What are the conditions that must be met to build a subway in the city?

The subway is a very convenient means of transportation, but not every city has a subway, because it takes a lot of money to build a subway, the investment is also very long, and the later return is not as high as expected. Want to build a subway in the city,What about the cityGross domestic productIt must reach more than 300 billion yuan, and the budget must also be more than 30 billion yuan, and the urban areas of the regionResident populationIt must reach more than 3 million people, contributing to the overall GDP andFiscal revenueThe contribution must be three times what it was 15 years ago. This condition is very strict, and there are very few cities in the country that can meet this standard.

Building a subway in a big city is barely profitable or break-even, let alone in a small city. The passage of people in large cities mainly depends on the subway, and the more people the subway departs, the more the profitability of the subway.

The stronger, for example, in cities like Shanghai and Beijing, every subway is crowded with a lot of people, and the profitability of this subway is relatively strong. However, if the urban population in the area is relatively small, it is difficult to make a profit when building subways, and you have to rely on local financial subsidies all the time.

This is a great burden on local finances. Even in a city like Nanjing, the subway is still in a state of perennial loss.

In fact, even if there is no subway, everyone will travel and take public transportation.

Driving a private car is a great way to get around. So don't think that a city with a subway is a civilized city, and a city without a subway is an uncivilized city. It is necessary to decide according to the actual situation of the local area, and if the subway is built rashly, it will bring a great financial burden, and it is not good to abandon it in the end or see that half of it is not built.

The construction of the subway is very important for many people, and people who work hard in big cities feel that the location is very convenient, and driving in small cities is also a flavor. You should respect each other's lifestyles, so that you can experience different life feelings, and you can also better integrate yourself into life.

I believe that when you are in these super first-tier cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, you will inevitably feel quite dumbfounded by the degree of public transportation development in their cities.

It is indeed undeniable that with the rapid development of China's economy, at the same time, infrastructure construction is also in full swing. In particular, the construction of high-speed rail, which is the most proud of our people, has really become a benchmark in the world, which is enough to prove that the title of China's infrastructure madness is indeed worthy of its name. In addition to the rapid development of high-speed rail construction, the underground rail transit in some large cities in China is also developing rapidly, which should not be underestimated.

With the acceleration of the existing urbanization process, the number of rail transit in many cities in China is also increasing, especially in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and most provincial capitals have been built underground railways, which is often called subways. Nearly 50 cities in China already have urban rail transit, so will this trend of new subways bloom all over the country in the future? So the question is, what conditions does a city need to meet in order to be able to build a subway?

It is undeniable that the construction of the subway can greatly alleviate the congested traffic situation on the ground, especially in some first-tier cities, the role of the subway can be said to be really incisive, but at the same time, it is also rumored that many cities in China have also entered the trend of building subways.

According to the relevant standards issued by China's government, if a city wants to be able to build a subway, first of all, the annual GDP output value exceeds 300 billion, and the permanent population exceeds 3 million, and the third most important is the public financial budget of more than 30 billion yuan. Otherwise, it is likely that it will only lead to local debt, and even the possibility of wasting resources, so the relevant departments will raise the threshold for the city to apply for the construction of the subway, and they have also made a long-term consideration plan.

First of all, in addition to being able to vigorously develop the economy of the region, improve fiscal revenue, and attract a large number of foreign populations to come to work and live, the development of the city is slightly large-scale, then the road to the construction of the subway will not be too far.

The local budget revenue is more than 10 billion yuan, and the regional GDP is more than 100 billion yuan. The total population of the city is more than 7 million, the urban population is more than 3 million, and the passenger flow of the route is more than 30,000 per hour.

The population base reaches a certain number, the social conditions are relatively good, the economic development is fast, there is sufficient economic support, the local geological conditions are met, and the subway belongs to the local transportation facilities planning.

Built in a prosperous area, the first volume is relatively large, the geographical location is relatively superior, the city is larger, and the population is growing year by year.

The topography is available, the economic development is fast, the population is large, and the transportation is convenient, which gives a certain economic foundation.

The general public budget revenue of the city applying for the construction of the subway should be more than 30 billion yuanGross Domestic Product (GDP).In more than 300 billion yuan, urban areasResident populationMore than 3 million people. The general public budget revenue of the city applying for the construction of light rail should be more than 15 billion yuan, the regional GDP should be more than 150 billion yuan, and the permanent population of the urban area should be more than 1.5 million.

The construction planning period is generally 5-6 years, and the capital of the planned project is planned.

The proportion is not less than 40%, and the capital accounts for the municipal level and municipal districts of the current year.

The proportion of general public budget revenues generally does not exceed 5%. Strengthen the binding role of investment estimation, strengthen the whole process of investment control, and effectively reduce the total investment of the project.

Site selection for the construction of subway lines

The line should be laid along the main passenger flow channel in combination with the urban spatial form, mainly to serve the commuter passenger flow, cover and support the large passenger flow distribution points, and share a large proportion of bus passenger transport.

