The impact of photovoltaic power generation on the environment Does photovoltaic power generation po

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The most important significance of solar photovoltaic power generation is that it can use the sun's clean energy to generate electricity for 20 consecutive years, without using any fossil energy on the earth.

Photovoltaic power generation is based on the principle of photogenerated volt effect, using solar cells to directly convert sunlight energy into electrical energy. Whether it is used independently or connected to the grid for power generation, the photovoltaic power generation system is mainly composed of three parts: solar panels (components), controllers and inverters, which are mainly composed of electronic components and do not involve mechanical parts.

The solar photovoltaic power generation system is composed of a solar cell pack, a solar controller, and a battery (group). If the output power supply is AC 220V or 110V, an inverter is also required. The functions of each part are:

1) Solar panels: Solar panels are the core part of the solar power generation system and the most valuable part of the solar power generation system. Its function is to convert the sun's radiation capacity into electrical energy, or send it to the battery for storage, or push the load to work.

2) Solar controller: The function of the solar controller is to control the working state of the whole system, and play the role of overcharge protection and overdischarge protection for the battery. In places with large temperature differences, qualified controllers should also have the function of temperature compensation.

Other additional functions such as light switch and time switch should be optional for the controller;

3) Battery: generally lead-acid battery, small and micro system, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery or lithium battery can also be used. Its function is to store the electrical energy emitted by the solar panels when there is sunlight and release it when needed.

4) Inverter: The direct output of solar energy is generally 12VDC, 24VDC, 48VDC. In order to supply power to 220VAC appliances, it is necessary to convert the DC power generated by the solar power generation system into alternating current, so a DC-AC inverter is required.

1.Photovoltaic power station.

In the process of operation, it will not produce any waste gas, waste water, Liangshi waste, and will not produce any environmental pollutants;

2.In the operation of the photovoltaic power station, there is no need to rotate the zero compass mountain key to send parts, so there will be no noise pollution.

There are many benefits of photovoltaic power generation, there are many reasons that cannot be refused, today we will dig to summarize the five advantages of photovoltaic power generation.

1. Solar energy resources are inexhaustible, and the solar energy that irradiates the earth is 6,000 times greater than the energy currently consumed by human beings. Moreover, solar energy is widely distributed on the earth, and photovoltaic power generation systems can be used wherever there is sunlight, regardless of region, altitude and other factors.

2. Solar energy resources are available everywhere, and they can be supplied nearby, without long-distance transmission, which avoids the loss of power caused by long-distance transmission lines.

3. The energy conversion process of photovoltaic power generation is simple, it is directly converted from light energy to electrical energy, and there is no intermediate process (such as thermal energy to mechanical energy, mechanical energy to electromagnetic energy, etc.) and mechanical movement, and there is no mechanical wear. According to the thermodynamic analysis, photovoltaic power generation has a high theoretical power generation efficiency, which can reach more than 80%, and the technology development potential is huge.

4. The working performance of the photovoltaic power generation system is stable and reliable, and the service life is long. Crystalline silicon solar batteries also have a long lifespan. In the photovoltaic power generation system, as long as the design is reasonable and the selection is appropriate, the life of the battery is also very long.

5. The solar cell module has a simple structure, small size, light weight, and is easy to transport and install. The construction period of the photovoltaic power generation system is short, and the capacity can be large or small according to the power load, which is convenient and flexible, and is easy to combine and expand.

Social benefits of the PV industry.

It is mainly reflected in the following 6 aspects:

1) Solve the problem of people without electricity and electricity consumption in poor areas.

Every 3,460 yuan investment in independent photovoltaic can solve the electricity consumption of one person; However, investing in the power grid requires 13,385 yuan, which is twice that of independent photovoltaics.

2) Achieve targeted poverty alleviation.

2015 In 2017, about 2 million poor households will receive a stable income of 3,000 yuan per year in the next 20 years, which is equivalent to providing 6 billion yuan of poverty alleviation funds every year.

3) Promote the integration of the central and western regions.

