What are the testing requirements for electroplating waste sludge and residue in electroplating plan

Characteristics of electroplating sludge and its hazards.

Most electroplating wastewater treatment methods produce sludge, and chemical precipitation is the main source of sludge. Some methods, such as ion exchange and activated carbon methods, do not directly produce sludge, but also produce sludge in some auxiliary links of the method, such as the treatment of regenerated liquid. Since chemical methods are used as a major treatment method at home and abroad, the situation of electroplating sludge is very serious.

According to the different treatment methods of electroplating wastewater, electroplating sludge can be divided into two categories: mixed sludge and elemental sludge. The former is a sludge formed by mixing different types of electroplating wastewater together for treatment; The latter is the sludge formed by treating different types of electroplating wastewater separately, such as chromium-containing sludge, copper-containing sludge, nickel-containing sludge, zinc-containing sludge, etc. However, in fact, the wastewater of most small electroplating enterprises is mostly mixed sludge after treatment.

Therefore, at present, the treatment and resource utilization of electroplating sludge are also mainly mixed sludge.

The sludge produced in the electroplating wastewater treatment process contains harmful heavy metals, it has the characteristics of easy accumulation, instability, easy loss, etc., if it is not properly treated, arbitrarily stacked, the direct consequence is that the heavy metals such as Cu, Ni, Zn, and Cr in the sludge will migrate along the path of sludge - soil - crop and human body under the leaching action of rainwater, and may cause secondary pollution of surface water, soil and groundwater, and even endanger the biological chain and cause serious environmental damage.

According to the characteristics and hazards of electroplating sludge From the perspective of environmental pollution prevention and resource recycling, the following two treatment methods are mainly adopted: one is to discard and store the sludge without causing secondary pollution after treatment, that is, harmless disposal; The second is to make the heavy metal resources in the sludge comprehensive, that is, resource utilization.

Introduction to nickel-containing electroplating wastewater Nickel-containing electroplating wastewater refers to the cleaning water generated during nickel plating, which is generally divided into nickel plating wastewater and electroless nickel plating wastewater, nickel plating wastewater refers to the nickel plating metal on the metal substrate through electroplating, such as copper as the substrate; Electroless nickel plating wastewater refers to the electroless method of nickel plating on the substrate, which is mostly non-conductors such as plastics.

Electroplating sludge is a hazardous waste.

Electroplating sludge contains complex substances, which is difficult to degrade, and its properties are unstable, making the electroplating industry one of the heavily polluted industries. If the electroplating sludge cannot be treated scientifically and reasonably, the electroplating sludge will bring unimaginable harm. For example, the toxic and harmful heavy metal substances in electroplating sludge seriously affect soil quality, pollute water resources, and endanger the health of animals and plants.

There are many harmful heavy metal substances in electroplating sludge that gradually penetrate into the soil, which will gradually kill many microorganisms, which will lead to the decline of soil quality, reduce crop yield and even die, and also destroy the ecological balance. In addition, harmful heavy metals in the soil may also be absorbed by crops, and then enter the human body through the food chain, directly affecting human health.

Major players in the industry:Kimou Environmental Protection, Shaanxi Futianbao, Sino-Singapore Lianke Environmental Technology, Suzhou Esbian Environmental Protection, Sichuan Chuangfeige Environmental Protection, etc.

Electroplating sewage treatment market size and prospects**.

The electroplating industry has entered the stage of cleaner production imitation ribbon

The development of China's electroplating wastewater treatment industry is constantly evolving with the rapid development of the electroplating industry and the country's requirements for the cleanliness of the electroplating industry. China's electroplating industry was initially based on extensive development, focusing on the development of electroplating industry technology and ignoring the sewage treatment links discharged during the development of the industry. With the issuance of the "Standard Conditions for the Electroplating Industry" issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China in October 2015, the emission standards and disposal measures of various pollutants (waste gas, waste water, solid waste, and noise at the boundary of the plant) are required to meet the provisions of national and local environmental protection standards.

The processing area of products in the electroplating industry continues to grow

According to the data of China Surface Engineering Association, from 2011 to 2019, the product processing area of China's electroplating industry continued to grow, increasing to 100 million square meters in 2019, a year-on-year increase. Affected by the epidemic in 2020, the product processing area has declined, to 100 million square meters, a decrease of 100 million square meters. In 2021, with the normalization of the epidemic and the resumption of work and production in China, the processing area of products in the electroplating industry will recover to close to the processing scale in 2019, reaching 100 million square meters.

Note: The data in 2021 is a preliminary accounting value based on the growth trend of product processing area in the electroplating industry in recent years!

More than 400 million tons of electroplating wastewater are generated

Since the sewage discharged by electroplating enterprises is not sewage containing a single pollutant, but comprehensive sewage, it is necessary to calculate the discharge volume according to the process with the largest production capacity and the largest discharge capacity. Here, according to the amount of sewage generated by copper plating parts per ton square meter and combined with the annual product processing area, the amount of electroplating sewage generated in China will exceed 400 million tons in 2021.

Note: Calculation formula: annual production of electroplating sewage = annual processing area of electroplating products * amount of sewage generated per unit of copper plating parts.

The market size of electroplating sewage treatment is close to 25 billion yuan

According to the statistics of public bidding information, the current unit price of electroplating sewage treatment fee in China is about 60 yuan ton (the procurement of general electroplating sewage treatment projects needs to be through bidding or competitive negotiation, so it can be effectively controlled, and the change range is not large), assuming that all the electroplating sewage generated each year is treated by the sewage system, combined with the annual production of electroplating sewage, the scale of China's electroplating sewage treatment market will reach 24.8 billion yuan in 2021.

