What is an Accounting Asset? Understanding of asset accounting

Accounting Asset Item - Current Assets (Fixed Assets are not covered here).

Long-term liabilities due within one year.

Liabilities – Current liabilities.

Short-term borrowing. Refers to a loan with a repayment period of less than 1 year.

It mainly includes: general operating revolving loans.

Bill discount borrowing.

Accounts receivable. Inventory mortgage loans, etc.

Liabilities – Current liabilities.

Payments payable and received in advance.

Accounts payable. Bills payable: commercial acceptance bills, bank acceptance bills.

Advance receipts. Wages payable.

Taxes payable. Profit payable.

Other payables (deposit deposits, rent, etc.).

Liabilities – Current liabilities.

Withholding Expenses. Corresponding to the expenses to be amortized.

It refers to the expenses that have been withdrawn in advance and included in the profit or loss for the current period but have not yet been paid. Such as withholding interest expenses, repair costs, etc.

Example: On January 1, the year borrowed a lump sum, 1 March benefit, interest 3000 yuan.

*Finance fee 1000

Withholding fee 1000

Liabilities – Current liabilities.

The current portion of long-term liabilities.

Refers to long-term liabilities that are originally reflected as long-term liabilities but will mature within one year after the balance sheet date.

Example: Two long-term liabilities:

$100 owed to A (5 years) due ***

$200 owed to B (10 years).

The first long-term liabilities*** were transferred to "Current Liabilities (in the statement)".

Liabilities – Long-term liabilities.

Definition: A debt with a repayment period of one year or more in a business cycle of one year or more.

Including: long-term borrowings.

Bonds payable. Other) long-term payables, etc.

Liabilities – Long-term liabilities.

Long-term borrowing: including borrowing from financial institutions and borrowing from other units.

Bonds payable: refers to bonds issued by enterprises with a maturity of more than 1 year. It is accounted for at par on a day-to-day basis, but when presented on the balance sheet, the "unamortized discount" should be subtracted or the "unamortized premium" should be added.

Other) long-term payables: including payables for the introduction of equipment, financial lease payables, etc.

b) Classification of items in the balance sheet.

Owner's equity (shareholder's equity).

Definition: The right of the owner (shareholder) to claim (claim) on the net assets of the enterprise.

Net assets = assets (net) Liabilities.

Net asset value ≠ net assets (net asset value = original value of the asset with depreciation).

Composition: Paid-in capital, equity (invested capital).

Capital reserve (capital accumulation).

Surplus reserve (profit accumulation).

Undistributed profits.

Owner's Equity.

Invested capital (share capital or paid-up capital): Share capital refers to the part of the payment paid by the joint-stock company for investment in the purchase of ** equivalent to the par value of the purchase; Paid-up capital refers to the capital invested by investors who are not joint-stock companies.

Surplus reserve: refers to the accumulation of profits extracted from the net profit after tax according to the requirements of laws and regulations or development needs.

Undistributed profits: refers to the profits retained by the enterprise for distribution or to be distributed in subsequent years.

Assets are defined in the book as those that are owned or controlled by the enterprise as a result of past transactions or events, and that are expected to bring economic benefits to the enterprise. Assets = Liabilities + Owners' Equity.

The liabilities of the new accounting account are as follows:

Short-term borrowing. All kinds of loans borrowed from banks or other financial institutions and other foreign units for the purpose of repaying the funds required to maintain normal production and operation, and the repayment period is one year or more than one year.

The short-term borrowings of industrial and commercial enterprises mainly include: operating turnover loans, temporary loans, settlement loans, bill discount loans, seller's credit, pre-purchase deposit loans and special reserve loans.

Notes payable. Bills payable refers to the enterprise in the purchase and sale of goods and the settlement of the project price due to the use of commercial bills of exchange settlement and occurrence, issued by the drawer, entrusted payer on the specified date to unconditionally pay the determined amount to the payee or bearer of the bill, it includes commercial acceptance bills and bank acceptance bills. Bills payable are divided into two types: interest-bearing notes payable and non-interest-bearing notes payable according to whether they are interest-bearing or not.

Accounts payable. This account accounts for the payment to the purchasing unit due to the sale of goods, materials, labor services, etc., as well as the commercial acceptance bills that cannot be received due for the advance of transportation and miscellaneous expenses and acceptance.

Accounts receivable in advance. Advance receivables are a liability that occurs when the buyer and seller agree to pay a part of the loan to the ** party in advance.

The accounting of advance receivables should depend on the specific circumstances of the enterprise. If there are a large number of accounts receivable, you can set up the "accounts receivable" account; If there is not much advance receivable, you can also skip the "Advance Receivable" account and directly credit the "Accounts Receivable" account. If the "Accounts Receivable in Advance" account is set up separately for accounting, the credit side of the "Accounts Receivable" account reflects the payment received in advance and the payment made up; The debit side reflects the receivable and the overcharged receivable; Closing Credit Balance, Reflecting Outstanding Advance Receipts, Debit Balances Reflecting Receivables.

Have you learned the explanation of asset subjects?

Serial number number name.

i) Asset classes.

1 1001 cash.

2 1002 Bank deposits.

3 1009 Funds in other currencies.

100901 Deposits in other cities.

100902 Cashier's check.

100903 Bank draft.

100904 Credit cards.

100905 Letter of credit deposit.

100906 Deposit your investment.

4 1101 Short-term investments.

110101 **。

110102 Bonds.

110103 **。

110110 Miscellaneous.

5 1102 Provision for short-term investment decline.

6 1111 Notes receivable.

7 1121 Dividends receivable.

8 1122 Interest receivable.

9 1131 Accounts receivable.

10 1133 Other receivables.

11 1141 Provision for bad debts.

12 1151 Accounts in advance.

