The advantages and disadvantages of the Shang martingale reform method and the results are explained

Shang Ying was a famous politician and reformer during the Warring States period in China, and the changes he introduced became known as the "Shang Yang Reform" or "Qin Reform", which had a profound impact on Chinese history.

The Shang Dynasty Reform laid the foundation for the Qin state's strength. Before the Shang Dynasty reformed the law, the state of Qin was relatively weak and was among the vassal states. Through a number of measures, such as improving the land system, strengthening the military establishment, and implementing the policy of emphasizing agriculture and suppressing commerce, the Qin state was able to achieve national unity and strength, and eventually became the first unified dynasty in Chinese history.

The Shang Dynasty reform ushered in a new era of Chinese feudal society. Before the Shang Dynasty reformed the law, China's feudal society had fallen into ossification and stagnation in all aspects, unable to adapt to the needs of the times. The implementation of the Shang Dynasty Reform Law broke the old system and ideology, and provided a new opportunity for the development of China's feudal society.

The Shang Dynasty Reform provided important ideological resources and theoretical support for the later development and reform of Chinese political thought. The ideas and theories of "law" and "art" put forward by Shang Ying in the process of changing the law provided important ideological resources and theoretical support for the development and reform of Chinese political thought, and became an important part of China's ancient political and cultural heritage.

The impact of the Shang Martingale Method:

It has a profound impact on the development of Chinese history. The Shang Dynasty Reform laid the foundation of the Qin State and also laid the foundation for the development of China's historical feudal society, and the rise and unification of the Qin State had a huge impact on the course of Chinese history.

It provides many experiences and examples for the development of ancient China's political system and legal system. Through the Shang Dynasty reform, the ancient Chinese political system and legal system have been relatively perfect and standardized, which provides an important reference and reference for the later political system and legal system.

The Shang Dynasty also had a profound impact on the promotion of China's modernization process. The Shang Dynasty Reform Law has produced important changes in many aspects such as politics, economy, and military, and has provided important inspiration and reference for the promotion of China's modernization process.

The Shang Dynasty Reform was an important political reform in Chinese history, implemented in the Qin State during the Warring States Period. The Shang Dynasty Reform has an important historical status, significance and influence on the development of Chinese history, including the following aspects:

For the first time, the centralization of power in the Qin State was realized. A series of political system reforms implemented by Shang Ying, such as the county system, the prime minister system, and the three princes and nine secretaries system, were all aimed at strengthening the centralization of power and unifying the political, economic, and military management of the Qin state. This laid the foundation for China's feudal imperial system for more than 2,000 years in the future, and became a milestone in the history of China's feudal system.

It promotes the development of productivity. The Shang Dynasty Reform abolished the private ownership of land, implemented the policy of land ownership by the cultivators, encouraged the peasants to work and produce, and increased the wealth of the state. He also promoted the unification of the monetary system and the system of weights and measures, which facilitated the exchange and development of commodities.

It accelerated the development of Chinese feudal society. The Shang Dynasty changed the law to abolish the Shiqing system and the patriarchal system, and established the bureaucratic system and the imperial examination system, so that the selection of ** no longer depends on blood relations and aristocratic status, but relies on talent and ability, thus promoting the forward development of China's feudal society.

It has had a profound impact on China's political and legal system. The political system and legal system implemented by the Shang Dynasty became a regular system in Chinese history after the Qin and Han dynasties, and provided important reference and inspiration for the construction of political and legal systems in later generations.

In short, the Shang Dynasty Reform was an important political reform in Chinese history, which had a profound impact on the development of China's social and political system, and was one of the important milestones in the political, economic and cultural history of ancient China.

The Shang Dynasty Reform was a major reform of the Qin State during the Warring States Period and had a profound impact on Chinese history. The historical status and significance of the Shang Dynasty Reform Law can be summarized in the following aspects:

It promoted the transformation of China's feudal system to a centralized system. With the goal of abolishing feudalism, the Shang Dynasty promoted China's economic and cultural development. The Shang Dynasty abolished the aristocratic privileges of the peasants and implemented reforms such as the equalization of land and the unified weights and measures, which accelerated the economic development of the Qin state and laid the foundation for later cultural prosperity.

It has created a tradition of China's legal system. Shang Ying's reform of the law implemented legalist ideas and created a complete set of legal systems, including clear criminal and civil laws. This kind of thinking on the legal system has always run through China's history and has had an impact on the construction of China's modern legal system.

It laid the foundation for China's reunification and great unification. The Shang Dynasty established the dominance of the Qin state while promoting the political and cultural unification of China. With the rise and unification of the Qin state, the Shang Dynasty reform became an important event in Chinese history, and also laid the foundation for later unification and unification.

