What is the structure of a thin cylinder? What are the three structural forms of cylinder block?

1) Cylinder barrel. The size of the inner diameter of the cylinder barrel represents the magnitude of the cylinder output force. The piston should do a smooth reciprocating slide in the cylinder barrel, and the surface roughness of the inner surface of the cylinder barrel should be reached.

For steel pipe cylinders, the inner surface should also be plated with hard chrome to reduce frictional resistance and wear, and to prevent corrosion. In addition to the use of high-carbon steel pipes, the cylinder barrel is made of high-strength aluminum alloy and brass. Small cylinders are available with stainless steel tubes.

For cylinders with magnetic switches or cylinders used in corrosion-resistant environments, the barrel should be made of stainless steel, aluminum alloy or brass.

2) End caps. The end cover is provided with an intake and exhaust port, and some are also provided with a buffer mechanism in the end cover. The rod side end cap is provided with a sealing ring and a dust ring to prevent air leakage from the piston rod and prevent external dust from mixing into the cylinder.

The rod side end cover is provided with a guide sleeve to improve the guiding accuracy of the cylinder, bear a small amount of lateral load on the piston rod, reduce the amount of downward bending when the piston rod is extended, and prolong the service life of the cylinder. Guide sleeves are usually made of sintered oil-impregnated alloy, forward-leaning copper castings. In the past, malleable cast iron was commonly used for end caps, but now aluminum alloy die-casting is often used to reduce weight and prevent rust, and brass materials are used for micro cylinders.

3) Pistons. The piston is the pressure part in a thin cylinder. In order to prevent the left and right chambers of the piston from blowing each other, a piston sealing ring is provided.

Wear rings on the piston improve the cylinder's directability, reduce wear on the piston seals, and reduce frictional resistance. The wear-resistant ring length is made of polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, cloth synthetic resin and other materials. The width of the piston is determined by the size of the sealing ring and the length of the necessary sliding part.

The sliding part is too short, which can easily cause early wear and seizure. The pistons are usually made of aluminum alloy and cast iron, and the pistons of small cylinders are made of brass.

4) Piston rod.

The piston rod is the most important stressed part in a thin cylinder. High-carbon steel with a hard chrome finish is usually used, or stainless steel is used to prevent corrosion and improve the wear resistance of the seals.

5) Sealing ring.

The seal of the part at the rotary or reciprocating motion is called the dynamic seal, and the seal of the still part is called the static seal.

It is composed of cylinder barrel, end cap, piston, piston rod and seal, and is made up of Zhenrui electromechanical.

There are three types of cylinder block structure: general cylinder block, gantry cylinder block and tunnel cylinder. The general cylinder block is characterized by the oil pan installation plane and the crankshaft rotation center at the same height, the advantage of this cylinder block is that the body height is small, the weight is light, the structure is compact, it is convenient to process, and the crankshaft is convenient to disassemble and assemble, but its disadvantage is that the stiffness and strength are poor.

Gantry cylinder block is characterized by:

The oil pan mounting plane is lower than the center of rotation of the crankshaft. Its advantages are good strength and stiffness, and it can withstand large mechanical loads, but its disadvantages are poor manufacturability, bulky structure, and difficult processing;

The main bearing hole of the crankshaft of the cylinder block in this form of tunnel cylinder block is integral, and the rolling bearing is adopted, the main bearing hole is larger, and the crankshaft is loaded from the rear of the cylinder block, and its advantage is that the structure is compact, the rigidity and strength are good, but its disadvantage is that the machining accuracy is high, the manufacturability is poor, and the crankshaft is inconvenient to disassemble and assemble.

The cylinder block is the main body of the engine, which connects the individual cylinders and crankcase, and is the supporting skeleton for mounting pistons, crankshafts, and other parts and accessories. The structural form of the cylinder block is usually divided into general cylinder block, gantry cylinder block, and tunnel cylinder block. General cylinder block:

This cylinder block is characterized by the fact that the oil pan mounting plane and the center of rotation of the crankshaft are at the same height. Its advantages are small body height, light weight, compact structure, easy processing, and convenient crankshaft disassembly and assembly; However, its disadvantages are poor stiffness and strength, and poor sealing of the front and rear ends of the crankshaft, which is mostly used in small and medium-sized engines. Gantry cylinder block:

This cylinder block is characterized by the fact that the oil pan mounting plane is lower than the center of rotation of the crankshaft. Its advantages are good strength and stiffness, can withstand large mechanical loads, simple and reliable sealing, and convenient maintenance; However, its lack of saltiness is poor manufacturability, and processing is difficult.

The structure of the cylinder block usually has three forms, namely: generally the cylinder block, the gantry cylinder block, and the tunnel cylinder block.

Cylinder block The cylinder block and upper crankcase of a water-cooled engine are usually cast as a single piece, known as the cylinder block-crankcase.

The size of the barrel diameter in the cylinder block determines the output of the cylinder. The other components, such as the piston, are sliding in the cylinder.