13 1161 Subsidy receivables.

14 1201 Material procurement.

15 1211 Raw materials.

16 1221 Packaging.

17 1231 Low-value consumables.

18 1232 Material Cost Variance.

19 1241 Homemade semi-finished products.

20 1243 items in stock.

21 1244 Difference between purchase and sale of goods.

22 1251 Consignment of processing materials.

23 1261 Consignment of goods.

24 1271 Consignment of goods.

25 1281 Provision for decline in value of inventories.

26 1291 Installments are issued for goods.

27 1301 Expenses to be amortized.

28 1401 Long-term equity investments.

140101 **Investment.

140102 Other equity investments.

29 1402 Long-term debt investments.

140201 Bond investment.

140202 Other debt investments.

30 1421 Provision for impairment of long-term investments.

31 1431 Entrusted loans.

143101 Principal.

143102 Interest.

143103 Provision for impairment.

32 1501 Fixed assets.

33 1502 Accumulated depreciation.

34 1505 Provision for impairment of fixed assets.

35 1601 Engineering materials.

160101 Specialized materials.

160102 Specialized equipment.

160103 Prepayment for large equipment.

160104 Tools and appliances for production.

36 1603 Construction in progress.

37 1605 Provision for impairment of construction in progress.

38 1701 Disposal of fixed assets.

39 1801 Intangible assets.

40 1805 Provision for impairment of intangible assets.

41 1815 Unrecognized financing charges.

42 1901 Long-term amortized expenses.

43 1911 Pending property loss and overflow.

191101 Excess of current assets to be disposed of.

191102 Excess of fixed assets to be disposed of.

1. Job responsibilities of asset accounting:

1. Fully responsible for financial management and daily financial work.

2. Carry out cost accounting, distribution and control, regularly prepare cost analysis reports, do a good job in cost analysis, and find problems in time to make cost budgets.

3. Issue a cost accounting standard improvement plan.

4. Responsible for the financial work of the subsidiary.

5. Prepare financial statements, management statements, consolidated statements, and revenue and cost recognition tables.

6. Responsible for the company's tax declaration and other tax matters.

7. Familiar with national financial policies and accounting and tax regulations.

2. Job responsibilities of asset accounting:

1. Responsible for the collection, logistics and fixed assets business accounting of the financial shared service center.

2. Responsible for replying and giving feedback to the collection, logistics and fixed assets problems encountered by the institution on a daily basis.

3. Responsible for the verification and confirmation of accounts payable, accounts receivable and other accounts in the financial shared service center.

4. Assist superiors to complete various special tasks.

5. Assist in completing the inventory of fixed assets, inventory and other related work.

6. Responsible for the period-end accounting processing and inventory, fixed assets, and period-end settlement of the payable system.

Summary. Hello dear. I am glad that your question+ (Understanding of Asset Accounting) provides you with the following answers:

At present, in accounting, there are many forms of classification of assets, that is, the classification of assets is different from different perspectives. Common asset classification methods mainly include: according to the form of assets, they can be divided into tangible assets and intangible assets; According to whether it exists independently or not, it can be divided into certain.

refers to assets and non-identifiable assets; According to the maturity, it can be divided into short-term assets and long-term assets; According to its liquidity, it can be divided into liquid assets and non-current.

Kinetic assets and so on. The division of various forms of asset classes is not conducive to the use of relevant research and teaching, and some accountants and accountants are in order to unify the rules.

In accounting practice, the types of assets are divided into current assets, long-term investments, fixed assets, intangible assets, deferred assets, etc.

Understanding of asset accounting

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Hello dear. I am glad that your question+ (Understanding of Asset Accounting) provides you with the following answer: At present, in accounting, there are many forms of classification of assets, that is, from different perspectives, the classification of assets is different.

Common asset classification methods mainly include: according to the form of assets, they can be divided into tangible assets and intangible assets; According to whether it exists independently, it can be divided into identifiable assets and non-identifiable assets; According to the maturity, it can be divided into short-term assets and long-term assets; According to its liquidity, it can be divided into current assets and non-current assets. In order to unify and standardize, some accountants divide the types of assets into current assets, long-term investments, fixed assets, intangible assets, deferred assets and other types in accounting practice.

The main responsibility of asset accounting is to register, bookkeep and manage the assets of the enterprise, including raw materials, inventory goods, fixed assets, intangible assets, etc., asset accounting to do a good job in the inventory and management of assets, compared with the general accounting work or simpler, the nature of the business is not complicated.

The definition of accounting assets refers to the resources that are owned or controlled by the enterprise and are expected to bring economic benefits to the enterprise as a result of past transactions or events.

Features: (1) Assets should be resources owned or controlled by the enterprise;

2) the assets are expected to bring economic benefits to the enterprise;

3) Assets are formed by past transactions or events of the enterprise.

The conditions for the recognition of an asset are:

For a resource to be recognized as an asset, it needs to meet the definition of an asset and meet both of the following conditions:

1) the economic benefits associated with the resource are likely to flow into the enterprise;

2) The cost or value of the resource can be reliably measured.

In accounting, assets refer to the resources formed by past transactions or events of the enterprise, owned or controlled by the enterprise, and expected to bring economic benefits to the enterpriseIt is the material basis for enterprises to engage in production and business activities.

It has the following characteristics:

An asset is a resource formed by past transactions or eventsThe asset must be an actual asset, not an expected asset...The past transactions or events of the enterprise referred to here include purchase, production, construction or other transactions or events

In other words, only past transactions or events can form assets, and transactions or events that the business expects to occur in the future do not form assetsFor example, if an enterprise has the intention or plan to purchase a certain inventory, but the purchase has not yet occurred, it does not meet the definition of an asset and cannot be recognized as an inventory asset because of this.