The principle of building structure selection and the principle of building structure design

1) Adapt to the requirements of building functions.

For some public buildings, their functions have audio-visual requirements, such as: in order to ensure a better visual effect, the stadium cannot be set up in the competition hall, and a large-span structure must be adopted; In order to meet the needs of shopping, the interior space of large supermarkets should be mobile and flexible, so the frame structure should be adopted.

2) Meet the needs of architectural modeling.

For the selection of building structures with complex architectural shapes and particularly irregular planes and elevations, it is necessary to set up shockproof joints at appropriate parts according to actual needs to form more regular structural units.

3) Give full play to the advantages of the structure itself.

Each structural form has its own characteristics and shortcomings, and has its own scope of application, so it is necessary to combine the specific situation of architectural design for structural selection.

4) Consider the materials and the conditions of the construction.

Due to the difference in materials and construction techniques, its structural form is also different. For example, most of the materials used in masonry structures are made of local materials, which are simple to construct and suitable for low-rise and multi-storey buildings. When there is a shortage of steel or steel processing and construction technology is not perfect, a large number of steel structures cannot be used.

5) Reduce the cost as much as possible.

When several structural forms are likely to meet the architectural design conditions, the economic conditions are the decisive factor, and the structural forms that can reduce the project cost should be used as much as possible.

1. Security.

Safety means that the building structure should be able to withstand various effects that may occur in the normal design, construction and use process (such as load, applied deformation, temperature, shrinkage, etc.) and in the event of accidental events (such as **, **, etc.), the structure can still maintain the necessary overall stability and prevent collapse.

2. Applicability let Sen do.

Applicability means that in the normal use of the building structure, the structural components should have good working performance, and will not produce deformation, cracks or vibrations that affect the use of the balance phenomenon.

3. Durability.

Durability refers to the fact that the structural components have sufficient durability under the conditions of normal use and normal maintenance, and can maintain the functions of the building until the design service life is reached, such as the occurrence of serious rust, corrosion, weathering and other phenomena of the material or the protective layer of the components is too thin, too wide cracks and other phenomena. Durability depends on the environment in which the structure is located and how old it is designed.

The principles of architectural structural design are as follows:

1. Strong and durable structure: In addition to determining the basic cross-sectional size of the components according to the load size and structural requirements, the structural design of balconies, stair railings, ceilings, doors and windows and wall connections must ensure the safety of the building structure and accessories in use.

2. Meet the functional requirements of the building: When designing the building, the corresponding structural treatment should be carried out according to the different locations of the building and the different nature of the use of the building, so as to meet the requirements of different functions.

3. Beautiful and generous: In addition to the combination of body shape and façade treatment in the architectural design that affect the image of the building, the structural design of some architectural details will also affect the overall appearance of the building.

4. Advanced technology: When designing the building structure, we should vigorously improve the traditional building methods, introduce advanced technology from the aspects of materials, structure, and construction, and pay attention to local conditions.

5. Reasonable reduction of cost: pay attention to reducing construction cost and energy consumption of materials in the economy, and must ensure the quality of the project. To reduce quality standards, we should reasonably reduce costs, that is, pay attention to comprehensive benefits.

That is to say, all kinds of structural design should pay attention to the relationship between the economic, social and environmental benefits of the whole building.