In general, the Shang Dynasty reform had a profound impact on Chinese history and culture, not only promoting China's political, economic and cultural development, but also providing an important ideological and institutional foundation for the evolution and progress of Chinese history.

Although the Shang Dynasty Reform Law as a whole should be affirmed, some of its contents also had a long-term bad impact on Chinese history, and this article will introduce the impact and disadvantages of the Shang Dynasty Reform Law.

The Shang Dynasty Reform was a successful reform in ancient China, which made the Qin state a powerful state, laid the foundation for the future Qin state to unify the six kingdoms, and established the idea of the rule of law. The hood is withered.

Shang Ying drew on the experience of Li Kui, Wu Qi and other Legalist figures in implementing law reforms in Wei, Chu and other countries, and further developed Legalist policies in light of the specific conditions of Qin.

He further abolished the well-field system, expanded the mu system, emphasized agriculture and suppressed business, rewarded the production of male cultivators and female weavers in each family, and encouraged land reclamation, which promoted the development of the small peasant economy in the Qin State.

He generally implemented the county system, formulated the law and object, unified the system of weights and measures, and built a centralized monarchy.

He forbade private fighting, rewarded military merits, and instituted a system of twenty knighthoods, which was conducive to strengthening the army's combat effectiveness.

He attacked the old aristocracy who opposed the reform, and "burned the poems" and "books" and clarified the decrees, so that the changes could be implemented.

As a result of all this, the Qin state quickly became rich and powerful, laying the foundation for the unification of all of China by Qin thereafter.

After the Shang Dynasty reform, the Qin State changed the old production relations economically, abandoned the wells and fields, and fundamentally established the private ownership of land; Politically, the old blood patriarchal system was attacked and dismantled, the state mechanism was more sound, and the construction of the centralized system began; Militarily, rewarding military merits achieved the goal of strengthening the army, greatly improved the combat effectiveness of the army, and developed into the most powerful country in the late Warring States period, creating favorable conditions for Qin's next strategic development and laying the foundation for the unification of the whole country.

In order to strengthen the management and infiltration of the clan, the Shang Dynasty stipulated that five families should be divided into one army and two families. It is also stipulated that each family within the army should picket each other, "Those who do not accuse adulterers will be beheaded, those who accuse adulterers will be rewarded with the head of the enemy, and those who conceal adultery will be punished with the enemy."

This practice of making the people spy on each other and denounce each other, so that the whole people were always in the midst of mutual suspicion, evolved into the "armor protection system" when Wang Anshi changed the law, and was later inherited by the Kuomintang. By the time of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Japanese invaders in the occupied areas also implemented the armor protection system.

Policies that emphasize agriculture and suppress business. Shang Ying's policy of rewarding cultivation and weaving was correct, but he also stipulated that those who engaged in the final business (industry and commerce) would not be admitted to the government and would be punished as official slaves and maids. This policy of valuing agriculture and suppressing commerce was later regarded as a golden rule by successive feudal rulers, and even in the early stage of feudal society, it had little positive effect, and in the later period of China's feudal society, it became a policy that seriously hindered the development of industry and commerce.

1. Yi Kuanchen and Sullen Righteousness: The Shang Dynasty Reform was a relatively thorough reform movement during the Warring States Period, which greatly promoted social progress and historical development. Through reforms, the Qin state abolished the old system and created a new system adapted to social and economic development.

The reform of the brother and the defeat of the revolution promoted the social progress of the Qin State and promoted the economic development. At the same time, it has strengthened its national strength and made the country rich and its army strong. It laid the foundation for the unification of the whole country in the future and played an important role in the development of Chinese history.

2. Influence: Shang martingale implemented changes in the Qin State, making the Qin State economically developed and militarily strong, laying the foundation for Qin Shihuang to unify the whole of China, and also successfully bringing Legalist thought into the superstructure, influencing the Chinese for more than 2,000 years.

1. It promoted social progress and historical development: The Shang Dynasty Reform was a relatively thorough reform movement. Through reforms, the Qin state abolished the old system and created a new system suitable for social and economic development.

The reforms promoted the progress of Qin society and promoted economic prosperity. It strengthened the national strength and laid the foundation for Qin's prosperity and future development. It has played an important role in the history of the Qin State and even China.

2. Economically: the old relations of production were changed, the abandoned wells and fields were opened, and the private ownership of land was fundamentally established.

3. Politically: the old blood patriarchal system was attacked and dismantled, so that the feudal state machine could only be more sound, and the construction of the centralized system began.