What is altitude sickness? Introduction to Acute High Altitude Sickness

Tourists who enter the plateau area from the plain area, due to the lack of adaptation to the low oxygen environment in the air, may cause various abnormal physical manifestations, which is called altitude maladaptation, also known as altitude sickness or mountain sickness.

The reaction to altitude sickness may vary from person to person, age, gender, and especially different physical health status, which may affect the performance of the reaction. Normally, in areas below 3,000 meters above sea level, the average tourist can adapt in a short period of time; 4200-5330 meters, some people can gradually adapt, some people are difficult to adapt; Above 5,330 meters, it is more difficult for people from the plains to adapt, and the higher the altitude, the more difficult it is to adapt.

In order to adapt to the anoxic environment of the plateau, tourists should carry out strong physical exercise before entering the plateau, such as climbing Baiyun Mountain quickly, and repeatedly walking up and down the hundred-step ladder of Yuexiu Mountain to increase cardiopulmonary function, which is helpful for plateau tourism and adaptation to the hypoxic environment of the plateau.

Altitude sickness can be divided into acute altitude sickness and chronic altitude sickness, and acute altitude sickness is the main occurrence of tourists. Acute altitude sickness has the following manifestations:

Acute altitude sickness, which is a possible reaction of plain tourists entering the plateau above 3000 meters, manifested as headache, dizziness, palpitations, shortness of breath. Some of the more severe manifestations also progress to decreased appetite, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, chest tightness, abdominal pain, or diarrhea, and some even cyanosis of the lips and facial puffiness.

If the tourist enters an altitude of more than 4,000 meters in a short period of time, coupled with the large amount of activity, the body is difficult to adapt, and it is possible to develop high-altitude pulmonary edema and high-altitude cerebral edema. Symptoms of high-altitude pulmonary edema include headache, chest tightness, cough, inability to lie flat, difficulty breathing, and even coma. High-altitude cerebral edema is characterized by severe headache, vomiting, lethargy, lethargy, and even coma.

This is an open classification on acute altitude sickness, with a total of 5 entries (including subclasses).

China is the first country in the world to recognize acute altitude sickness. As far back as 328 B.C., Du Qin, the general of Emperor Cheng of the Han Dynasty, wrote to Wang Feng, the prime minister at the time, suggesting that he not send special envoys to Kashmir and Afghanistan. Going to these places is because you have to pass through the Big Headache Mountain Range and the Small Headache Mountain in the Pishan Mountain Range (present-day Karakoram Pass), which can cause severe headaches, dizziness and vomiting.

These symptoms are consistent with the manifestations of modern acute altitude sickness, which shows that altitude sickness was already understood at that time.

Acute altitude sickness is a variety of pathological reactions produced by the human body after rapid exposure to low oxygen environment, and is a common disease unique to plateau areas. Common symptoms include headache, insomnia, loss of appetite, tiredness, difficulty breathing, etc. With the rapid development of alpine tourism and plateau economic construction, more and more plain people have entered the plateau, which has put forward an important topic for how to actively and effectively prevent and treat acute altitude sickness.

At present, the nomenclature and classification of acute altitude sickness tend to be unified at home and abroad. According to the clinical symptoms and conditions of the disease, the International Conference on Altitude Sickness is divided into mild, moderate and severe acute altitude sickness. Light (I degree):

Although symptomatic but able to move normally, you can continue to climb the mountain; Moderate (degree): severe symptoms, decreased mobility, inability to continue climbing, need bed rest; Severe (degree): The disease progresses progressively, and severe symptoms such as vague perception of the skin and skin appear, requiring first aid and escort to a plain or low altitude.

The basic principle of acute altitude sickness** is early diagnosis to avoid the development of severe altitude sickness. **Including rest, oxygen inhalation, sedation and pain relief, the use of diuretics to relieve water retention, the use of corticosteroids to reduce cerebral interstitial edema, etc., some Chinese herbal medicines have the effect of improving the body's ability to resist hypoxia.

The best way is to eat Youyi Vitality Journey, there is a store online that sells it, Xiangbala Outdoor Sports Equipment Network.

The most typical are lack of confidence, fatigue, drowsiness, and headache.

In severe cases, vomiting and difficulty breathing.

You can eat some rhodiola, talk as little as possible, and especially exercise less. Oxygen is given as needed.

The symptoms of altitude sickness are: headache, dizziness, chest tightness, shortness of breath, shortness of breath, rapid heartbeat, increased blood pressure, fatigue, nausea and vomiting, anorexia, slight fever, etc. Some people develop due to low oxygen levels:

Different manifestations such as purple lips and fingertips, drowsiness, hyperactivity, and inability to sleep. Some people experience symptoms such as roughness, chapped lips, bleeding or blood clots in the nostrils due to dry air.

The most common altitude sickness is headache, dizziness, shortness of breath, shortness of breath, rapid heartbeat, increased blood pressure, fatigue, nausea and vomiting, sleep disturbances, etc.

Mild high reactions include: headache, palpitation, shortness of breath, chest tightness, heavy heartbeat, loss of appetite.

Severe high reflex includes: low-grade fever, high fever, vomiting, trance, hallucinations.

