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Anonymous users2024-02-15Total water consumption for soil evaporation and plant transpiration in farmland. Also known as evapotranspiration, evaporation, or total evaporation. Evapotranspiration is an important part of farmland water balance.
Evapotranspiration is constrained by three factors: the evaporation potential determined by the dryness of the atmosphere, radiation conditions and wind strength. The water supply of the upper soil is determined by the degree of soil moisture and water conductivity.
Vegetation status, including the influence of plant water transport organization, leaf stomata number and size, and population structure on turbulent exchange coefficient. The evapotranspiration of the flat ground when the soil is fully moistened is called potential evapotranspiration, also known as probable evapotranspiration, potential evapotranspiration or maximum possible evapotranspiration. Therefore, the actual evapotranspiration is a function of evapotranspiration potential, soil moisture content and vegetation cover.
There are six ways to determine evapotranspiration: Instrumentometry. Soil moisture loss is measured periodically using an evapotranspiration meter (a columnar instrument containing soil samples from which plants grow).
Empirical formula method.
Mathematical statistical methods were used to determine the correlation between evapotranspiration and various climatic factors, and the empirical equation for calculating evapotranspiration was established. Water balance method. In the case of deep groundwater and no water recharge to the root distribution layer, evapotranspiration is determined by measuring rainfall and soil moisture content at regular intervals.
Turbulent exchange method. The vertical flux of water is calculated by measuring the water vapor gradient and turbulence coefficient near the surface layer.
This determines evapotranspiration. Calorie balancing method. The amount of heat consumed in evapotranspiration is determined by measuring the components of the surface heat budget.
Omnibus Law. The probable evapotranspiration was calculated by using the heat balance equation and the turbulent exchange equation (see Probable Evaporation), and then the functional relationship between the probable evapotranspiration and soil moisture content and vegetation conditions was established to calculate the actual evapotranspiration. (
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Anonymous users2024-02-14The original in-situ data can be measured directly by using the ripple ratio system, such as the Yunsheng Technology 1000 Wave-to-Text Ratio Observation System, which can directly obtain the parameters of Bowen Ratio (B), Sensible Heat (H) and Latent Heat (Le). The distribution ratio and law of net radiant energy in the system have always been a hot topic in modern farmland ecology, agrometeorology and hydrology.
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Anonymous users2024-02-13First-level discipline: 0817 Chemical Engineering and Technology.
Secondary disciplines: 081701 chemical engineering.
081702 Chemical Technology, 081704 Applied Chemistry First-level Returning Discipline (Chemical Engineering and Technology):
Tsinghua University, Peking Union Medical College - Tsinghua University Health Science Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Tianjin University, Dalian University of Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Technology.
Secondary Disciplines: National Key Disciplines:
National Key Disciplines (Chemical Engineering): Zhejiang University, South China University of Technology, Sichuan UniversityNational Key Disciplines (Chemical Technology): Taiyuan University of Technology, China University of Petroleum National Key Disciplines (Applied Chemistry):
National Key (Cultivation) Discipline (Chemical Technology) of Beijing Institute of Technology and Nanjing University of Science and Technology: National Key (Cultivation) Discipline (Biochemical Engineering) of Zhengzhou University: National Key (Cultivation) Discipline (Industrial Catalysis) of Zhejiang University:
Zhejiang University of Technology, China University of Petroleum.
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