What problems should be paid attention to when raising cucumber seedlings?

Grafted seedlings are mainly the management of temperature, humidity and light, after grafting during the day is 25-28 °C, night is 17-20 °C, the corresponding humidity is more than 95%, the first 3 days to carry out shading. The specific management and precautions are as follows:

Temperature management: 1-3 days after grafting, keep 25-28 °C during the day, 17-20 °C at night, start ventilation after 4 days, and gradually increase the amount of ventilation, keep it at 22-26 °C during the day, 14-17 °C at night, and remove the small arch shed 7-8 days after grafting.

Humidity management: transplanted grafted seedlings must be watered thoroughly, and fasten the small arch shed, so that the relative humidity of the air in the shed is kept at about 95% for the first 3 days, and it is empty after 4 days.

The relative humidity of the air should be kept at about 80%.

Shading: In order to reduce plant water evaporation and nutrient consumption, the first 3 days after grafting must do a good job of shading, shading should not be too strict, can be in the small arch shed around the bottom of the shading, to try to make the shed more scattered weak light, is conducive to the survival of grafted seedlings. After 4 days, the shading is from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m., the rest of the time is not shading, and after 6-7 days, the shading is removed and the light is seen all day.

It is best to use sunshade nets for shading, and secondly, you can use straw curtains and bamboo curtains to implement semi-permeable shading, and you must not completely cover the light.

Cucumber seeds have no physiological dormancy period, but they need to be ripened, and the seed germination period can reach 4 to 5 years. The following issues should be paid attention to in the process of seedling raising:

1) Cucumber seeds are smaller and store fewer nutrients. During the germination period, it is necessary to supply appropriate water and maintain a high temperature to make the seeds germinate quickly. If the germination time is long, it will consume too much nutrients due to respiration, resulting in the weakening of the buds and affecting the healthy growth of the seedlings.

2) The watering should be properly controlled at the seedling stage, and the humidity should be adjusted according to the weather to prevent the underground part from growing due to excessive water supply to the root system.

3) The thickness of the covering soil is appropriate to prevent the appearance of capped seedlings.

4) Pay attention to disease prevention. Cucumber grafting: Cucumber scion is grafted on the pumpkin rootstock, that is, the root system of the cucumber is replaced with the root of the pumpkin. This is due to the developed pumpkin root system, low temperature resistance and high temperature resistance, not infected by soil-borne diseases, so that the cucumber plant grows robustly, has a preventive effect on a variety of diseases, especially for blight, and has a preventive effect, and early maturity and high yield, but does not have a good control effect on nematodes, and is prone to grafted cucumber root rot.

1. Since the stem of the cucumber is hollow, the scion should be inserted on the wall of the stem, regardless of whether it is a straight or oblique cutting.

2. The rootstock used for grafting (generally black-seeded pumpkin) is the most suitable period for grafting when the seedling cotyledons have been completely flattened and new leaves have occurred.

3. The control of the grafting environment is in the first 3 days after grafting. If the humidity is kept above 95% and the temperature is generally not higher than 28, the grafted seedlings are kept in the shade by shading to limit photosynthesis and slow down the physiological activities of the assimilation organs, so as to facilitate the healing of wounds. After 3 days of grafting and healing, the shading should be gradually lifted and ventilation should be paid attention to.

In the process of cucumber grafting, the matters that need to be paid attention to must be avoided.

1. Insulation:

The suitable temperature for wound healing of grafted seedlings is about 25, and the interface heals very slowly under low temperature conditions, which affects the survival rate.

2. Moisturizing: If the relative humidity of the air in the grafted seedbed is relatively low, the scion is easy to lose water and cause wilting, which will seriously affect the survival rate of grafted seedlings. Within 3 5 days after grafting, the relative humidity of the air in the small arch shed was controlled at 85 95.

3. Shading protection:

Cover the outside of the shed with sparse reed curtains or shade nets to avoid direct sunlight on the seedlings and cause scion wilting, and also play a role in heat preservation at night.

4. Ventilation of the shed:

3 to 5 days after grafting, ventilation can begin when the grafted seedlings begin to grow. Start with a small vent and gradually increase it later.

5. Timely scion root breaking:

Cucumber seedlings grafted by the grafting method can be broken for 10 days after the grafted seedlings are planted.

The use of grafting technology in cucumber field production can achieve many advantages such as increasing yield, disease prevention, and improving the stress resistance of cucumber itself. First, remove the stock of growth points, true leaves, and side buds. Second, tilt the cuttings downwards, along the midrib of one cotyledon of the rootstock, from the intersection of the cotyledons to the underside of the other cotyledons by centimeters.

