Summary of high school chemistry clues, summary of high school chemistry key points

Redox reaction is the core, and the textbook has been gradually explaining his principles, calculations and applications from the first to the third year of high school. Because high school chemistry is the study of the essence of reflection: the gain, loss or deviation of electrons.

So this is the primary core, which includes redox reactions, ionic reactions, thermochemical equations. This is the number one principle in high school. Theoretical knowledge also includes important equilibrium theory:

Chemical equilibrium studies reversible reactions, ionization equilibrium studies the relationship between ions in solution, and ionic reactions are his basis.

The above is theoretical knowledge, and one of the major is the periodic law of the periodic table, which is the study of the law of gradual change in the elements, which is not only focused on in the theoretical knowledge, but also reflected through the study of elements and compounds. Alkali metals, halogens, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, and metals (especially iron, magnesium, aluminum, and aluminum are amphoteric metals, and copper will be interspersed).Therefore, the relationship and inference between the compounds are also very important.

Organic chemistry is also a big block, but as long as you learn a few types of substances, high school does not have high requirements for organic chemistry. The main hydrocarbons (hydrocarbon-containing organic compounds) include: alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, benzene, etc., hydrocarbon derivatives (organic compounds with other elements in addition to hydrocarbons) including alcohols, aldehydes, atmospheres, carboxylic acids, esters.

And then the isomerism with organic matter is a big point! Glycolipids, proteins and synthetic materials in organic are not highly demanding.

The background of the changes in the second year of high school is the division of arts and sciences (or three out of seven). After gaining a basic understanding of each subject, students need to choose and focus on their future development subjects. This is the first time that students have made an active choice that is completely self-controlled and the risks are unknown.

The sophomore channel of the examination network has compiled the "Summary of Chemistry Knowledge Points in the First Semester of the Second Year of High School" for you to help you get the title of the gold list!

1.Summary of chemistry knowledge points in the first semester of the second year of high school

Optimization of chemical reaction conditions - industrial ammonia synthesis 1, the limit of ammonia synthesis reaction.

The ammonia synthesis reaction is an exothermic reaction, and it is also an entropy reduction reaction in which the amount of gaseous substances decreases, so reducing the temperature and increasing the pressure will be conducive to the chemical equilibrium moving in the direction of ammonia formation.

2. The rate of ammonia synthesis reaction.

1) The high pressure is not only conducive to the equilibrium moving in the direction of ammonia generation, but also accelerates the reaction rate, but the high pressure also has high requirements for the equipment, so the pressure cannot be particularly large.

2) The ammonia is separated from the gas mixture during the reaction, which can maintain a high reaction rate.

3) The higher the temperature, the faster the reaction rate will be carried out, but if the temperature is too high, the equilibrium will move to the direction of ammonia decomposition, which is not conducive to the synthesis of ammonia.

4) The addition of catalyst can greatly accelerate the reaction rate.

3. Suitable conditions for synthetic ammonia.

In the production of Hetan Bicheng ammonia, the conditions required to achieve high conversion rate and high reaction rate are sometimes contradictory, so we should look for reaction conditions with a higher reaction rate and obtain a proper equilibrium conversion rate: generally iron is used as a catalyst, the temperature of the control anti-suspect should be about 700K, the pressure range is roughly between 1 107Pa 1 108Pa, and the feeding ratio of N2 and H2 partial pressure is 1.

2.Summary of chemistry knowledge points in the first semester of the second year of high school

Thermal Effect of Chemical Reaction 1, Heat of Reaction of Chemical Reaction.

1) The concept of heat of reaction:

When a chemical reaction is carried out at a certain temperature, the heat released or absorbed by the reaction is called the thermal effect of the reaction at that temperature, referred to as the heat of reaction. It is represented by the symbol Q.

2) The relationship between the heat of reaction and the endothermic reaction and the exothermic reaction.

Q>0, the reaction is endothermic; q0, the reaction absorbs energy, which is an endothermic reaction. h