Describe the effect of different tempering temperatures on the hardness of materials

Steel tempering, low temperature tempering, medium temperature tempering, high temperature tempering is also known as matching fire. A type of metal heat treatment process. Metal heat treatment in which the quenched workpiece is reheated to an appropriate temperature below the lower critical temperature, and then cooled in air or water or oil after holding it for a period of time.

Or the quenched alloy workpiece is heated to the appropriate temperature, kept warm for a certain period of time, and then cooled slowly or quickly. It is generally used to reduce or eliminate the internal stress in the hardened steel, or reduce its hardness and strength to improve its ductility or toughness. According to different requirements, low temperature tempering, medium temperature tempering or high temperature tempering can be used.

Generally, as the tempering temperature increases, the hardness and strength decrease, and the ductility or toughness gradually increases.

After quenching, the steel workpiece has the following characteristics: unbalanced (i.e., unstable) structures such as martensite, bainite, and residual austenite are obtained. There are large internal stresses. The mechanical properties can not meet the requirements. Therefore, steel workpieces are generally tempered after quenching.

The function of tempering is to improve the stability of the tissue, so that the workpiece will no longer undergo tissue transformation during use, so that the geometric size and performance of the workpiece remain stable. Internal stresses are relieved in order to improve the performance of the workpiece and stabilize the workpiece geometry.

Adjust the mechanical properties of steel to meet the requirements of use.

In the tempering process of heat treatment, the tempering temperature has the greatest impact on the hardness, and for the tempering time, after exceeding the tempering decomposition time, extending the tempering time has no impact on the structure and performance, but has a greater impact on the cost, and it costs more electricity.

According to the different performance requirements of the workpiece, according to the different tempering temperatures, tempering can be divided into the following types:

1. Low temperature tempering (150 250 degrees).

The tissue obtained by low temperature tempering is tempered martensite. Its purpose is to reduce the internal stress and brittleness of quenched steel on the premise of maintaining its high hardness and high wear resistance, so as to avoid chipping or premature damage during use.

It is mainly used for all kinds of high-carbon cutting tools, measuring tools, cold stamping dies, rolling bearings and carburized parts, etc., and the hardness after tempering is generally HRC58 64.

2. Tempering at medium temperature (250 500 degrees).

The tissue obtained by tempering at medium temperature is tempered dronther. The aim is to obtain high yield strength, elastic limit and high toughness. Therefore, it is mainly used for the treatment of various springs and hot work molds, and the hardness after tempering is generally HRC35 50.

3. High temperature tempering (500 650 degrees).

The structure obtained by high temperature tempering is tempered sostenite. It is customary to combine quenching and high temperature tempering heat treatment as quenching and tempering treatment, and its purpose is to obtain comprehensive mechanical properties with good strength, hardness, plasticity and toughness. Therefore, it is widely used in automobiles, tractors, machine tools, etc., such as connecting rods, bolts, gears and shafts.

After tempering, the hardness is generally HB200 330.

A: In production, it is often based on the requirements for the performance of the workpiece. According to the different heating temperatures, tempering is divided into low-temperature tempering, medium-temperature tempering, and high-temperature tempering.

The heat treatment process of quenching and subsequent high-temperature tempering is called quenching and tempering, that is, it has a high degree of strength and good plastic toughness.

1) Low temperature tempering: 150-250, m back, reduce internal stress and brittleness, improve plastic toughness, and have high hardness and wear resistance. It is used to make gages, knives and rolling bearings, etc.

2) Medium temperature tempering: 350-500, t back, with high elasticity, certain plasticity and hardness. It is used to make springs, forging dies, etc.

3) High temperature tempering: 500-650, s back, with good comprehensive mechanical properties. It is used to make gears, crankshafts, etc.

Summary. Hello <>

Pro, at the same tempering temperature, the hardness of the workpiece may vary, depending on the material and handling process of the workpiece. Tempering is a heat treatment process that uses heat and cooling to change the properties of a material, including hardness. The choice of tempering temperature affects the hardness of the workpiece.

In general, the higher the tempering temperature, the lower the hardness of the workpiece. This is because high-temperature tempering causes the carbide particles in the material to coarse, which reduces the hardness of the material. Conversely, low-temperature tempering refines the carbide particles, increasing the hardness of the material.

However, the relationship between tempering temperature and hardness of different materials can vary. Different alloying elements and material microstructures will also have different responses to tempering. Therefore, the hardness of the workpiece may vary depending on the tempering temperature under specific process conditions.

In summary, the hardness of the workpiece may vary at the same tempering temperature, depending on the composition of the material and the handling process. In practical applications, process parameters need to be selected and adjusted according to the specific situation to achieve the required hardness requirements. <>

Is the hardness of the workpiece the same tempering temperature the same as the same hardness?

Hello <>

Pro, at the same tempering temperature, the hardness of the workpiece may vary, depending on the material of the workpiece and the treated Zheng Suncheng. Tempering is a heat treatment process that uses heating and cooling to change the properties of a material, including the hardness of the chain. The choice of tempering temperature affects the hardness of the workpiece.

In general, the higher the tempering temperature, the lower the hardness of the workpiece. This is because high-temperature tempering causes the carbide particles in the material to coarse, which reduces the hardness of the material. Conversely, low-temperature tempering refines the carbide particles, increasing the hardness of the material.

However, the relationship between tempering temperature and hardness of different materials can vary. Different alloying elements and material microstructures will also have different responses to tempering. Therefore, the hardness of the workpiece may vary depending on the tempering temperature under specific process conditions.