The depth is preferably when the fingers touch the tip of the bamboo skewer, and the bamboo skewer is temporarily left on the rootstock after insertion. The third is to cut the scion, and at the lower part of the cotyledons, the scion is cut obliquely down to a long slope.

Finally, grafting, the bamboo skewer is pulled out of the rootstock, the scion is diagonally downward, diagonally inserted into the bamboo skewer jack, and the grafted scion is parallel to the rootstock cotyledons and leans against one of the cotyledons of the rootstock. Before grafting, prepare blades, grafting clips, 75% medical alcohol cotton balls (for disinfection of carrying items), and if used for grafting, prepare bamboo skewers. The temperature of grafting is about 25, and the air humidity is above 90%, and the division of labor and cooperation and assembly line operation can improve the work efficiency and improve the quality of grafting.

By connecting the scion and the rootstock at the same time, remove the tip of the pumpkin seedling, from 1 cm below the cotyledons, with a 30-45 angle knife from top to bottom, cut 1 2-2 3 deep, and the incision is cm long; Then the two seedlings are cut together, fixed with clamps, immediately planted into the grafted seedbed or seedling pot, and buckle the shed in time. When planting, at least 2 cm away from the bed soil, keep a certain distance between the rootstock and the scion, and cut off the hypocotyl after the scion survives. The advantages of this approach are:

It is easy to manage after grafting and has a high survival rate. The grafting speed is slow, the interface is close to the ground, and diseases are prone to occur.

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At the right time, we should pay attention to the temperature of planting at the time of grafting, do not hurt the roots and stems and leaves of cucumbers, and the number of seedlings should not be too much, so as not to wilt when it is too late to graft, and timely supplement materials, in the process of cucumber cultivation, we should choose drill wood that is resistant to low temperature and has strong adaptability to the harsh environment, and we should water regularly.

We must master the basic essentials, we must pay attention to the time of seedlings and the time of cutting, we must choose the right time to plant, we must turn the soil deeply, and then we must pay attention to the time of planting seedlings, to the cucumber seedlings about centimeters, cut a knife, and then the cutting surface should maintain an oval shape, and then put the scion into the hole of the bamboo skewer, and then connect the two melon seeds together.

When grafting cucumbers, try to choose oblique grafting, and then you should also carry out the place of the house, wrap it in plastic, and at the same time you must water more and fertilize more in the later stage, and you must add some nutrient solution, so as to play a better role.

Insert the cuttings along the midrib of one of the cotyledons of the rootstock, leave the bamboo skewers on the rootstock, and be sure to prepare the grafted seedlings. Then choose the method of cuttings for grafting.

The biggest advantage of the first point is that you will find that this cucumber will grow with special emphasis and special deliciousness, the second point is that you will find that this cucumber grows very watery and delicious, and the third point should master the technology, in fact, is grafting, and you must master the most basic seasonal grafting.

This can increase the yield faster, and technically must pay attention to a simple cleaning, and the most important thing is to keep it fresh, so that the success rate in the grafting process can be very high, and the yield can also be increased.

1. Remove the cucumber seedling scion. At 1 3 places under the cucumber cotyledon, cut it diagonally downward with a blade, and the incision is oblique and sharp, and put it in a sterile pot for later use.

2. Take cucumber scion seedlings about 100 buds each time, and then take them after use, and take them at any time, and you can't take too many seedlings at one time.

3. Pumpkin rootstock seedlings, after cutting off the pumpkin heart bud at the axil of the cotyledon fork, cut down 8 12 mm along the fork at any time, insert the cucumber scion, and strive to match the scion and the rootstock incision. The more anastomosis there is and the smaller the incision gap, the easier it is to survive.

4. Use sterile plastic pods and make tight incisions.

After the cucumber seedlings are grafted, they should be put into the seedbed immediately, keep the seedbed humidity at about 90%, and then cover with a microfilm to keep the moisture, the temperature is controlled at 25 27 degrees Celsius during the day, and the night is required to be left at 17 degrees Celsius, pay attention to not be exposed to strong light during the day, and remove the microfilm after 3 days, spray, so that the survival rate of grafted seedlings is generally more than 95%.

Cucumber. In general, it is advisable to replenish water to moisten the shallow holes. Grafted cucumber seedlings and other management of autumn cucumbers with live broadcast.

It is forbidden to use untreated industrial sewage to irrigate vegetable fields. In the vegetable garden irrigated by sewage for many years, the nutrient content of organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and available nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil increased significantly compared with that in the clear water irrigation area. However, it must be pointed out that the content of heavy metals lead, cadmium and mercury in the soil of sewage irrigation area is also significantly higher than that in clean water irrigation area.

