What is written in The Outer History of Confucianism ?

The Outer History of Confucianism is known for its satire, focusing on depicting the various states of Confucianism, creating a group of ridiculous, lamentable, pathetic, hateful, and respectable readers. Writer Yang Daxia sent a message that readers come from books.

The Outer History of Confucianism" is written by Wu Jingzi. "The History of Confucianism" is an outstanding realist satirical satire of the Qing Dynasty in China, mainly describing the activities and spiritual outlook of intellectuals and gentry in the late feudal society.

Mr. Lu Xun commented that "such as a collection of broken brocade, combined into a post, although not huge, but sometimes rare." Feng Yuanjun and Lu Kanru's "Compendium of the History of Chinese Literature" believes that "big mellow and small flaws".

Although the storyline of the book does not have a backbone, there is a center running through it, that is, opposing the poison of the imperial examination system and feudal etiquette, and satirizing the extreme hypocrisy and bad social customs caused by the enthusiasm for fame and wealth. Such ideological content undoubtedly had its great practical and educational significance at that time. Coupled with its accurate, vivid and concise vernacular language, lifelike character building, beautiful and delicate descriptions of scenery, and excellent satirical techniques, it has also achieved great success in art.

At that time, due to the limitations of the times, although the author criticized the dark reality in the book, he pinned his ideals on the scholars and doctors who were "excellent in character and learning", preached ancient rites and ancient music, and could not see the real way out to change Confucianism and society, which should be criticized.

The Outer History of Confucianism is an exemplary work of satirical literature in ancient China. In the 56 chapters of the book, the work uses a series of relatively independent stories to show a painting of the customs of Chinese society in the 18th century. It focuses on the life and mental state of feudal scholars, starts from exposing the imperial examination system and the ugly souls of scholars under their enslavement, depicts the faces of all beings of different classes in a specific era, and criticizes the eight-strand system of taking scholars that corrodes the souls of scholars.

"The Outer History of Confucianism".exposed the society of the timeBureaucracy, people do not hesitate to sacrifice the beauty of human nature for the sake of fame and fortune, and the reality of the corruption and degeneration of the entire social atmosphere, which is indicted with powerful literatureFeudal societyof darkness, hypocrisy, and vileness.

The History of Confucianism truly depicts the ups and downs of intellectual life during the Qing Dynasty, the ups and downs of circumstances, the gains and losses of fame, the rise and fall of official careers, the nobility and despicability of sentiments, the advocacy and disillusionment of ideals, and the exploration and pursuit of a way out.

Artistic achievements: "The Outer History of Confucianism" is a masterpiece of Chinese satire, using the technique of satirical literature to the imperial examination system of the traditional society at that time.

and the "cannibalistic" etiquette, as well as bureaucratic politics, social customs, human relations, customs and habits, etc., to make ruthless attacks and exposés; Laughing and scolding, dripping and hearty.

The Outer History of Confucianism can reflect the social reality of the time, and deeply reflect human nature, and is based on the actual daily life of what you have heard and seen, and it is immortal realism.

The work swept away the absurdity, the ethereal and ethereal strange talk and the superstition of cause and effect reincarnation in the past. The book succeeds in portraying many stark negative examples, as well as some positive characters, to elevate the status of women (e.g., Chapter 37). The author pins his hopes on the ancient "pure Confucianism", which smells of "nostalgia for the old".

"The Outer History of Confucianism".The author isWu Jingzi

The Outer History of Confucianism is a long story created by Wu Jingzi in the Qing Dynasty, and the use of vernacular has become proficient and free, and the characters are character.

The portrayal is also quite in-depth and delicate, especially the use of superb satirical techniques, making the book a masterpiece of classical Chinese satirical literature. It represents the peak of ancient Chinese satire, and it creates an example of directly evaluating real life.

Wu Jingzi was born in a family of gentlemen, was bright at an early age, and was good at memorization. In his early years, he lived a luxurious life, and he was a student at the beginning of school, but he was repeatedly trapped in the field, his family business declined, and he experienced the suffering of the hot and cold world. In his later years, he studied scriptures and ended up in poverty.

He is the author of "The History of Confucianism", "Wenmu Shanfang Poetry Collection" 12 volumes (4 volumes today), and 7 volumes of "Wenmu Shanfang Poems" (43 books today).

Theme of the work

The Outer History of Confucianism is a satirical work that critically exposes the social status quo and the fate of Confucianism with spicy strokes. ** Vividly portrayed in the imperial examination system.

The current situation of decay and erosion of spiritual, moral, and cultural education among the intellectual class. It reveals the concept of fame and fortune of scholars, the bureaucratic system, human relations, and the whole social atmosphere through the various situations of life.

On the one hand, it truly reveals the process and reasons for the corruption of human nature, so as to deeply criticize and ridicule the corruption of officials at that time, the disadvantages of the imperial examinations, and the hypocrisy of etiquette and religion.

On the one hand, he enthusiastically praises the protection of human nature made by a few characters in the way of insisting on themselves, thus embodying the author's ideals. **The use of the vernacular has become more proficient, and the characterization of the characters is also quite in-depth and delicate, especially the use of superb satirical techniques, making the book a masterpiece of classical Chinese satirical literature.