The Outer History of Confucianism Flying General and The Outer History of Confucianism finally

The first one is someone who can write, this person is called Ji Yaonian, the second is a seller of fire paper tubes, called Wang Tai, the third is a teahouse, called Gai Kuan, and the fourth is a tailor, surnamed Jing Yuan.

"The History of Confucianism" is a great realist satirical satire of the Qing Dynasty in China, mainly describing the activities and spiritual outlook of intellectuals and gentry in the later period of feudal society. Although the storyline of the whole book does not have a backbone, there is a center running through it, that is, it reflects the poison of the imperial examination system and feudal etiquette, and satirizes the extreme hypocrisy and bad social customs caused by the enthusiasm for fame and wealth. Coupled with his accurate, vivid and concise vernacular language, lifelike character building, beautiful and delicate descriptions of scenery, and excellent satirical techniques, he has also achieved great success in art.

The 56 chapters of the book are connected by many vivid stories, which are all based on real people and real events. The central content of the book is to criticize the rigid examination system and the serious social problems caused by it. The Outer History of Confucianism not only had a direct impact on modern condemnation, but also had a profound impact on modern world literature.

"The History of Confucianism" is one of the few outstanding masterpieces in the history of China, and it is the only one that is satirical in the true sense.

** Fifty-six episodes, there is no storyline that runs through the whole book, but is connected by a series of relatively independent stories. However, the author's idea when writing this book was to focus on the attitude towards fame and wealth and the provenance of literary deeds, to belittle and criticize the false Confucian scholars and pseudonymous soil among the scholars, and to praise and praise the true Confucian scholars and true famous scholars, which formed a sharp contrast between the two. He portrayed the images of Zhou Jin, Fan Jin, and Mr. Ma Er, who were devastated by the imperial examination system, such as Confucianism, fake Confucianism, and Confucianism, and enthusiastically depicted Zhuang Shangzhi, Chi Hengshan, and Dr. Yu as true Confucian sages who were clean and self-loving, advocating etiquette and music, and diluted with their hearts.

At the same time, he also wrote a large number of so-called celebrities who were uneducated and morally corrupt but pretentious and pretentious, such as the son of the Lou family, Yang Zhizhong, and the likes of Don't Use Power. In contrast, Wu Jingzi focused on shaping "a rare strange person from ancient times and today" Du Shaoqing, as a typical example of a true celebrity, he respects individuality, is light on wealth and righteousness, and pursues a willful, free and uninhibited life. And the real embodiment of the author's ideals, is the first time to create the "hidden full text" of the character Wang Mian, his personality is tranquil, far from fame, filial piety by nature, talented, this is an ideal character with both true Confucian and real celebrity spiritual character, has been the author of the warmest praise.

There are many divergent paths in life, and the immortals will be immortals, and mortals will do it. Hundreds of generations rise and fall in the twilight, and the river wind blows down the former dynasty tree. There is no evidence for fame and wealth, and I always mistake the streamer when I am in my mood. Three glasses of turbid wine were drunk, and the water flowed to know where.

The approximate meaning is as follows:

There will be many different opportunities in life, and mortals can also become generals and immortals. The prosperity of a dynasty is like the change of a dynasty and twilight, and the wealth of the previous dynasty cannot be preserved. The pursuit of fame and wealth may not necessarily lead to success, and it may also be a waste of time.

It's better to drink a few glasses of wine and get drunk, which tube of water flows.

General meaning. Life's wealth and fame are things outside the body. But as soon as the world saw the fame, they sacrificed their lives to beg for it, and when they got it, it tasted like chewing wax.

There may be something wrong with what I said, please forgive me.

uphold the public spirit, criticize the evils of the times, and be sharp, especially in Shilin; The text is also harmonious and witty, tactful and sarcastic: so it is said that there is a book of irony in the ministry.

That is, Lu Xun believes that "The Outer History of Confucianism" is the first real satirical literary work in China.

Lu Xun believes that "The Outer History of Confucianism" is the first truly satirical literary work in China.

It doesn't seem to have a named qualitative, such as "the first xx in ancient and modern times" or something.

I found you a comment from Mr. Lu Xun in "China's ** History": Wu Jingzi's "Confucianism and Foreign History" is based on public spirit, sometimes disadvantages, and sharp direction, especially in Shilin; The text is also harmonious and witty, tactful and sarcastic: so it is said that there is a book of irony in the ministry.

..Later, there were few books that satirized the world with public intentions, such as "The Outer History of Confucianism".

Kuang Chaoren sent his mentor back, and everyone came to flatter him. He discussed with his father-in-law that he was going to stop doing business, rent two rooms and open a grocery store, bring his sister-in-law back, and eat and live together. Pan Baozheng came to tell Kuang Chao that something had happened in the county and asked him to go out and hide for a few days.

Kuang Chaoren got acquainted with Jing Lanjiang, Zhao Xuezhai and other "celebrities" outside, and praised each other in poems. Everyone sighed that although Ningbo Huangzhi County won the Jinshi, but it was very lonely, Jing Lanjiang proposed that everyone write a poem with the word "building" as the rhyme, and asked Kuang Chaoren to comment.

Extended Profile: Character introduction in this episode:

Kuang Chaoren is a native of Yueqing County, Wenzhou Prefecture, he was originally a rural teenager, he went to school for a few years since he was a child, because his family was poor and could not read, and he went to the provincial capital with a guest who bought firewood to help keep accounts. Unexpectedly, the guests went out of business, and Kuang Chaoren had to rely on breaking words for people to make a living, and he was only twenty-two years old at this time.

Kuang Chaoren is a filial piety, hard-working and studious rural youth, Wu Jingzi described in detail in ** that he walked step by step towards the process of personality degradation and soul degradation. The development of Kuang Chaoren's thought can be roughly divided into three stages: the juvenile period, the transition period, and the metamorphosis period.

Kuang Chaoren was diligent in his youth, kind-hearted, and filial. With the sponsorship of Mr. Ma Er, when he returned home and saw his mother, he "put down his luggage, straightened his clothes, and kowtowed for his mother." "My father was sick in bed, and when he got home, he bought a pig's trotter and simmered it at home, and when it was cooked, he brought it to his father.

At night, I took a sheet and slept on my father's heels. He killed pigs and sold tofu during the day, and served his father at night. His father couldn't sleep at night, he had to spit, eat tea, and until the fourth watch, Kuang Chaoren would read and accompany him until the fourth watch, and only slept one watch every night.

The elder brother bought a chicken to fetch him and told him not to tell his father.

He was willing to give a bowl of chicken to his parents before he was willing to eat it. Really considerate to parents. At night, there was a fire in the village, which affected his own family, and he first carried out his father, and then helped his mother.

In his opinion, this is the most important thing, and the rest of the luggage is not a problem. It can be seen that filial piety to his parents is his highest moral standard, and Kuang Chaoren at this time is extremely simple and lovely.

Because Kuang Chao is filial and diligent in his studies, he was discovered by Li Benying, the county magistrate who was passing by one day, and he was grateful for his good deeds, and he was promoted to show talent, but Li Zhixian was falsely accused, which may affect Kuang Chaoren. So he came to Hangzhou to avoid the limelight. When Kuang Chaoren arrived in Hangzhou, Pan San, who was about to defect, went out and did not return, so he interacted with a group of pseudonymous people, and this period was a turning point in his life.