Humans can t go to the bottom of the sea, so how is the depth of the Mariana Trench measured?

Challenger-2 is measured by echo positioning, which uses a probe through the gradient depth, repeatedly sends sound waves, and then captures the echo with a headset, and times the echo rate with a handheld computer. Later, the oceanographic research vessel "Fichaz" used an ultrasonic sounder to detect a particularly deep abyss. After that, scientists successfully dived to the deepest part of the Mariana Trench for the first time aboard the "Trieste" deep-sea submersible for scientific investigation.

After that, the Japanese will use the high-energy professional exploration vehicle "Takuyo".Takuyo was sent into the Mariana Trench to collect data using a multi-beam echolocator, with the most accurate record being 10,911 metres (35,798 ft) measured by the Japanese exploration vessel Kaiko on 24 March 1995.

March 24, 1995".The "Trench" robot was slowly lowered to the bottom of the sea by a 12,000-meter-long primary cable, 17 monitors in the mothership's operating room display the images sent back by the submersible.

After three and a half hours of "traveling", the "Trench" reached the bottom of the Charinger Abyss, at which point the bathymetric showed a depth value of meters, and the corrected depth was meters. The corrected water depth is the depth corrected by the salt content and water temperature data based on the value measured by water pressure. "Trench" set a new world record for depth, 15 meters deeper than the previous record.

Since then, the "Trench" has also carried out sample collection and photographic activities, and people can see from the images it transmitted: on the brown seabed soil, there are some white sea cucumber-like creatures wriggling, and there are several small fish swimming next to it. Previously, the deepest water depth at which fish were confirmed was 8,370 meters.

Although humans can't go to the bottom of the sea, there are acoustic detectors to help us.

It should be possible to measure it by sound waves, after all, seawater is a good medium for sound waves.

Of course, the relevant auxiliary survey tools were used to enter the seabed to measure.

A probe is used to repeatedly send sound waves through the gradient depth, and then the measurement data is performed.

It is obtained through precise calculations by a certain detector.

It can be said that the measuring instrument is thrown in and the depth is found by the speed of landing.

The depth is repeatedly measured by a measuring instrument developed by scientists

It may be measured by a robot, or it may be measured by sound waves.

In the past 100 years, human beings have gone to the sky and explored the underground sea, and have made great progress in understanding the universe, and the Mariana Trench is one of the most mysterious places on the earth, attracting the attention of scientists and explorers from all over the world, and countries have repeatedly refreshed the depth record many times. The Mariana Trench is the deepest place on Earth, at a maximum depth of about 11,000 meters.

The earliest record was recorded in 1899, when the depth of the Nairo abyss was measured at 9,660 meters in the southeast of **, and this record was held for 30 years. It was not until 1929 that a depth of 9,814 meters was measured in its vicinity.

In 1957, the Soviet Union's "Vitaz" reported a depth of 11,034 meters and named it "Mariana Deep Depression", but this data was not able to be repeated by no one later, so it was regarded as inaccurate and not internationally recognized.

In 2012, China's deep-sea submersible "Jiaolong" manned reached the deepest depth of meters, and in 2016, China's unmanned deep-sea submersible "Haidou" reached the deepest depth of 10,767 meters.

In 1984, the maximum depth of the Mariana Trench was measured by the echo positioning method, but the world's most accurate record was measured by the Japanese exploration craft Kaiko on March 24, 1995, at a depth of 10,911 meters. However, the deepest is generally 11,924 meters.

So how is the depth of the Mariana Trench measured?

It is measured by echo positioning, which is to use the probe through the gradient depth, send the sound wave back, and then capture the echo with the headset, and the rate of the echo is timed by a handheld computer.

An ultrasonic detector was then used to detect a particularly deep abyss. After that, scientists took a deep-sea submersible and dived to the deepest part of the Mariana Trench for scientific investigation.

China's first 10,000-meter-class manned submersible "Struggler" successfully sat at the bottom of the Mariana Trench at a depth of 10,909 meters, and the "Struggler" set a new record for China's manned deep diving! The Mariana Trench is located in the northeastern part of the Philippines and is 2,550 kilometers long with an average width of 70 kilometers. It was formed about 60 million years ago.

The trench is up to 6,11 kilometers deep, the deepest known ocean in the world, with high water pressure, darkness, low temperatures, and a rather harsh environment.

Why is ocean exploration so tough?

Some experts in marine research believe that only about 5% of the seabed has been explored by humans, and the remaining 95% of the ocean is not yet accessible for technical reasons. So why is ocean exploration so difficult? First of all, deep-sea exploration is an extremely challenging activity, which not only requires advanced equipment, huge budgets, but also has brave and experienced personnel and national and international licenses, deep-sea divers face some dangers, such as the adverse physiological effects of high water pressure on the human body, the danger of dangerous marine life from strangers, the imperfection of diving equipment, etc., the temperature of the seabed also varies greatly, and the visibility in the depths of the ocean is often very low, and people are under great pressure in the dark environment.

Why do we still do deep-sea exploration?

The ocean covers 70% of the total area of the earth and more than 90% of the earth's living space. In the vast ocean world, every move of the ocean affects the climate on land, a large number of marine animals and plants are indispensable food for human beings**, the ocean also connects all the countries and regions in the world, so it is more urgent for us to understand the ocean than to understand the world, so it is necessary for us to understand the ocean as soon as possible, in addition to increasing our understanding of the ocean for safety and economic benefits, exploring the ocean floor will also satisfy human curiosity and the desire for unknown knowledge. <>

There are still many unanswered questions about the ocean.