The western region attracts photovoltaic manufacturing enterprises to invest with low energy and labor costs. At present, 57% of the polysilicon production capacity is in the western region, and this figure may reach 76% by the end of 2018. New capacity in other segments.

Most of them are also in the west. At the same time, by the end of 2016, 40% of the country's photovoltaic installed capacity was in the western provinces, making full use of the abundant local solar energy resources and desertified land, and effectively improving the desertification of the land.

4) Activate private capital and promote the diversification of the main body of the energy industry.

From extraction to power generation, traditional energy is basically controlled by state-owned enterprises. And the photovoltaic industry.

In particular, distributed photovoltaic has broken the geographical factors of traditional energy, lowered the entry threshold, and provided the possibility for a wider range of small and medium-sized enterprises and the public to participate in the energy industry.

Among the enterprises with large holdings, state-owned enterprises and private enterprises each account for half of the country, while small-scale holders are mainly private enterprises. The characteristics of photovoltaic power generation determine that it is the main force to promote the diversification of the main body of the energy industry. This shift in role will have a significant and far-reaching impact on the evolution and development of the energy system.

5) Intensive land use and universal renewable energy.

Lay out the energy Internet.

The new form of development of photovoltaic power generation and other industries has become one of the measures for the development and transformation of many regions, and on the basis of the original function, the original building has increased the effect of power generation and energy saving, and improved the utilization rate. The development of household photovoltaic has brought renewable energy into thousands of households, let ordinary people know about renewable energy, and improve energy conservation and emission reduction.

Conscious. The development of distributed photovoltaic has laid a solid foundation for the future development of the energy Internet.

6) Conserve water resources.

From the perspective of the whole life cycle, the water consumption of photovoltaic power generation is only 50% of the water consumption of coal power, and vigorously developing photovoltaic power generation can effectively save water resources.

Then the factors that affect the power generation of photovoltaic power stations:

1. Solar radiation: Solar cell modules are devices that convert solar energy into electrical energy, and the intensity of light radiation directly affects the amount of power generated. Solar radiation data for each region can be obtained through NASA Meteorological Data Query** or with the help of PV design software such as PV-SYS and RetScreen.

2. The inclination angle of the solar module: the information obtained from the weather station is generally the amount of solar radiation on the horizontal plane, which can be converted into the radiation of the inclined plane of the photovoltaic array to calculate the power generation of the photovoltaic system. The optimal inclination is related to the latitude of the project location.

The approximate experience points are as follows:

a. Latitude 0° 25°, inclination angle is equal to latitude.

b. Latitude 26° 40°, inclination is equal to latitude plus 5° 10°

c. Latitude 41° 55°, inclination is equal to latitude plus 10° 15°

3. Conversion efficiency of solar cell modules.

4. System loss: Like all products, the efficiency of modules and the performance of electrical components will gradually decrease during the life cycle of the power station for up to 25 years, and the power generation will decrease year by year. In addition to these natural aging factors, there are also various factors such as the quality of components and inverters, line layout, dust, series-parallel loss, cable loss, etc.

In the financial model of a typical photovoltaic power plant, the power generation of the system decreases by about 5% in three years, and the power generation decreases to 80% after 20 years.

5. Combined loss: all series connections will cause current loss due to the current difference of the components; Parallel connection will cause voltage loss due to the voltage difference of the components; The combined loss can reach more than 8%, and the standard of China Engineering Construction Standardization Association is less than 10%.

1) Modules with consistent current should be strictly selected in series before the installation of the power station.

2) The attenuation characteristics of the components are as consistent as possible.

As a form of new energy, photovoltaic power generation will inevitably have an impact on the local ecological environment in construction, which is a problem that the public is concerned about.

1. During the operation of the photovoltaic power station, it will not produce any waste gas, waste water, waste materials, and no environmental pollutants;

2. In operation, the photovoltaic power station does not need to rotate parts, so noise pollution will not occur;

3. The operating principle of the photovoltaic power station is the photovoltaic voltaic effect, the photovoltaic panels generate direct current under direct sunlight, and the direct current enters the photovoltaic inverter through the series and parallel connection into the confluence, and is converted into the current that we can directly use and the current that can be integrated into the power grid. During the whole working process, the photovoltaic power station will not produce any high-frequency alternating current and no electromagnetic radiation, so it will not cause any harm to the human body and the environment.

