What is a rolling bearing, the difference between a rolling bearing and a plain bearing

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Rolling bearing is a precision mechanical component that changes the sliding friction between the running shaft and the shaft seat into rolling friction, thereby reducing friction loss. Rolling bearings are generally composed of an outer ring, an inner ring, a rolling element and a cage. The rolling bearing is generally composed of four parts: the inner ring, the outer ring, the rolling element and the cage, and the function of the inner ring is to cooperate with the shaft and rotate together with the shaft; The outer ring is to match with the bearing seat and play a supporting role; The rolling element is evenly distributed between the inner ring and the outer ring with the help of the cage, and its shape, size and number directly affect the performance and life of the rolling bearing; The cage can evenly distribute the rolling elements, prevent the rolling elements from falling off, and guide the rolling elements to rotate and play a lubricating role.

Bearing is an important component in contemporary machinery and equipment. Its main function is to support the mechanical rotating body, reduce the friction coefficient during its movement, and ensure its rotation accuracy.

According to the different properties of the friction circle of moving elements, bearings can be divided into two categories: rolling bearings and sliding bearings. Among them, rolling bearings have been standardized and serialized, but compared with sliding bearings, its radial size, lack of panicle and noise are larger, and the highest is also higher.

Rolling bearings are generally composed of four parts: outer ring, inner ring, rolling element and cage. According to the shape of the rolling elements, rolling bearings are divided into two categories: ball bearings and roller bearings.

Plain bearings are bearings that work under sliding friction. Plain bearings work smoothly, reliably and noiselessly. Under the condition of liquid lubrication, the sliding surface is separated by the lubricating oil without direct contact, which can also greatly reduce friction loss and surface wear, and the oil film also has a certain vibration absorption ability.

However, the starting friction resistance is large. The part of the shaft that is supported by the bearing is called the journal, and the part that matches the journal is called the bearing. The layer of anti-friction material cast on the inner surface of the bearing in order to improve the frictional properties of the bearing surface is called a bearing lining.

The material of the bearing pad and bearing lining is collectively referred to as the plain bearing material. Plain bearings are generally used in low-speed and heavy-load conditions, or in operating parts where maintenance and lubrication are difficult.

To put it simply, rolling bearings have rolling elements (such as balls, cylindrical rollers, tapered rollers, needle rollers, etc.). Plain bearings are without rolling elements. Such as copper sleeves, shaft sleeves, and oil film bearings and so on.

The main differences between plain bearings and rolling bearings are:

The structural composition is not the same;

The principle of movement is different from the mode of movement; The carrying capacity is different;

The coefficient of friction is different;

The applicable speed is different;

The power loss ratio is different;

The starting resistance is different;

The rotation accuracy is different;

The installation accuracy is different;

The dimensions of the bearing profile are different;

The service life is different;

The amount of lubricant used varies;

Maintenance requirements are different;

The cost of replacement is different.

1. The structure is different: the sliding bearing relies on a smooth surface to support the cracking rotating shaft, so the contact part is a surface; The rolling bearing is such that the rotation of the rolling element supports the rotating shaft, and the contact part is a point, the more rolling elements, the more contact points.

2. The mode of movement is different, and the mode of motion of the rolling bearing is rolling; The movement mode of the sliding bearing is sliding, so the form of friction slag source is completely different. Plain bearings work smoothly, reliably and noiselessly. Under the condition of liquid lubrication, the sliding surface of the sliding bearing is separated by the lubricating oil without direct contact, which can also greatly reduce the friction loss and surface wear, and the oil film also has a certain vibration absorption ability.

It can be understood literally that one is when the two rings touch in a sliding way to achieve rotation, and the other is when the rolling element (ball) rolls inside the raceway to achieve rotation, and the former consists of a rolling element, an inner ring, an outer ring, and a cage. The former is suitable for low-speed loading, while the latter is suitable for light and high-speed applications (of course, some are suitable for heavier applications, such as needle roller bearings, but the former is still a minor issue).