The cylinder block and upper crankcase of a water-cooled engine are often cast into one piece, which is called a cylinder block - the crankcase, which can also be called a cylinder block. The cylinder block is generally made of gray cast iron, the cylindrical cavity of the upper part of the Hekuan cylinder block is called the cylinder, and the lower half of the stool is the crankcase of the crankshaft with thick and bright support, and the inner cavity is the space for the crankshaft movement. There are many stiffeners, cooling water jackets and lubricating oil channels cast inside the cylinder block.

1.The general cylinder block is characterized by the oil pan installation plane and the crankshaft rotation center at the same height, the advantage of this cylinder block is that the body height is small, the weight is light, the structure is compact, it is convenient to process, and the crankshaft is convenient to disassemble and assemble, but its disadvantage is that the stiffness and strength are poor.

2.Gantry cylinder blocks are characterized by the fact that the oil pan mounting plane is lower than the center of rotation of the crankshaft. Its advantages are good strength and stiffness, and it can withstand large mechanical loads, but its disadvantage is poor manufacturability and structure.

3.The main bearing hole of the crankshaft of the tunnel cylinder block in this form is integral, and the rolling bearing is adopted, the main bearing hole is larger, and the crankshaft is from.

The cylinder is composed of cylinder barrel, end cover, piston, piston rod and seal, etc., and the connection methods between cylinder barrel and end cover are mainly as follows: integral type, riveted type, threaded connection type, flange type, tie rod type.

The cylinder block can also be divided into three types: L type, V type and opposite type.

1.The in-line L (generally four-cylinder car, BMW unique to L6) engines has individual cylinders arranged in a row, usually vertically. The single-row cylinder block has a simple structure and is easy to process, but the engine length and height are large.

Generally, engines below six cylinders mostly use single-row type. For example, Jetta sedan, Fukang sedan, Hongqi.

The crankcase is divided into bipart, gantry and tunnel.

The graphic symbols of thin cylinders are usually represented by standardized hydraulic and pneumatic symbols, and the common Tongnian symbols are shown in the following figure:

Among them, the rectangle represents the casing of the cylinder, and the line with an arrow in it indicates the direction of the cylinder's thrust. The port on the left indicates the inlet port of the cylinder, and the interface on the right indicates the exhaust port of the cylinder, which is used to control the gas in and out of the cylinder. The line at the upper end of the symbol indicates the air pressure line, and the line at the lower end represents the gas line, which is used to control the flow and exhaust of the inlet and outlet gases such as wheels transported in the cylinder.

It should be noted that different design codes or different slag beam systems may use different symbols to represent the same thin cylinder, so it is still necessary to recognize and infer according to the actual situation in the actual application process.

The cylinder is composed of cylinder barrel, end cap, piston, piston rod and seal, and the specific functions are as follows:

1. The inner diameter of the cylinder barrel represents the size of the output force of the cylinder;

2. The end cover is provided with an intake and exhaust port, and some are also equipped with a buffer mechanism in the end cover. The rod side end cap is provided with a sealing ring and a dust ring to prevent air leakage from the piston rod and prevent external dust from mixing into the cylinder.

3. Piston, piston is the pressure part in the cylinder. In order to prevent the left and right chambers of the piston from blowing each other, a piston sealing ring is provided. Wear rings on the piston improve the cylinder's directability, reduce wear on the piston seals, and reduce frictional resistance.

4. Piston rod, piston rod is the most important stressed part in the cylinder. High-carbon steel with a hard chrome finish is usually used, or stainless steel is used to prevent corrosion and improve the wear resistance of the seals.

5. The sealing ring, the sealing of the parts at the rotary or reciprocating motion is called the dynamic seal, and the sealing of the static part is called the static seal.

The cylinder block can also be divided into three types: L type, V type and opposite type. The cylinders of the row type L engine are arranged in a row, which is generally arranged vertically; The cylinders are arranged in two rows, and the left and right cylinders are on the same horizontal plane, that is, the angle between the centerline of the left and right two columns of cylinders is 180°, which is called the opposing type; The cylinders are arranged in two rows, and the angle between the centerlines of the left and right cylinders is 180°, which is called the V-engine.

There are three types of cylinder block structures, general cylinder block, gantry cylinder block, and tunnel cylinder block. The general cylinder block is characterized by the fact that the oil pan installation plane and the center of rotation of the drive shaft are at the same height; The gantry cylinder block is characterized by the oil pan installation plane lower than the center of rotation of the drive shaft; Tunnel cylinder block, the main bearing hole of the crankshaft of this form of cylinder block is integral, and rolling bearings are used, the main bearing hole is larger, and the crankshaft is loaded from the rear of the cylinder block.

It can be divided into general cylinder block, gantry cylinder block, tunnel cylinder block, V-shaped cylinder block, opposed cylinder block, etc., which belong to the structure of the automobile, and there are many advantages.