has not only accelerated the depletion of these precious resources, but also caused increasingly serious environmental problems. Excessive emissions have increasingly attracted global attention, and solving these problems is no longer a matter for countries themselves, controlling and reducing emissions has become the goal and obligation of countries around the world, and the sharing of responsibilities has become a political issue of bargaining among countries.

With the rapid growth of global energy consumption, the environment will further deteriorate, and the dispute over emission reduction will become more intense.

Nearly 70% of China's current energy is supplied by coal, and this over-reliance on fossil fuels has caused significant environmental, economic and social negative impacts. A large amount of coal mining, transportation and burning has caused great damage to the environment of our country. Preliminary estimates of coal-fired power generation.

The economic loss of pollution caused and the resulting environmental pollution control cost are as high as 160.6 billion yuan.

Vigorously developing and utilizing renewable energy is an inevitable choice to ensure China's energy security and sustainable development. Our environmental situation has warned that our country has limited room for emissions, and that our economic and social development will be forced to slow down unless we increase the share of clean energy and renewable energy.

Solar photovoltaic power generation will occupy an important seat in the world's energy consumption in the near future, not only to replace part of the conventional energy, but also will become the world's largest energy body. It is estimated that by 2030, renewable energy will account for more than 30% of the total energy mix, and solar photovoltaic power generation will also account for more than 10% of the world's total electricity**; By 2040....

What are the benefits of solar photovoltaic power generation to the society, answer: effectively alleviate the contradiction between man and land, and promote sustainable social and economic development It can flexibly create an environment suitable for the growth of different crops to meet the demand for agricultural electricity and generate power generation benefits A new path for green agricultural production Keyu photovoltaic combiner box Photovoltaic agricultural greenhouse is a greenhouse integrating solar photovoltaic power generation, intelligent temperature control system and modern high-tech planting.

What is the significance of developing photovoltaic power generation.

A: Photovoltaic power generation has significant energy, environmental protection and economic benefits, and is one of the highest quality green energy. According to the results of the World Nature** (WWF) study:

In terms of carbon dioxide emission reduction, the installation of 1 square meter photovoltaic power generation system is equivalent to planting 100 square meters of trees. At present, the development of renewable energy such as photovoltaic power generation will fundamentally solve environmental problems such as smog and acid rain.

What is the significance of building photovoltaic power generation?

A: Photovoltaic power generation has significant energy, environmental protection and economic benefits, and is one of the highest quality green energy. According to the results of the World Nature** (WWF) study:

In terms of carbon dioxide emission reduction, the installation of 1 square meter photovoltaic power generation system is equivalent to planting 100 square meters of trees. At present, the development of renewable energy such as photovoltaic power generation will fundamentally solve environmental problems such as smog and acid rain.

Solar energy resources are inexhaustible, and the amount of solar energy reaching the earth is 6,000 times greater than the energy currently consumed by human beings. Moreover, solar energy is widely distributed on the earth, and photovoltaic power generation systems can be used wherever there is sunlight, regardless of region, altitude and other factors.

Solar energy resources are available everywhere, and they can be supplied nearby without having to be transported over long distances, avoiding the loss of power caused by long-distance transmission lines.

The energy conversion process of photovoltaic power generation is simple, it is directly from light energy to electrical energy, there is no intermediate process (such as thermal energy to mechanical energy, mechanical energy to electromagnetic energy, etc.) and mechanical movement, and there is no mechanical wear. According to the thermodynamic analysis, photovoltaic power generation has a high theoretical power generation efficiency, which can reach more than 80%, and the technology development potential is huge.

Photovoltaic power generation itself does not use fuel, does not emit any substances including greenhouse gases and other exhaust gases, does not pollute the air, does not produce noise, is environmentally friendly, and will not suffer the impact of the energy crisis or fuel market instability, and is a new renewable energy source that is truly green and environmentally friendly.

The photovoltaic power generation process does not require cooling water and can be installed on the desert Gobi where there is no water. Photovoltaic power generation can also be easily combined with buildings to form a photovoltaic building integrated power generation system, which does not need to occupy a separate area and can save valuable land resources.

Photovoltaic power generation has no mechanical transmission parts, simple operation and maintenance, and stable and reliable operation. A photovoltaic power generation system can generate electricity as long as there are solar cell modules, coupled with the widespread use of automatic control technology, it can basically achieve unattended and low maintenance costs.

The photovoltaic power generation system has stable and reliable working performance and long service life. Crystalline silicon solar batteries also have a long lifespan. In the photovoltaic power generation system, as long as the design is reasonable and the selection is appropriate, the life of the battery is also very long.

The most important significance of solar photovoltaic power generation is that it can use the sun's clean energy to generate electricity for 20 consecutive years, without using any fossil energy on the earth.

Photovoltaic power generation is based on the principle of photogenerated volt effect, using solar cells to directly convert sunlight energy into electrical energy. Whether it is used independently or connected to the grid for power generation, the photovoltaic power generation system is mainly composed of three parts: solar panels (components), controllers and inverters, which are mainly composed of electronic components and do not involve mechanical parts.

The solar photovoltaic power generation system is composed of a solar cell pack, a solar controller, and a battery (group). If the output power supply is AC 220V or 110V, an inverter is also required. The functions of each part are:

1) Solar panels: Solar panels are the core part of the solar power generation system and the most valuable part of the solar power generation system. Its function is to convert the sun's radiation capacity into electrical energy, or send it to the battery for storage, or push the load to work.

2) Solar controller: The function of the solar controller is to control the working state of the whole system, and play the role of overcharge protection and overdischarge protection for the battery. In places with large temperature differences, qualified controllers should also have the function of temperature compensation.

Other additional functions such as light switch and time switch should be optional for the controller;

3) Battery: generally lead-acid battery, small and micro system, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery or lithium battery can also be used. Its function is to store the electrical energy emitted by the solar panels when there is sunlight and release it when needed.

4) Inverter: The direct output of solar energy is generally 12VDC, 24VDC, 48VDC. In order to supply power to 220VAC appliances, it is necessary to convert the DC power generated by the solar power generation system into alternating current, so a DC-AC inverter is required.

At present, with the continuous growth of fossil energy consumption and the deterioration of the earth's ecological environment, countries around the world are actively looking for a sustainable and non-polluting new energy source. As an efficient and pollution-free new energy source, solar energy has become an important part of today's energy structure. Photovoltaic grid-connected power generation technology has become the mainstream of solar photovoltaic applications.

In this paper, the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system is taken as the research object, and the detailed analysis and research are carried out. Firstly, this paper introduces the research background, research significance, current situation and development of photovoltaic power generation. The key technical issues required to ensure the normal operation of the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system are also proposed.

Secondly, the working characteristics of solar cells are analyzed and mathematical models are established according to their working principles. The key technical problems of photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system are analyzed and studied in detail chapter by chapter, and targeted solutions are proposed. This paper introduces the principle of maximum power point tracking and several commonly used tracking methods, finds out the advantages and disadvantages of these common control methods in operation, and proposes an MPPT tracking method based on fuzzy PID bimodality.

In order to improve the safety of the power terminal grid and the reliability of power supply, an islanding active detection method based on periodic two-way disturbance positive feedback active frequency drift method is proposed.