Restrict subway bypass services in individual areas to be developed, prevent the subway from extending indefinitely to the periphery, the length of branch lines should not be too long, and stations should be set up at connection points. For ultra-long lines that pass through the city center, the starting and ending points, stations, transfer points, and station spacing of the lines shall be reasonably determined according to the characteristics of passenger flow in different sections.

<>According to the requirements of the "Notice on Accelerating the Construction and Management of Urban Rapid Rail Transit" of the General Office, the construction of the subway must meet four conditions.

1. The general budget revenue of the local government is more than 10 billion yuan.

2. The GDP has reached more than 100 billion yuan.

3. The total population of the city is more than 7 million, and the population of the urban area is more than 3 million.

4. The passenger flow scale of the planned line reaches a one-way peak of more than 30,000 people per hour.

In addition, for megacities with better economic conditions and more serious traffic congestion problems, their urban rail transit projects will be given priority support. In principle, the capital of an urban rail transit project must reach more than 40% of the total investment. For cities with a large gap in social security funds, arrears of salaries for teachers and civil servants, and excessive scale of investment projects under construction, which are obviously not suitable for their financing capabilities, their urban rail transit projects will not be approved.

Projects with a localization rate of less than 70 will not be approved.

In 2018, "On Further Strengthening Urban Rail Transit.

Opinions on Planning and Construction Management" pointed out the conditions for the construction of subways:

The general public financial budget revenue of the city applying for the construction of the subway should be more than 30 billion yuan, and the regional GDP.

More than 300 billion yuan, the permanent population of the urban area.

More than 3 million people.

To guide the orderly development of light rail, the general public financial budget revenue of the city applying for the construction of light rail should be more than 15 billion yuan, the regional GDP should be more than 150 billion yuan, and the permanent population of the urban area should be more than 1.5 million.

The initial passenger transport intensity of the proposed subway and light rail lines shall not be less than 10,000 and 10,000 per kilometer per day, respectively, and the long-term passenger flow scale will reach more than 30,000 and 10,000 passengers per one-way peak hour respectively.

The above application conditions will be adjusted in a timely manner according to the economic and social development situation and procedures.

Examination and approval: urban rail transit projects (excluding trams) shall be examined and approved (approved) by the provincial development and reform departments in accordance with the urban rail transit construction plan approved by the state and in accordance with relevant procedures.

Cities that have been approved (approved) for the construction of urban rail transit projects should reasonably grasp the pace of construction, focus on optimizing project design, reasonably control project costs, and effectively reduce the total investment of projects.

The city and related enterprises have to take into account the conditions to implement the project in advance, arbitrarily compress the construction period, the preliminary work is not completed, the construction conditions are not available, there are special engineering geological disasters and can not guarantee the construction safety of the project, the implementation should be postponed according to the actual situation, and the construction period can be extended accordingly.

The tram project shall be examined and approved by the provincial development and reform department, and shall be coordinated with the relevant planning.

The above content refers to the General Office of the People's Republic of China on further strengthening.

1. Regional GDP: The original threshold for building a subway was more than 100 billion, but the change was large and increased to 300 billion, and there are currently 76 cities that meet this condition. In the central and western regions, some prefecture-level cities with relatively good economic development can basically meet the requirements.

In addition, the requirements for general public budget revenue have also been raised from more than 10 billion yuan to more than 15 billion yuan, and there should be hundreds of cities in the country that meet this standard.

2. Population: The data of "more than 3 million people" has not changed, but the "urban population" has changed to "urban permanent population", which is actually lowering the standard. Even so, this may be a flaw for many cities, as there are fewer than 50 cities in the country that meet this rule.

Construction method. 1. Cut-and-cover backfill method: The simplest and most direct method is cut-and-cover (cut-and-cover backfill). This method is usually to dig a large pit in the street and then construct a tunnel structure underneath it, and the tunnel will have sufficient support to resurface the road surface.

In addition to the road being excavated, other underground structures such as power lines, ** lines, water pipes, etc. need to be reconfigured. The materials used to build such tunnels are generally concrete or steel, but older systems also use brick and iron.

2. Drilling method: Another method is to dig a shaft somewhere on the ground first, and then dig a tunnel at the bottom of the shaft. The most common method is to use a boring machine (submersible shield, shield machine) to install the pre-prepared components on the tunnel wall while excavating.

For places with a high density of buildings, such as Hong Kong Island in Hong Kong, drilling is even the only feasible construction method.

1. The "Opinions on Further Strengthening the Management of Urban Rail Transit Planning and Construction" points out the conditions for the construction of subways:

1. The general public financial budget revenue of the city applying for the construction of the subway should be more than 30 billion yuan, the regional GDP should be more than 300 billion yuan, and the permanent population of the urban area should be more than 3 million people.