4. The cable laying of photovoltaic power station uses pipes and bridges, generally speaking, no additional laying lines will be done, even if there are lines laid, hidden structures are also used, which will not cause damage to the original building and environment.

5. The solar power station does not need manual maintenance during normal operation, and only occasionally when there is dirt on the photovoltaic panels, it needs to be cleaned up. It can be said that it is okay to be unattended.

Solar energy resources are widely distributed and inexhaustible. Therefore, compared with new power generation technologies such as wind power, biomass power generation and nuclear power, solar photovoltaic power generation is a renewable energy power generation technology with the most sustainable ideal characteristics (the most abundant resources and the cleanest power generation process).

The necessity and significance of the construction of solar photovoltaic power generation projects.

China's environmental status and development trendThe large-scale and uncontrolled exploitation and utilization of fossil fuels has not only accelerated the depletion of these precious resources, but also caused increasingly serious environmental problems. Excessive emissions have increasingly attracted global attention, and solving these problems is no longer a matter for countries themselves, controlling and reducing emissions has become the goal and obligation of countries around the world, and the sharing of responsibilities has become a political issue of bargaining among countries.

With the rapid growth of global energy consumption, the environment will further deteriorate, and the dispute over emission reduction will become more intense.

Nearly 70% of China's current energy is supplied by coal, and this over-reliance on fossil fuels has caused significant environmental, economic and social negative impacts. A large amount of coal mining, transportation and burning has caused great damage to the environment of our country. Preliminary estimates of coal-fired power generation.

The economic loss of pollution caused and the resulting environmental pollution control cost are as high as 160.6 billion yuan.

Vigorously developing and utilizing renewable energy is an inevitable choice to ensure China's energy security and sustainable development. Our environmental situation has warned that our country has limited room for emissions, and that our economic and social development will be forced to slow down unless we increase the share of clean energy and renewable energy.

1. The photovoltaic power generation system has no exhaust emissions in the operation of the project, and will not have an impact on the local ambient air quality;

2. The water quality of production wastewater is simple, and the main pollutant is SS, so it can be directly released;

3. There is no obvious noise source, and the environmental protection target is far away from the demonstration area, so it will basically not affect the sensitive targets of the surrounding environment;

4. The amount of solid waste generated is small, and the composition of solid waste is simple, basically domestic garbage, and the environmental impact is small after being treated in accordance with the EIA measures;

5. The impact on the ecological environment during the operation period of the system is mainly manifested in the destruction of vegetation, soil erosion, the impact on the landscape environment and the soil environment and the soil environment, etc., and the impact on the ecological environment will be small after the environmental protection measures proposed in the EIA are taken;

6. After the expiration of the project service period, the dismantled waste photovoltaic modules will be dismantled by the manufacturer, which will not have a secondary pollution impact on the environment.

1. The photovoltaic power generation system has no exhaust emissions in the operation of the project, and will not have an impact on the local ambient air quality;

2. The water quality of production wastewater is simple, and the main pollutant is SS, so it can be directly released;

3. There is no obvious noise to talk about the source, and the environmental protection project including the re-labeling is far away from the project area, so it will basically not have an impact on the sensitive targets of the surrounding environment;

4. The amount of solid waste generated is small, and the composition of solid waste is simple, basically domestic garbage, and the environmental impact is small after being treated in accordance with the EIA measures;

5. The impact on the ecological environment during the operation period of the system is mainly manifested in the destruction of vegetation, soil erosion, impact on the landscape environment and soil environment, etc., and the impact on the ecological environment will be small after the environmental protection measures proposed in the EIA are taken;

6. After the expiration of the project service period, the dismantled waste photovoltaic modules will be produced by the manufacturer, which will not have a secondary pollution impact on the environment.