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Anonymous users2024-02-15It is not said that the volume of solution A and solution B is equal, so it cannot be determined that the saturated solution of substance A and the saturated solution of substance B contain the same mass of solute.
Solubility is defined as the amount of solid material that dissolves when it reaches saturation in 100g of solvent, and solute mass fraction is defined as the percentage of solute mass to solution mass (sum of solute mass and solvent mass).
Assuming that the solubility is x at T2 degrees Celsius, then in this 100g solvent, the solute mass fraction = x (100+x), so the solute mass fraction is also equal when the solubility is equal.
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Anonymous users2024-02-14The solubility of the two substances at this temperature is equal, and only the solute mass fraction of the two saturated solutions at this temperature is equal, and the masses of the two solutions are also equal. The ordinate of this image is the solubility and the abscissa is the temperature, but the solubility is equal at this temperature, and the mass fraction of the solute is equal according to the solute mass fraction of the saturated solution equal to s (100+s). The relationship between the mass of the solution is not visible from the image, and the mass of the solution can be arbitrary.
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Anonymous users2024-02-13The definition of solubility is the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved by 100ml of solvent at room temperature, which cannot be said to be equal to the amount of solution, The mass fraction of solute can be understood as concentration, of course, it is equal, because the mass fraction of solute is a ratio, regardless of the amount of solution (it should be the amount of solution, not mass, because the density may be different), the saturated solution is not necessarily the solvent is just 100ml, it may also be 150ml or others, So the quality of the solute at this time is not solubility at this time (not necessarily to be exact).
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Anonymous users2024-02-12Principle of molecular similarity compatibility.
"Similar" means that the solute is structurally similar to the solvent; "Soluble" means that solutes and solvents are miscible with each other. For example, there are strong hydrogen bonds between water molecules, and water molecules can not only provide hydrogen atoms for the formation of hydrogen bonds, but also accept hydrogen atoms provided by other molecules because there are lone pairs of electrons on the oxygen atoms, and hydrogen bonds are the main binding force between water molecules. Therefore, any solute molecule that can provide hydrogen or accept hydrogen for the formation of hydrogen bonds is "structurally similar" to water.
Such as RoH (alcohol), RCOOH (carboxylic acid), R2C=O (ketone), RconH2 (amide), etc., can be combined with water through hydrogen bonding, and have considerable solubility in water. Of course, the structure and size of the R group in the above substances also have an effect on the solubility in water. Such as alcohol:
R—OH, with the increase of the R group, the non-polar part of the molecule increases, so that the structural difference with water (polar molecule) increases, so the solubility of the molecule in water also decreases gradually.
For gases and solid solutes, "similar missolution monitoring" is also applicable. For a class of gases with similar structures, the higher the boiling point, the greater the intermolecular forces, the closer it is to the liquid, and therefore the greater the solubility in the liquid. For example, the boiling point of O2 (90 K) is higher than the boiling point of H2 (20 K), so the solubility of O2 in water is greater than that of H2.
The solubility is different and the solvent is as much as the solute itself! The solubility of the same solute in different solvents is definitely different! However, if you want to correct its origin, it still has a lot to do with the solute itself, and the ionic radius is basically the same, and the solubility may be larger (you can look at the soft and hard acid-base theory for this), and it is also related to the polarization force of the ion itself!
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Anonymous users2024-02-11The solubility of a solid substance refers to the mass that a solid substance can dissolve in a saturated state in 100 grams of solvent (usually water) at a certain temperature (the maximum amount of dissolved in 100 grams of solvent at a certain temperature), which is represented by the letter s and its unit is "1". In the absence of such an indication, solubility usually refers to the solubility of a substance in water.
Special note: Solubility is measured in grams (or grams of 100 grams of solvent) rather than no units. The highest amount of a substance dissolved in a certain amount of solvent at a certain temperature and pressure.
It is generally expressed in grams of dissolved substances in 100 grams of solvent. The solubility of a substance in a certain solvent is mainly determined by the properties of the solvent and solute. For example, water is the most common and commonly used solvent, and methanol and ethanol can be miscible with water in any ratio.
Most alkali metal salts are soluble in water; Benzene is almost insoluble in water. The solubility is obviously affected by temperature, and the solubility of most solid substances increases with the increase of temperature. On the contrary, the solubility of gaseous substances decreases with increasing temperature. The dependence of solubility on temperature can be expressed in terms of solubility curves.
The solubility of NaCl increased slowly with the increase of temperature, the solubility of potassium nitrate Kno3 increased rapidly with the increase of temperature, and the solubility of Na2SO4 of sodium sulfate decreased with the increase of temperature.
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Anonymous users2024-02-101.Solubility of solid substances.
1) The concept of solubility of solids.
At a certain temperature, the mass dissolved by a solid substance when it reaches saturation in 100g of solvent is called the solubility of the substance in this solvent.
There are five important points to grasp when understanding the concept of solubility of solids:
at a certain temperature": because the solubility of each solid substance has a corresponding fixed value at a certain temperature, but this fixed value changes with the change of temperature, so when giving the solubility of a solid substance, it is necessary to indicate the solubility at what temperature to make sense.
In 100g solvent": the solvent quality has a specified value, which is unified as 100g, but it is not a 100g solution, and when the solvent is not specified, it generally refers to water.
Saturated state": The so-called saturated state can be understood as the maximum dissolution of solutes at a certain temperature and in a certain amount of solvent.
"Dissolved mass": indicates that the solubility has a unit, and this unit is neither the degree (°) nor the mass fraction (%) but the mass unit "g".
In this solvent": that is, it is necessary to specify which solvent it is in, and it is not possible to talk about solvents in general. Because the solubility of the same substance in different solvents is not the same.
2) Factors influencing the solubility of solids.
The nature of the solute, the solvent itself. The solute and solvent are different at the same temperature, and the solubility is different.
The temperature is also an important factor affecting the solubility. The solubility of solid substances varies with temperature. The solubility of most solid substances increases with increasing temperature; The solubility of a few substances (e.g., sodium chloride) is less affected by temperature; There are also very few substances (e.g. hydrated lime) whose solubility decreases with increasing temperature.
2.Solubility and solubility.
Solubility and solubility are two different concepts. Solubility refers to the solubility of a substance in a certain solvent, which is commonly expressed as soluble, soluble, slightly soluble and insoluble (insoluble), which is a physical property of a substance. Solubility is a quantitative representation of the solubility of a substance, and the relationship between the two is:
Substance solubility Soluble Soluble Soluble Slightly soluble Insoluble.
Solubility g(20) 10 1 10 <
the concept of solubility; Be able to correctly apply concepts to solve problems.
The significance of the solubility curve and the use of the solubility curve to answer related questions.
factors affecting the solubility of gases;
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Anonymous users2024-02-09(1) Let's talk about the concept of solubility. At a certain temperature, the mass of a substance that dissolves in a saturated state in 100 grams of solvent (usually water) is called the solubility of the substance in this solution. (2) If it is decomposed, it becomes four conditions: (1) a certain temperature, (2) 100 grams of dissolution, (3) reaching a saturated state, (4) the mass of dissolution--grams.
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Anonymous users2024-02-08For example, if there is 36gnaoh in 100 grams of solution, the solubility is 36%.
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This algorithm is not right.
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