Once heavy metals enter the food bracelet, the consequences are extremely serious. Therefore, grafting cucumber seedlings is required to prevent heavy metal pollution of vegetables. The use of untreated industrial effluent for irrigation of vegetable fields must be prohibited.

Cucumber. Heavy metal pollution and biological pollution of grafted cucumber seedlings are two major factors that seriously affect the safety and quality of vegetables. Because it is difficult for growers to detect in terms of indicators, these two types of contamination can easily be overlooked in production.

This article introduces the basic measures to prevent these two types of pollution at the source, and provides a reference for the majority of growers. When the maximum temperature on the day of transplanting is above 30, cover the grass at about 9 a.m. the next day, remove the grass after 6 or 8 hours, and water it again; When the maximum temperature on the day of transplanting is below 30, there is no need to cover the grass for shade, and water an appropriate amount of water every other day.

Cucumber. Temperature is very critical for the survival of cucumber grafted seedlings. Therefore, after cucumber grafting, the first management work we need to do is heat preservation.

If the temperature is not suitable, it will affect the healing of cucumber grafted seedlings, if the temperature is too low, then the grafted interface of grafted seedlings is difficult to heal in a low temperature environment, resulting in a decrease in survival rate. Therefore, after grafting, we need to keep the temperature at about 25 degrees to promote the healing of the graft and improve the survival rate.

Cucumber. In addition to temperature, humidity is also very important for the growth of cucumber grafted seedlings. If the air humidity in the grafted seedbed is too low, the scion of cucumber and potato will wither due to lack of water, resulting in a decrease in the survival rate of grafted seedlings.

Therefore, after grafting, we must pay attention to controlling the humidity. Within 4 days after grafting, the air humidity in the seedbed should be controlled at about 90%.

In addition to the type of rootstock, grafting method and grafting technology, the survival rate of cucumber grafting has a great relationship, but also has a direct relationship with the management technology after grafting, so the management after grafting is the focus of grafted cucumber production, and the management after grafting is mainly to create suitable light, temperature, humidity and aeration conditions for grafted seedlings, and accelerate the healing of grafting joints and the growth of seedlings.

1.ShadeWhen the cucumber is grafted, it is necessary to use a shade net (the shading effect is up to 75%) for shading, and the air humidity of the grafting shed must reach more than 85% to prevent the wound from losing water and avoid direct sunlight. Try not to open a large air outlet for the first 3 days to avoid sweeping wind.

From the 4th to 5th day, you can see the light in the morning and evening, and continue to extend the time until the grafted seedlings do not wilt, and the shade net can be removed completely.

2.Temperature and humidityThe temperature in the seedbed is required to reach 24 30 during the day and 18 22 at night, not lower than 15. After the grafting survives, the temperature should be relatively lowered, 23 24 during the day and 16 18 at night.

Seedlings were smelted at low temperature one week before planting. In particular, the temperature should not be too high at night, so as not to form tall seedlings. The relative humidity of the air in the arch shed of the grafted seedbed is kept at 95%, that is, there are small water droplets on the shed membrane during the day.

If the humidity is low, you can replenish the water and spray the water with a sprayer in an appropriate amount, but it is necessary to avoid the water dripping into the grafting joint, which will cause the wound to rot and affect the survival of the seedlings.

3.Wipe the buds, break the roots, and remove the grafting clips in time.

By grafting cucumber seedlings by the grafting method, the rootstock can still germinate new side buds. Therefore, after grafting, it is necessary to often carefully erase the germinated side buds in time to avoid their competition for nutrients and affect the survival rate. After planting 10 to 11 days after grafting, the grafted wound heals, the roots can be broken.

When the root is broken, it is necessary to completely prevent the grafted seedlings from working falsely, and the scion cucumber root system can be cut off, and the base of the cucumber stem should be pinched with tweezers or fingers before the root is broken, so as to destroy the vascular bundle and limit the water supply of the cucumber scion from the root, so that it can adapt to it quickly after the root is broken. After the growth of cucumber seedlings is completely turned into normal, the grafting clip can be removed.

4.Promoting flower bud differentiation is a very important task in seedling management. Cucumber is monoecious, and the flower bud differentiation law at the seedling stage is that when the first true leaf is present, the flower bud differentiates to the 9th segment. When the second true leaf is made, the flower bud differentiates to the 14th segment; When the sixth true leaf is the flower bud differentiates to section 23.

Therefore, the management after grafting is very important, at this time to control the male flowers to promote the female flowers, the experiment shows that spraying 50ppm ethephon or gourdin at the 1 3 leaves of cucumber seedling stage can effectively promote the differentiation of female flowers.