Note: The above statistics on the scale of electroplating sewage treatment market are the market size of electroplating sewage treatment services.

The market size of electroplating sewage treatment is expected to exceed 30 billion yuan

With the tightening of the domestic electroplating sewage discharge standard system, it will bring new development opportunities to the electroplating sewage treatment industry, and it is estimated that the market size of China's electroplating sewage treatment industry will exceed 30 billion yuan in 2027 under the background of this development.

Note: The above market size** is the market size of electroplating wastewater treatment services.

The above data refer to the Prospective Industry Research InstituteAnalysis report on market prospect and investment strategic planning of China's electroplating sewage treatment system industry

An electroplating sludge treatment process and device thereof, and the process steps are as follows:

The electroplating sludge material with a water content of more than 75 is dried to a water content of 40 65;

The dried material is mixed evenly with the coal, and the mixture is added to the sintering furnace for sintering;

The sintered material is added to the smelting furnace for smelting;

The smelted material is refined and separated to obtain a metal alloy. The processing device has a smoldered smelting furnace, a desulfurization dust collector, a sintering furnace, a dust collection room and a flushing collection pool, and the gas generated by the smelting furnace and sintering furnace is first passed into the dust collection room for dust reduction, and then passed into the desulfurization dust collector for desulfurization and dust removal; The water in the desulfurization dust collector is recycled by the water collection tank**, and the wastewater generated is recycled after being passed into the collection tank. The process of the present invention adopts machine automatic operation, avoids the danger of manual operation, and improves efficiency; The gas produced is safely discharged after desulfurization and dust removal, and will not have an impact on the environment.

Electroplating sludge is the "end state" of wastewater treatment in the electroplating industry, which contains a large amount of precious metals such as copper, nickel, chromium, iron, and zinc.

Electroplating sludge is mainly used in industrial electroplating plants of various electroplating waste liquid and electrolytic tank liquid through the liquid phase chemical treatment of solid waste, due to the different production processes and treatment processes of various electroplating manufacturers, the chemical composition of electroplating sludge is quite complex, mainly containing chromium, iron, nickel, copper, zinc and other heavy metal compounds and soluble salts.

Sicolab finishes sludge treatment.

1. The sludge produced during electroplating wastewater treatment should be dewatered, and the moisture content of the sludge after dewatering should be less than 80.

2. Before sludge dewatering, it is advisable to determine the concentration or addition of flocculant after test and technical and economic comparison.

3. The filtrate produced by the dehydration and concentration process should be discharged to the conditioning tank.

4. The sludge dewatering method can be determined according to the natural conditions and the characteristics of the sludge, the degree of dewatering, storage, transportation, comprehensive utilization and other requirements, after technical and economic comparison.

5. When the amount of treated wastewater is greater than 2m h, the moisture content of the sludge should not be greater than 98 before entering the sludge dewatering equipment. When the amount of treated wastewater is less than or equal to 2m h, the mixed liquid can directly enter the filter press for dewatering.

6. The sludge produced by electroplating wastewater treatment shall be identified in accordance with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Hazardous Waste Identification Standard" GB 5085.

7. General sludge can be disposed of in accordance with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Pollution Control Standard for General Industrial Solid Waste Storage and Disposal Sites" GB 18599.

8. Sludge belonging to hazardous wastes shall be equipped with hazardous waste identification signs at the facilities where it is collected and stored, and shall be stored in accordance with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Pollution Control Standard for Hazardous Waste Storage" GB 18597.

9. The collection, transfer and disposal of sludge belonging to hazardous wastes shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state.

First of all, it is necessary to determine that it is solid waste, and then declare it for the record, and declare the approximate quantity, type, and destination (outsourcing treatment or storage) of solid waste according to the environmental impact assessment and the generation of solid waste.

Secondly, contact the business unit with the corresponding waste dangerous goods business license qualification and sign the disposal contract. (Hazardous waste must be handed over to a unit with hazardous waste road transport qualifications for transportation and transfer).

It is recommended to inquire about the hazardous waste network according to the hazardous waste, and the hazardous waste treatment information can also be released to the platform, which has a lot of information on the business unit corresponding to the waste business license qualification, and the solid waste disposal is no trivial matter, and environmental protection should be everywhere.

Electroplating heavy metal sludge can not be discharged at will, ** centralized treatment and utilization, and it cannot be treated by yourself to the electroplating park to help you deal with ......

1.The spent electroplating solution is treated by ion exchange or chemical precipitation, or concentrated by membrane treatment and directly outsourced.

2.The waste liquid of pre-electroplating treatment is discharged up to the standard after neutralization treatment or reused after membrane treatment.

3.Waste filters and waste containers, do solid waste outsourcing.

4.The electroplating waste gas is discharged in an organized manner after spraying with water or activated carbon treatment.

According to the content of copper, nickel and chromium, it can be provided to a unit with treatment and disposal technology for disposal. It is mainly to extract copper and nickel elements, and then carry out harmless disposal after the sludge is recycled.

According to the New National Hazardous Waste List, chromium-containing sludge produced by electroplating belongs to HW12, copper-containing sludge belongs to HW22, and nickel-containing sludge belongs to HW17, which are all hazardous wastes. According to the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste, Article 57 stipulates that hazardous waste generating units must dispose of hazardous wastes in accordance with relevant national regulations, entrust the hazardous wastes generated to qualified units for disposal, and shall not dump or pile them up without authorization.

It is forbidden to provide or entrust hazardous wastes to units without business licenses to engage in business activities of collection, storage, utilization and disposal.