If you are used to the taste of butter tea, you can drink some butter tea, which will help you adapt to the plateau environment. When you go to the plateau, you can carry anti-anti-anti-anti

0 2 0 2 Altitude sickness is a special disease that occurs in the low-oxygen environment of the plateau, which is a general term for various clinical manifestations caused by a series of changes in the pathophysiology of the body due to the human body's inability to adapt to the hypobaric hypoxia of the plateau, and other non-hypoxic hormones on the plateau, such as frostbite caused by cold, solar radiation, etc., and acute diseases such as solar dermatitis do not belong to the category of this disease. Altitude sickness has the following characteristics: (1) it occurs in a plateau environment; (2) The main cause of ** is high-altitude hypobaric hypoxia; (3) hypoxic pathophysiological changes are the basis of pathogenesis and clinical manifestations; (4) If the condition is removed from the low-oxygen environment, the condition is generally improved or even cured.

0 2 0 2 Common altitude sickness is as follows: (1) acute altitude sickness; (2) plateau coma; (3) High-altitude erythrocytosis; (4) high-altitude hypertension; (5) High-altitude heart disease; (6) High-altitude pulmonary edema; (7) Mixed altitude sickness, etc.

Mountain sickness is a syndrome that occurs due to incomplete or dysfunctional adaptation to the hypoxic environment when entering a plateau (an area above 3,000 meters above sea level and having obvious biological effects on the body) or from a low altitude to a higher altitude area. Also known as mountain sickness. The hypoxic environment of the plateau causes hypoxia in the body.

Upper respiratory tract infection, fatigue, cold, nervousness, hunger, pregnancy, etc. are the triggers. The disease is generally divided into two categories: acute and chronic. Acute altitude sickness refers to the acute hypoxic reaction or illness that occurs at the beginning of the plateau, and is classified into mild (or benign) and severe (or malignant) according to its severity.

mild or acute altitude sickness; Severe disease is further divided into: cerebral acute altitude sickness (also known as high-altitude coma or high-altitude cerebral edema), pulmonary acute high-altitude disease (also known as high-altitude pulmonary edema), and mixed type (that is, a combination of pulmonary and cerebral types). Chronic altitude sickness (also known as Monther's disease) refers to the onset of acute altitude sickness more than half a year after arriving at the plateau or the original symptoms of acute altitude sickness are prolonged, and a small number of people living in the plateau can also develop the disease.

In China, chronic altitude sickness is further divided into: high-altitude heart disease, high-altitude polycythemia, abnormal high-altitude blood pressure (including high-altitude hypertension and high-altitude hypotension), and mixed chronic high-altitude disease (i.e., heart disease and polycythemia coexist). The above classification is not made abroad.

The common clinical manifestations of altitude sickness include headache, dizziness, palpitation, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, insomnia, dizziness, drowsiness, numbness of the hands and feet, cyanosis of the lips and fingers, and increased heart rhythm, while other symptoms and signs vary depending on the type. Altitude sickness, also known as mountain sickness and plateau insufficiency, refers to a idiopathic disease that occurs in the low oxygen environment of the plateau above 3000 meters above sea level. After returning to the plains, it quickly recovered for its characteristic.

New research by scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, USA, shows that the Zang people are able to adapt to high-altitude environments thanks to the genes left to them by their ancestors who mixed with extinct humans. Thousands of years ago, a rare genetic mutation, which is primarily used in the production of the body's hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood, was prevalent in Tibetans who migrated to the plateau.

This mutation allows them to survive at altitudes of 15,000 feet (4,572 meters) and even higher, where the blood of ordinary people can become viscous and cause heart and blood disorders.

We have very clear evidence that this gene comes from Denisovans. "Denisovans are a mysterious race of humans that became extinct about 40,000-50,000 years ago, around the same time that the more well-known Neanderthals were under pressure from modern Homo sapiens. Rasmus Nelson, professor of integrative biology at the University of Berkeley, said

This is a very clear and direct indication that human beings have evolved by acquiring the genes of other races in order to adapt to a new environment. ”

Plateau hypoxia reflexively causes sympathetic nerve excitation, blood storage organs release red blood cells, glycanaerobic digestion is enhanced, lactate increases, blood pH decreases, and bone marrow erythrocyte system proliferation is promoted. However, excessive proliferation of red blood cells and increased blood viscosity slow down blood flow and impaired blood circulation, resulting in insufficient blood supply to the heart and serious damage to the heart.

2.Lack of oxygen causes cardiovascular damage.

In patients with hypoxia, blood in the body is redistributed, the heart and cerebral blood vessels are dilated, the pulmonary artery resistance continues to increase, and pulmonary hypertension occurs; Hypoxia can also lead to an increase in catecholamines in the body, and the increased activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system increases the blood pressure of the body and fluid by ......The combined effect of a variety of factors leads to cardiovascular sclerosis, the formation of microthrombosis, and the gradual decline of heart function.

3.High-altitude heart disease develops.

Long-term hypoxia can cause pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy or right heart dysfunction, and finally become typical high-altitude heart disease. The patient's heart presents with right ventricular afterload and is characterized by a large field of right ventricle, and in severe cases, the right shroud is characterized by enlarged ventricles and congestive right heart failure.

The Tibetan people have lived on the roof of the world since ancient times, so they do not suffer from altitude sickness.

The Tibetan people have lived on the roof of the world since ancient times. The average altitude here is about 4,500 meters, and the oxygen content in the air is lower than in the plains.

Mountaineers from the plains must admit that as the altitude increases, it becomes more difficult to breathe, followed by symptoms such as nausea, dizziness and even death. Studies have shown that Tibetans have thicker arteries and capillaries that deliver more oxygen to their muscles and organs, so they don't suffer from altitude sickness.

This is only the physical characteristics of the Tibetans who adapt to the plateau environment, and the real adaptation to the Gaoling environment is due to the careful genetics.