In summary, the hardness of the workpiece may vary at the same tempering temperature, depending on the composition of the material and the handling process. In practical applications, process parameters need to be selected and adjusted according to the specific situation to achieve the required hardness requirements. <>

Kiss <>

Hello, the above is a specific analysis of whether the hardness of the workpiece is different from the same argument whether the temperature and hardness of the fire are the same, I hope I can help you [ ].

Kiss, keep you waiting, I'm glad to answer for you, hello! The hardness of a workpiece is affected by a variety of factors, including the structure of the material, its composition, and the way it is processed. The hardness of different workpieces may vary at the same tempering temperature.

This is because different workpieces may be made of different materials with different microstructures and compositions, so their hardness may vary at the same tempering temperature. Tempering is a heat treatment process in which the purpose is to change the microstructure and properties of a material through heating and cooling. During the tempering process, the hardness of the material changes and usually becomes lower.

However, the higher the tempering temperature, the greater the decrease in hardness. Therefore, the hardness of different workpieces may vary at the same tempering temperature. In addition, the tempering temperature is also related to the microstructure and properties of the mountain chop material.

If the tempering temperature is too high, it may cause the tissue to be too soft and reduce the hardness of the workpiece. On the contrary, if the tempering temperature is too low, it may cause the structure to be too hard and increase the hardness of the workpiece. Therefore, it is very important to choose the appropriate tempering temperature to obtain the desired hardness of the workpiece.

There is a correlation between the high and low hardening hardness of quenching on the tempering temperature. The higher the quenching hardness, the greater the residual stress and brittleness in the material, so tempering is required to eliminate these stresses and improve toughness.

In general, materials with higher quenching hardness need to be tempered at higher temperatures to achieve the required strength and toughness. This is because during the quenching process, many martensites are formed inside the material, which is very hard but also very fragile. Through tempering treatment, the martensite can be transformed into a more stable, soft and good plastic structure such as bainite, orange or afterglow.

In short, when choosing the appropriate tempering temperature, it is necessary to take into account the hardness obtained by the material after quenching and the mechanical properties that need to be achieved, and adjust it according to the actual situation.

Quenching hardness is the hardness of the steel after quenching treatment, and the quenching hardness will have an impact on the tempering temperature. The main hocks are manifested in the following two aspects:

1.Temper to soften.

Steels with high quenching hardness typically require higher tempering temperatures to achieve the required hardness and toughness. If the tempering temperature is too low, the steel may have problems such as tempering brittleness or insufficient tempering hardness, and conversely, if the tempering temperature is too high, the steel will soften too much and lose its hardened strength.

Therefore, steels with high quenching hardness need to choose a higher tempering temperature during tempering to achieve the desired balance of hardness and toughness.

2.Temper strengthened.

If the quenching hardness of the steel is too low, it needs to be tempered to make it harder to meet the needs of the special application. The process of tempering intensification is carried out at high tempering temperatures, which are usually much higher than those required for tempering to soften.

Therefore, if the hardness of the steel is low at the time of quenching, it is necessary to increase the hardness by tempering strengthening, and a higher tempering temperature needs to be selected.

To sum up, the quenching hardness is closely related to the selection of tempering temperature, and it is necessary to select the appropriate tempering temperature according to the specific situation to achieve the required balance of hardness and toughness.

If the tempering hardness is too high, you can choose a reasonable tempering temperature for tempering, but if the tempering hardness is too low, it will be difficult to do, and it must be re-quenched.

If your quenching process is correct, it also depends on the material.

If it is a low and medium alloy steel, if the tempering hardness is high, it can be tempered again and the tempering temperature can be appropriately increased, and if the tempering hardness is low, it should be re-quenched and then appropriately reduced the tempering temperature.

If it is a high-alloy tool steel or martensitic aging steel, the tempering temperature can be increased or repeated tempering multiple times to increase the diffusion precipitation strengthening and improve the hardness. If the tempering hardness is high, the tempering temperature can be further increased, so that the precipitated carbide grows, and the hardness will be reduced, but this heat treatment is often unreasonable, unless there is a special purpose.

1.When blank: mild steel normalizing; Annealing of medium carbon steel and high carbon steel.

2.During machining, when relieving machining stress: annealing of medium carbon steel and high carbon steel.

3.When the hardness is finally obtained: carburizing and quenching of mild steel; Medium carbon steel, high carbon steel quenching.

4.When medium carbon steel maintains good mechanical properties, quenching and tempering (i.e., modulation treatment).

These are just general principles. It is not difficult to understand the characteristics of materials, heat treatment characteristics, functions, coupled with the accumulation of analysis and knowledge.

You're talking about the specifics, and it's so complicated.

Summary. The hardness obtained by the same treatment temperature and time is absolutely different, but the same hardness can be obtained by choosing different treatment temperatures and times according to the different diameters.

There is a difference in the quenching hardness of quenching and tempering parts, and the hardness of the product is the same if the same temperature is used for tempering?

Your question has been received, it will take a little time to type, please wait a while, please don't end the consultation, you can also provide more effective information, so that I can answer for you more coarsely and dry.

Pro, the general situation is that the hardness after tempering is lower than the hardness during quenching.

The hardness of quenching and tempering parts of the same material is high or low after quenching, and the hardness of the product is the same when tempered at the same temperature?

Kiss, according to the same processing temperature, time, etc., to get the rough selling hardness is absolutely different, but according to the different diameters and sizes, you can choose different large towns to get the same hardness.