All the scholars in the world who are engaged in ocean-related studies believe that there are still many mysteries that have not been solved in the deep sea field of the ocean, such as submarine lakes, submarine canyons, and submarine waterfall islands. There are also many never-before-seen sea creatures in the deep sea realm, which are yet to be discovered. The size of the ocean system is due to the biodiversity on display, with 297 new species of marine life discovered on a volcanic rock pillar in the ocean at one time.

Coral forests were found in the deep sea, especially like underwater gardens, but also with particularly serious marine pollution, and then many marine life were also found, such as large jellyfish, shrimp, squid, sperm whales, largemouth anglerfish, etc.

Found some corals inside. There are also bottles for humans as well as whales, crocodiles and sharks. There are quite a lot of creatures in it.

There will be a tornado inside. Some sea creatures, but also found an ancient temple. It may have been submerged in ancient times due to a great flood outbreak.

The water at a depth of 10,000 meters in the Mariana Trench is, of course, still liquid; The water temperature of its seawater has been measured to be between 1 and 4 degrees Celsius. The Mariana Trench is the deepest trench in the world; It is also the most mysterious place on the planet for mankind.

Although the pressure in the Mariana Trench has reached more than 1,000 atmospheres, this level of pressure is not enough for the water to change its form, so the water at this depth is still liquid.

At this depth, the water is not liquid, it is likely to be solid, because the temperature at this depth may be very low, and the water will solidify.

In the depths of the Mariana Trench, scientists have discovered something that should not be seen. The Marinaya Trench is the lowest in the world because it is so low that people did not know anything about it when technology was not developing.

Until 1960It was only then that scientists set foot in the Marinaya Trench for the first time。But after stepping into the Marinaya Trench, some interesting and shocking scientific phenomena have not yet been discovered, and scientists have beenPlastic was found,What does this mean?

In the depths of the Mariana Trench, what does the discovery of plastic mean for us? This means that human-made garbage is already all over the worldEven the Marinaya Trench, the deepest part of the world, cannot be avoided, which shows how much garbage has been created by humans and how far it has spread.

Plastics can be said to be the "greatest" invention of mankind in the new century, so to speakIt is the greatest "harm" that human beings have done to the natural world。It is mainly polymerized by polymers, in natureCannot be degraded naturallyThe old ones are accumulating all the time, and the new ones are increasing, which leads to the accumulation of more and more plastic content in nature.

WhilePlastic waste has "spread" to various places on land and in the sea, in the oceanThe biological chain is already under threat。The creatures in the ocean will have a "feeling of fullness" after eating the plastic, so that they will not eat anymore and will slowly starve to death, andPlastic is toxic, accumulating more and more in the body.

Humans may think that we are animals standing at the "top" of the pyramid, and we don't eat anything that contains plastic, so how can it harm us in the end? Big mistake,Even if humanity stands at the top of the pyramid, butHumanity has not yet stepped out of the biosphere and food chain in nature。The plastic toxins that began to accumulate from the bottom layer have been passed on to humans layer by layer, and the plastic toxins have accumulated to a terrible levelHumanity will eventually "reap the consequences".

Although some scientists have developed biodegradable plastic bags, the cost is too high and has not yet been adopted by the public.

And over the years, the use of plastic bags has accumulated more and more, more and more, andHumanity's daily food** comes from nothing more than the sea and plantsMarine creatures eat plastic bags, which contain toxins, and after death, the corpses are decomposed and absorbed by plants, and those toxins are absorbed by plantsSlowly the environment in which humans live contains plastic toxinsThe food consumed every day also contains plastic toxins, so can humans still be spared?

Pay attention to the environment and protect the environment! The earth was the last home of mankind, before technology developed to the point where it was possible to migrate to another planetIf we continue to "spoil" the planetIf the earth is "angry", natural disasters are frequent, and the biological chain collapses completelyWhere should humanity go?

It seems that the expert has discovered something strange, and these things have not been seen by the expert. That's why experts say that these are things that should not be seen because they can be life-threatening for our people.

I saw a bivalve shell, this shell is about 12 centimeters long, it is a new type of shell, it is a new species, and it grows in the interior of the earth.

Scientists are seeing plastic waste in it, and that's something they really don't want to see, which means that the ocean is polluted, very polluted.

The discovery of plastic shows that people at that time did not know how to protect the environment, and they would affect the development of nature by doing so, so this also warns some people to protect the environment in their daily lives and not to bring unnecessary trouble to themselves.

At its deepest point of 11,034 meters, the Mariana Trench is the deepest point on Earth.

The Mali Enhongyana Trench, also known as the Mariana Trench. It is located in the northeast of the Philippines and near the Mariana Islands, from Iwo Jima in the north to Yap Island in the southwest. It has the Aleutian, Kuril Island, Ogasawara and other trenches in the north, and the New Britain and New Hebrides trenches in the south, with a total length of 2,550 kilometers, an arc, and an average width of 70 kilometers.

It is estimated that the trench has been formed for 60 million years.

At its deepest point, 6 to 1 kilometre, it is the deepest known ocean and is one of the harshest areas on Earth due to high water pressure, complete darkness, low temperatures, low oxygen levels and a lack of food resources.

At its deepest point of 11,034 meters, the Mariana Trench is the deepest point on Earth.

The Mariana Trench, also known as the Mariana Trench. It is located in the northeast of the Philippines, near the Mariana Islands, at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean, from Iwo Jima in the north to Yap Island in the southwest. It has the Aleutian, Kuril Island, Ogasawara and other trenches in the north, and the New Britain and New Hebrides trenches in the south, with a total fiber length of 2,550 kilometers, which is arc-shaped and an average width of 70 kilometers.

It is estimated that the trench has been formed for 60 million years.

At its deepest point, 6 to 1 kilometre, it is the deepest known ocean, and it is one of the harshest areas on Earth due to high water pressure, complete darkness, low temperatures, low oxygen content, and a lack of food resources.