Biology Exam Compulsory Knowledge Points 2022 Junior High School

The structural hierarchy of living systems is as follows: cells, tissues, organs, systems, individuals, populations, communities, ecosystems, and cells are the basic units of structure and function of organisms. The most basic living system on Earth is the cell.

Steps of the optical microscope: Observation with a low magnification objective Moving the field of view** (which deviation is which) High magnification objective observation.

Only the fine collimation spiral can be adjusted.

Adjust the wide aperture and concave mirror.

The fundamental difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells is that there is a nucleus with or without a nuclear membrane.

Prokaryotic cells: no nuclear membrane, no chromosomes, such as bacteria such as E. coli, cyanobacteria.

Eukaryotic cells: have a nuclear membrane and have chromosomes.

In the second year of the 2022 Lunar New Year, the first time for the Geography and Biology exam will be in June.

That is to say, at the end of the semester from the second to the third year of junior high school, the geography and biology examinations will be arranged, which means that the two subjects do not take the high school entrance examination.

Learning Methods:

The 30-minute reading of textbooks every day, the review of basic concepts and theories, has played a role in laying the foundation and supporting the whole learning of biology and geography. Therefore, in the process of review, it is necessary to firmly implement the basic concepts, rules and methods, carefully read the textbooks, and strengthen the memorization of basic knowledge.

Grasp the direction of subject learningWhile comprehensively learning basic knowledge, we should also pay attention to "overcoming difficulties" and highlight the understanding and mastery of knowledge. After memorizing basic terms, terms, and concepts, students should focus on learning the laws of biology and geography.

In 2022, Qinghai students studying abroad If they return to Qinghai to take the high school entrance examination, will they take the local student entrance examination together with the local junior high school entrance examination?

The knowledge points that must be memorized in the biology high school entrance examination are as follows:

1. Except for viruses, all living things are made up of cells.

2. Cells are the basic units of biological structure and function.

3. The basic conditions provided by the biosphere for the survival of organisms are: nutrients, sunlight, air and water, suitable temperature and a certain amount of poor living space.

4. The environmental factors that affect the life of organisms can be divided into two categories: biological factors and abiotic factors.

5. The biosphere includes the bottom of the atmosphere, most of the hydrosphere and the surface of the lithosphere.

6. The composition of the ecosystem includes the biological part and the abiotic part, of which the biological part includes producers, consumers and decomposers; Abiotic parts such as sunlight, air, water, etc.

7. The relationship between producers and consumers is mainly the relationship between eating and being eaten, so that the food chain is formed. The food chains are intertwined with each other to form a food web. It is along the food chain and food web that matter and energy flow in ecosystems.

8. The largest ecosystem is the biosphere.

9. Steps for using the microscope: taking and placing the lens, aligning the light, observing, cleaning and closing the lens.

10. If you see the image in the field of vision to the lower left, the specimen should move the image to the lower left to move to **; The specimen moves upwards to the right, and the object seen in the field of view moves towards the lower left.

According to the examination items, go to the book and homework book to summarize, and combine the lecture notes in the class should be fine! It's absolutely no problem to get it done!

The required knowledge points of biology are as follows:

1. The composition of the ecosystem includes the biotic part and the abiotic part, of which the biotic part includes producers, consumers and decomposers; Abiotic parts such as sunlight, air, water, etc.

2. Steps for using the microscope: taking and placing the lens, aligning the light, observing, cleaning and closing the lens.

3. Viruses are composed of protein shells and genetic material inside, which usually become crystals when they leave living cells.

4. The largest ecosystem is the biosphere.

5. Steps for using the microscope: taking and placing the lens, aligning the light, observing, cleaning and closing the lens.

6. If you see the image in the field of vision to the lower left, the specimen should move the image to the lower left to move to **; The specimen moves to the upper right, and the object seen in the field of view moves to the lower left.

Precautions: Do not bring your own scratch paper, do not bring mobile phones, PHS and other communication tools into the examination room, and if you bring it, you must turn it off (so as not to affect the user). In some areas, it is forbidden to bring mobile phones and other communication tools into the test room, otherwise it will be punished as cheating.

Generally, there will be a few desks outside the examination room for storing students' school bags, and if you bring the above things, you can put them outside the door. In addition, you can bring a few pieces of chocolate to replenish your energy in time for rest.